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Trench warfare in world war 2
Trench warfare in world war 2
Life in trenches during WW1
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Trench Warfare in World War 1 and World War 2 was very deadly. Many soldiers in the trenches died from random causes. Just about every trench in both of the wars where very nasty. It was a place that no one ever wanted to be or would ever want to go. Trenches were built about every way that you could imagine. They were built above ground and underground. Building trenches was very difficult and time consuming. It would take 450 men six hours to construct a trench that was 250 meters long. Most trenches where about two meters deep and two meters wide and where never built in a straight line. They built the trenches zigzagged because when they dropped a bomb on one part of the trench the blast wouldn’t be able to kill everyone. They also done it like that to keep the poison gases from spreading to far down the trenches and so that the enemy couldn’t just run up and shoot in a straight line and kill everyone. They built trenches like that to keep everyone from dying at once. People dying in trenches was very random and very common. About 1/3 of the allied casualties on the western front was in the trenches. A lot of the men in the trenches died from shell fire. Shell fire would cause a good many of them to be buried alive because of the trench collapsing on them. A lot of men also died from grenades and shell fire. About 1/3 of the men that died in the trenches died from disease or other medical reasons. The biggest problem with the trenches was the weather conditions. Weather would make the trenches muddy, cold and depressing. Many soldiers died from the weather. They would be exposed to the cold for a long period of time and freeze to death. When people died they had high chances that they wouldn’t be buried. Soldiers normally... ... middle of paper ... ...soldiers also used gases to kill the enemy. The big three gases was chlorine, phosgene gas and mustard gas. The one most widely used was mustard gas because it was less detectable. Eventually the tank was invented, the tank was almost impossible to stop so they used it to break through enemy lines especially to break through the trenches. Soldiers would also break through lines by using miners to dig tunnels to the enemy trench and place a mine to blow it up so they could attack them. I think trench warfare was very deadly. I would not have wanted to be on the front line in one of the trenches unless I had to. The environment from where the trenches were and from all the bombing was impacted a lot. It killed off a lot of the wildlife and it also destroyed vegetation. It made people around where it was starve and cause a famine. I am very glad I live in America.
The film “Slaughter in the Trenches” shows us a big part of how terrible the World War 1 was. Men, who signed up to serve in the war, were signing up for their death. Thousands of men fought in the war, but only few hundred survived. Many of these men who did survive, became pieces of evidence of the warfare to show the world what a war does to people. The film introduces us to the trench warfare and does a great job of portraying the war, the lives of the men, and the countries that participated in it.
The First World War saw a new form of warfare known as Trench warfare which involved trenches which were deep long dugouts made by the soldiers that lived in these trenches. The trenches proved useful as they protected the soldiers from artillery and bomb fire and were most likely situated in the eastern and western fronts of Europe. However the conditions of the trenches were far from exuberant but were in fact severely terrible. There was bad hygiene throughout the trenches, for example soldiers bathed probably only once a month and as such were prone to diseases such as trenches fever (which were due to the lice attracted by the bad hygiene). The weather was no exception as well, in the summer it would be too hot and in the winter it would be too cold and due to the nature of the trenches, when it rained the trenches would be filled with water, and due to such conditions welcomed the disease known as trench foot which was due to prolonged exposure to water and claimed the foots of many soldiers. There was also the constant danger of bomb fire and snipers would always be on the lookout for any movement. Latrines, which were toilets used in the trenches also sprouted fear as the enemy could see them in this area of the trenches and therefore were in constant danger of death. Soldiers also had to follow a strict code of conduct which was known as trench etiquette which ordered them to respect higher officers and they would have to be punished if the trench etiquette was ignored.
Thus, a prolonged occupation of either of the combatant’s trench systems would be untenable: It is said that a single Stokes 2 in. Mortar projector on the hands of a well-trained mortar squad could have fifteen rounds in the air before the first one hit the target. Imagine the effect of a sustained barrage of this ferocity on even a lightly manned trench. Obviously, then, some form of compromise must have developed, on some occasions, between the warring sides; at least during the inevitable prolonged periods of inactivity in the majority of the sector... ... middle of paper ... ...
The hardships and dangers faced by American soldiers as described in the diary of Corporal Elmer Sherwood is that of daily pain, fear, horror, hunger and sadness. He talks about how it was so common for explosions to be nearby and that you always are in a worried state of mind because you don’t know if you are safe wherever you are. The trenches were supposedly a safe zone but like he described in his diary, a bomb got tossed into the very same trench he was just hiding out in and he say a few of his buddies die and get badly injured. Sherwood’s diary entry describes how it has been a very hard life being a soldier. You see so many people die and you can’t do anything about it. This was his first time watching someone die that he was actually
Both sides had suffered great casualties and loss of forces, and trench warfare had begun.
This "new warfare" was unlike anything the world had seen before, millions of people died during a war that was supposed to be over in time for the holidays. Each side entrenched themselves in makeshift bunkers that attempted to provide protection from the incoming shells and brave soldiers. After receiving an order to overtake the enemy's bunker, soldiers trounced their way through the land between the opposing armies that was referred to as "no man's land." The direness of the war was exemplified in a quotation taken from Remarque's All Quiet on the Western Front, "Attacks alternate with counter-attacks and slowly the dead pile up in the field of craters between the trenches. We are able to bring in most of the wounded that do not lie too far off.
Poison gas was perhaps the most feared weapon out of all. Created to overcome the long stalemate style of trench warfare, its purpose was to draw out soldiers hiding in the trenches. One side would throw the poison gas into the enemy trenches and they would either wait for their enemy to come out into open fire or perish in the trenches. The first poison gas used in battle was chlorine at the start of the Second Battle of Ypres on April 22, 1915 by the Germans. Shortly after, followed the phosgene. The effects of these gases were ghastly. Chlorine was the most deadly as "within seconds of inhaling its vapor, it destroys the victim's respiratory organs, bringing on choking attacks" (Duffy). Phosgene had similar effects, except the fact that the effects started kicking in after 48 hours of inhalation. In September 1917, the Germans introduced the mustard gas or Yperite which was contained in artillery shells against the Russians at Riga. Those exposed t...
As you can tell, the soldiers had a very tough time surviving in the trenches. This is one of the reasons why World War 1 was such a devastating
The Nature of the Trenches and Their Effectiveness as a Method of Defence Trenches were first introduced during World War 1, the sole purpose of the trenches being, a strong method of defence. When both armies of equal strength met, deadlock/ stalemate occurred (end of 1914). The war of movement ended, this resulted in soldiers in digging holes, roughly 3metres in height and 1.5metres wide, known as trenches, for protection along the front line. Soldiers built trenches because men wanted to find shelter from the weight and firepower of modern arms and artillery, as underground was the best hope of survival. This was the introduction of the first trenches during the stalemate, towards the end of 1914.
... caused by artillery. 90 percent of over the trench casualties were caused by gun fire. Even though the machine gun was very gruesome, lot of soldiers chose to riot than face their enemies. It stopped armies giving them long, worn out wars of attrition or wearing away which killed lots. Above the trenches which riflemen protected only were assaulted by a force 12 times better. If the riflemen opened fire right away on their attacker, 11 out of 12 of the attackers would die during the attack. Below the trenches was protected by machine guns also. The riflemen only fired until the enemy reached the 300 yard mark to fully wipe out the force 14 times bigger than them. With no machine gun in World War I, the total killing influence of the machine gun enforced armies into an argument, but they became defenseless to heavy artillery that caused common deaths in World War I.
In addition to the topic, I did more research on and my opinion on this topic was very interesting to learn about which are the trenches.The trenches were a long narrow ditch which was used for battle and is where most battles took place.Additionally,the trenches were built by the soldiers to gain territory and to claim territory when battle were going on between the two countries.Not to mention,the trenches were smelly,dirty,and filled with all types of diseases that were passed from one soldier to another, then there was a fifty fifty chance of them living with the disease.Equally important,the trenches were enormous they were 2,490km all combine.Not only the trenches were structured was more like a maze but also it was trials leading in different directs and on top of the trenches surrounding the trenches at least there were barbed wire so it was able to keep enemies out of the territory they already claimed.As, the enemies were so close to each other the attacks were often made during the night the soldiers would cut the wire to get into enemy territory so they were able to have an advantage of them more like an element of surprise.Furthermore,due to this soldier didn’t obtain much sleep since they were required be on the lookout for any attack so if anything they had naps during the afternoon daylight.Furthermore,let’s talk about “No Man’s Land” this is the term soldiers used for the ground that was in between the opposite side of the enemy.It was also where you found
Axes, as well as spades, bayonets and knives, as well as axes, - in fact every utensil that could be found was used.” Because proper digging tools were in short supply during the civil war, many men resorted to using inefficient tools such as their knives and bayonets to dig the trenches. There was more than one style of trench system used by the soldiers. Entrenchment – when men dug tunnel-like structures through the ground was the easiest, and the fastest way of making trenches but also the most dangerous. It was dangerous because it left the men susceptible to enemy fire. When digging aids were unavailable soldiers relied on natural ridges and breastworks of chevaux-de frise – a defense made of sharpened, wooden spikes, inserted through large pieces of timber and used in the same fashion as modern barbed wire. The safest and most secret way to prepare a trench was tunneling, but it was also the most difficult and time consuming. As the name implies, soldiers dug a tunnel and when finished, removed the roof. Trenches were no easy defense to make, walls often caved in before the men could frame the trenches in with huge logs and scraps of metal, when tunneling soldiers had to make sure the roof did not collapse on them, and they also filled up with water quite regularly. Trenches were simple when finished, they looked like huge mazes running throughout the battle field. Ladders
The First World War introduced a new type of warfare. New weapons were combined with old strategies and tactics. Needless to say, the results were horrific. However, a new type of warfare was introduced: trench warfare. In the movie War Horse, the character that owned the horse originally while he worked on his farm, Albert Narracott, finally was old enough to join the army. His first sight of battle was the Battle of Somme which took place in France near the Somme River. During this battle, the British troops start out in trenches, which were pretty much tunnels dug strategically to avoid gunfire. The soldiers would wait until they were told to advance, and they would run from one trench to the next. Trenches and the area between trenches were muddy and the trenches themselves were poorly conditioned (http://www.pbs.org/greatwar/chapters/ch1_trench.html). Many of the soldiers who fought in trenches succumbed to a foot disease called trench foot and if not treated immediately, gangrene could infect the foot and an amputation would be necessary for survival. Commanding officers ordered one or t...
For their life in the trenches meant living in fear. In fear of diseases like cholera and trench foot and of course, the constant fear of enemy attack. Trenches were dug about twelve feet deep with a spacing that provided enough space for men to move about and sleep (WW1 Facts, 2018). However, some trenches varied which some that had poor conditions and some that were much more luxurious than others. The Germans, for example had a bit more luxurious in there trenches, they had running water and electric lights which had a massive advantages on the enemies (Steen Hanso, 2000).
Life here in the trenches is horrific these Trenches are muddy, dirty and the smell was revolting. There are many diseases here like trench foot which is an infection caused by cold, wet and insanitary conditions. There are also so many rats and lice here it is so unliveable. It is so sad looking over in a battle and seeing an ally dead on the ground with rats eating their flesh after a while the body would just disappear into the mud. I can’t live in these conditions the war will be over by Christmas and I will hopefully return home