Kourtney Millen
Lab Partner: Romario Jashari
TA: Christopher McKeithan
Orgo 1 lab – Section 903
September 12, 2016
Simple and Fractional Distillation
Introduction:
The objective of this experiment was to use a common method of separation distillation. Distillation can be used in purifying or separating liquids, when the liquid if heated the more volatile component, the molecule with the lower boiling point, vaporizes and can be condensed. This type of separation will work efficiently when the feed mixture has a decent range between the boiling points of the components. The relationship between component’s vapor pressure to the composition of the solution is Ptotal==P1+P2, Raoult’s Law. This can be used with Dalton’s Law of partial pressure,
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Experimental: Heat to boiling point of Cyclohexane Heat to boiling point of Toluene
My lab partner and I performed Fractional Distillation
Fractional Distillation Procedure In conical vial add 7 mL stock solution and boiling stones. Set-up the distillation kit, including the fractionating column. Connect the sand bath to a regulator and heat the sand bath on 40%. Collect cyclohexane in a graduated cylinder, until the temperature dropped and there was no more condensate. Raise the temperature of the sand bath, regulator on 60%. Collect toluene.
Simple Distillation Procedure In conical vial add 7 mL stock solution and boiling stones. Set-up the distillation kit, do not include the fractionating column. Connect the sand bath to a regulator and heat the sand bath on 40%. Collect cyclohexane in a graduated cylinder, until the temperature dropped and there was no more condensate. Raise the temperature of the sand bath, regulator on 60%. Collect
The hypothesis that was formed in this experiment was that decantation and distillation were the techniques that would be successful in separating the three layered substances. The oil on top of the mixture was to be decanted solely, and the salt and sand layers would be distilled and separated together on filter paper on top of boiling hot water. The reason that the oil is decanted is because it doesn’t mingle with the salt and sand layers, and in addition it was the top layer, which was thought to have been easy to separate first. And as for the sand and salt, sand doesn’t mix and dissolve in water compared to salt, which does in fact dissolve, so distillation was thought to be the proper solution to separating the two
For this experiment we have to use physical methods to separate the reaction mixture from the liquid. The physical methods that were used are filtration and evaporation. Filtration is the separation of a solid from a liquid by passing the liquid through a porous material, such as filter paper. Evaporation is when you place the residue and the damp filter paper into a drying oven to draw moisture from it by heating it and leaving only the dry solid portion behind (Lab Guide pg. 33.).
7.) After you have heated them to the right temperatures, pour the excess water into a dry evaporating dish. ( Be sure not to get any of the substance in your solution. )
The objective of this experiment will be to combine various substances, liquids and metals, and to observe their behavior when they are combined. The types of reactions observed shall determine the nature of these reactions: physical or chemical.
the cool water in the stream at the bottom of the lowest holler or any thing in
3. Fill up the 50 milliliter beakers all the way up with deionized water. After, use your scopula to scoop out a small portion of one substance and put in into your beaker. Then put your hot plate onto medium temperature and rest the mixture onto the plate.
The purpose of this experiment was to make an object buoyant by adding a sufficient amount of extra volume to displace the water necessary.
For this experiment, you will need 3 - ceramic bar magnets numbered 1 – 3 for identification purposes, 48 - 5/16” steel flat washers, tongs, goggles, gloves, stove, pot with boiling water, freezer, cooking thermometer, and freezer thermometer. Place the three magnets in the freezer overnight so that they reach a freezing temperature of between 0° - 32°. A freezer thermometer was used to verify temperature. After the magnets have reached the desired temperature, then place two even stacks of steel washers next to each other on a flat surface. Using one fro...
cylinder with water and putting it in a water bath so I can record how
3rd create wells: put a comb template in middle of the tray; wait until the mixture becomes solid. After,
With a smaller quantity of water (50mls) and the same amount of Ammonium Nitrate added. After any period of time the mixture will be a cooler temperature than that of a mixture with a larger quantity of water.
Process da: This low temperature liquid then enters the evaporator where it absorbs heat from the space to be cooled namely the refrigerator and becomes vapour
...y that the decrease in pressure is due to the rate of evaporation occurring at the same time. The lab was performed very well and had little to no errors in the procedure due to the practice run that was done the class before.
... temperature of 112 0C also and a pressure 2.5 bar. Cooling water is used to condense the vapor exiting column. Remaining methane and hydrogen are separated in reflux drum where the vapor stream is combined with other gases streams. The overhead of first and second separator are combined to form fuel gas. The liquid stream exiting in the bottoms of the reflux drum is pumped at pressure of 3.3 bar for discharging pressure. The pump stream is separated in two streams. One stream is to feed to tray one of the column and the other one stream is cooled down to 38 0C in heat exchanger. Then, the cooled product stream is sent to storage.