Chlorine
Chlorine is (at room temperature) a greenish-yellow gas that can be readily liquefied at 5170 Tarr or 6.8 atmospheres, at 20 C (68 F), and has a very disagreeable odor. It’s Element Symbol is Cl, atomic number is 17, and atomic mass is 35.453. Chlorine’s melting point is -101 C or 149.8 F. The boiling point is -34.05 C or -29.29 F, at one atmosphere pressure. Chlorine is a member of the halogen group. Chlorine was discovered by Swedish scientist Karl
Wilhelm in 1784, but he first thought it was a compound, rather than an element.
In 1810, Sir Humphrey Davy named it Chlorine, from the Greek word meaning
"greenish-yellow".
Chlorine is used in bleaching agents, disinfectants, monomers (plastics), solvents, and pesticides. It is also used for bleaching paper pulp and other organic materials, preparing bromine, (a poisonous element that at room temperature is a dark, reddish-brown), tetraethyl lead, and killing germs in water, particularly in swimming pools and hot tubs.
Like every member of the halogen group, chlorine has a tendency to gain one electron and become a chloride ion. Chlorine strongly reacts with metals to form mostly water-soluble chlorides. Chlorine also strongly reacts with nonmetals such as sulfur, phosphorus, and other halogens. If you were to mix hydrogen and chlorine gases and keep them in a cool dark place, the mixture would be stable, but if it were exposed to sunlight, it wo...
"Paul David Buell." Max Planck Institute for the History of Science. Max Planck Institute, n.d. Web.
CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
In the late 1800’s it was discovered that papa-amino-phenol, could reduce fever, but the drug was too toxic to use. A less toxic extract called phenacetin was later found to be just as effective but also had pain-relieving properties. In 1949, it was learned that phenacetin was metabolized into an active but also less toxic drug, acetaminophen. Since then, acetaminophen has been sold under many over the counter brand names, most popular being Tylenol.
the battles in World War I might have been lost if it were not for
It was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy in England, in 1807. Sir Davy was able to isolate potassium using electrolysis. Potassium was the first metal isolated by this procedure. Today, it is still not found free in nature. It is obtained by electrolysis of chloride or hydroxide.
- The amount of times the mixture was stirred. We stirred the mixture until the Ammonium Nitrate was dissolved, so the amount of times we stirred after each teaspoon was different.
Lavoisier, the father of modern chemistry, and when he came to America he brought some of
Silicon is never found as a pure element naturally. Jacob Berzelius is credited for discovering silicon. Although, people thought that Thenard had already tried to obtain silicon in 1809. T. Thomson named the element in 1831. T. Thomson added the ending “on” to emphasize the analogy between
In 1841, he founded the Chemical Society of London, of which he was the first president. His study in the field of colloids (a type of homogenous mixture) led to the discovery of dialysis and his earning of the name �the father of colloid chemistry.�
molecules its size it would have a boiling point of -75øC and a freezing point of -125øC4.
It is a transparent, colorless, viscous, oily liquid. It is tasteless and odorless when cold and have a faint odor of petroleum when heated. It is practically insoluble in 95% ethyl alcohol, glycerin and water. It is soluble in benzene, acetone, carbon disulfide, chloroform, ether and petroleum ether. It is miscible with volatile oils and fixed oils except castor oil (74).
Preservatives are a substance used to preserve foodstuffs, wood, or other materials against decay. Preservatives can be man- made or natural. There are many types of preservatives. There are sorbates(200-203), benzoates(210-218), sulphites(220-228), and propionates(280-283). Nitrates can be classified too as preservatives(249-250). The numbers are a way of simplifying and organizing different types of preservatives.The preservatives are labeled on the labeling sticker. Benzoates have two versions of itself. Potassium benzoate and sodium benzoate. “Potassium benzoate (E212), the potassium salt of benzoic acid, is a food preservative that inhibits the growth of mold, yeast and some bacteria.”(Wikipedia March 31, 2016). It is found in mostly acidic
Lavoisier made-up that all acids must comprise oxygen, and this idea was combined in the names used for this element in the various languages; the English oxygen, from the Greek oxys (sour) and genna (production); the German Sauerstoff, literally acid material; and the Russian kislorod, from kislota (acid). Succeeding the discovery that hydrochloric acid confined no oxygen, Sir Humphry Davy about 1815 first known that the key element in acids was hydrogen. Not all substances that hold hydrogen, however, are acids, and the first really reasonable definition of an acid was given by Justus von Liebig of Germany in 1838. According to Liebig, an acid is a compound having hydrogen in a form in which it can be replaced by a metal. This definition held the field for about 50 years and is still deliberated essentially correct, though somewhat outmoded. At the time of Liebig’s proposal, bases were still stared solely as substances that neutralized acids with the production of salts, and nothing was known about the constitutional features of bases that enabled them to do
in an airtight container and process it in such a way that the four main