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The role of women in the Middle East
Renaissance in Europe impact
The role of women in the Middle East
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Renaissance is a French word that can be divided into two parts: “re” which means again and “naissance” which means birth. Therefore, renaissance is rebirth. When Renaissance is evoked, it commonly refers to the European Renaissance of the 14th–16th centuries. The European Renaissance is a cultural movement and an intellectual transformation that constitutes a bridge between the Middle Ages and the Modern Era. This bridge contributed to the prosperity and the development of Europe. Unfortunately, the Arab world is still lagging far behind. This gap can’t be filled unless an Arab human renaissance occurs. And this rebirth can’t be successful unless the status of women in the Arab world is improved. In fact, I believe that the rise of women is a prerequisite for an Arab renaissance. This transformation must be based on a peaceful process of negotiation for redistributing power and building good governance. To begin, women’s education is a very critical issue to stress on. Health and abolishment of violence come after. Moreover, women’s rights must be respected to reach equality between men and women. In addition, women have to be more involved in political life. It is also necessary for them to participate in economic activities.
Some people consider that men are the pillars of societies; that’s why it is enough to educate them and ignore women’s education. In April 2005, a roundtable on the Arab women and the future of the Middle East was held in New York. One panelist affirmed that “the question is not Arab women and the future of the Middle East, for Arab women are the future of the Middle East”. By that she meant that women’s inferior condition slows down the national development in Arab countries. Despite the mass of statist...
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...Arab Women and the Future of the Middle East." American Foreign Policy Interests 27.5 (2005): 419-438. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 29 Dec.2009.
Schiffman, Zachary Sayre. "Dimensions of individuality: recent French works on the Renaissance." Renaissance Quarterly 49.1 (1996): 114+. Expanded Academic ASAP. Web. 28 Dec. 2009. .
Hoveyda, Fereydoun. "A Review of: “The Arab Human Development Report 2005: Towards the Rise of Women in the Arab World”." American Foreign Policy Interests 28.1 (2006): 53-85. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 2 Jan. 2010.
Clawson, Patrick. "Arab Human Development Report 2004: Towards Freedom in the Arab World." Middle East Quarterly 13.1 (2006): 85. Expanded Academic ASAP. Web. 2 Jan. 2010. .
...made. “Their domain of activities has extended, if not in the formal market, to the informal sector of the economy and to social affairs. The remarkable indices of these reforms are that urban and rural women volunteers participate in most important political institutions (i.e., parliament and Islamic councils) or in the establishment of NGOs.”21 This is a very large improvement, furthermore, women are gaining access to and “empowerment through higher education”21. Higher education leads to many positives, higher paying jobs, greater social standing, are just some of the advantages that will be accelerated over time as the gender gap becomes less prominent. However, “in Iranian society, men still are perceived to be more important than women”21 though this idea is decreasing at an increasing rate, it illustrates how pervasive and damaging a negative ideology can be.
The beginning of individualism’s gradual evolution was first manifested in the Renaissance Era. The Renaissance was a ripe time ready for change. The weakening role of the Catholic Church led to an increase in power for the masses. Corruption plagued Church officials and many sought theological respite elsewhere. The reemphasis of ancient Greek and Roman texts proffered alternatives for many to satisfy their religious needs. This helped contribute to the abolishment of the Church’s imposition of its absolute truth and its claim to ultimate authority. As the church lost power, so did the political units. The bonds between church and state began to erode. Feudalism declined, hence giving rise to new political opportunity. The noble class no longer held a monopoly on the valued positions in society. Rather, one was able to pursue wealth and fame through various endeavors ranging from artist to soldier.
Women’s rights in the Middle East are being restricted, therefore there are many different reactions. Some people were in favor of women having equal rights while there are some who are against women to have the same rights. Since before times, many countries in the Middle East have been taking women for granted and minimized their rights by telling them they can't do something or selling them as if they were prized. When women were treated as prizes it was a practice in Afghanistan called Ba’ad that used women as the compensation, for example a story of a girl named Sakina. She was a consolation prize so that her brother could marry a woman and the Jirga system told her she had to marry a 80 year old guy when she was like 18. This tells me
...enging Myths of Muslim Women: The Influence of Islam On Arab-American Women's Labor Force Activity. Muslim World, 92(1/2), 19. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.
Hourani, Albert. A History of the Arab Peoples. Cambridge, MA: Belknap of Harvard UP, 1991. Print.
You will realize the nationalists’ dream. You will learn foreign languages, have a passport, devour books, and speak like a religious authority. At the very least, you will certainly be better off than your mother.” Reading this masterpiece we can easily see the Middle East women’s dreams for education and freedom, things that we the women from the West taking as granted.
Middle Eastern women need to stand up for their rights and get educated to reverse the notion that they are servants and properties of their men. Furthermore, they need to rise up to their potentials and prove beyond doubt that they are equal to men. This practice would lead the path for future generations to follow and protect the inalienable rights of women. Finally, these women need to break the cycle of oppression by addressing these deeply rooted beliefs, gaining the tools to fight back, and joining forces to make lifelong changes.
Maynes, Charles. "The Middle East in the Twenty-First Century." Middle East Journal 52.1 (1998): 9-16. JSTOR. Web. 6 June 2011.
Deeb, Mary-Jane. Freedom House. Women’s Rights in the Middle East and North Africa-Oman, 2010. http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=179 (accessed August 14, 2010)
Gerner, Deborah J., and Philip A. Schrodt. "Middle Eastern Politics." Understanding the Contemporary Middle East. 3rd ed. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2008. 85 -136. Print.
The portrayal of the Arab woman has always been through several different perceptions. Some believe that these women are weak, dependant and victims of a hyper patriarchal tradition and culture. They live their lives as if caged from one man to another. First it is their father and brothers and then their husbands and sons. It is true that Arab women do live within patriarchal traditions and cultures but the same can be said for majority of the women around the globe. A much more accurate perception can come only through the realization that what popular Western concepts conceive as women liberation and independence does not necessarily apply to every women around the world. One must understand the culture, religion and traditions and history of a people to know what their ideas regarding concepts such as liberation and independence are. In the west for example women were allowed to vote relatively recently compared to Muslim women who were allowed to vote over fourteen hundred years ago, the same could be said for owning businesses and property and the right to a career. One of the most popular beliefs in the Western world today regarding oppression is that women in Arabia are sexually controlled by their men. This has been brought about especially by the concept of the Hijab as being one of the channels to control women’s sexuality and freedom. It can be argued that in various cases this is true but one cannot commit such a grave injustice and put all Arab women under one umbrella and stamp them as sexually oppressed. The fact is that the Middle East is a region where many states, cultures and identities exist.
Gerner, Deborah J., and Philip A. Schrodt. "Middle Eastern Politics." Understanding the contemporary Middle East. 3rd ed. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2008. 85 -136. Print.
Arab is not a race, but is a group of individuals that are united by their culture and history (ADC, 2014). There are many different variations commonly based on a particular individual’s country of origin such as Arab Americans. Other variations are based on their social class, the level of their education, if they live urbanely or rurally, or the time they have spent in the United States (Lipson & Dubble, 2007). Most Arabs also practice Islamic religion and are Muslim. When working with an Arab or Muslim client, nurses should ask what the client wishes to be referred to so as not to offend them in any way (Lipson & Dubble, 2007).
The Web. The Web. 7 Feb. 2012. Krause, Wanda C. "Gender: Gender and Politics." Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa.
“Women’s human security rights in the Arab world: on nobody's agenda.” 50.50 Inclusive Democracy, 2 Dec. 2013. Web. 16 Mar. 2014.