Thomas Jefferson is one of the most contradictory figures of United States' history. His figure would have been almost perfect if it weren't for the slavery. Jefferson owned slaves during his life and freed only some of them. Despite the fact that he supported French revolution and tried to abolish slavery he was never really able to solve the most serious social problem in America. Jefferson wrote the declaration of independence but failed to practice it, because he came from a high social class and grew up in the system that was dependent on slave labor. Moreover, his belief was that the American economy could never survive without it. He fought against the slavery but never freed his slaves because he thought they were ill prepared …show more content…
for freedom. He gave them the opportunity to leave but never created an environment where free blacks would be able to live. According to these Jefferson’s character can be questioned on two grounds: Was Jefferson one of the many slave masters of America who used slaves for their benefit? Second, was Jefferson an opponent of slavery who “hated” it as Gordon Wood states, who fought against the slavery with his whole power and tried to put it on the road of abolishment? After all Jefferson was a great leader who had both achievements and failures during political and personal struggles connected with slavery. In order to understand Jefferson’s relationship with slavery, we need to look at him not from twenty-first-century values. Rather we need to examine Jefferson on his terms and times. Many scholars like William Cohen, Robert McColley, John Chester Miller and others have stated that Jefferson was not against the slavery and made very little effort to end it. It is clear that Jefferson found the slavery abnormal at some level, but how could someone as smart and wealthy as Jefferson “hate” the system and be unable to do anything about it. Maybe Jefferson hated the slavery not because it was a system that used people cruelly and unjustly but because it brought blacks to white men’s America and made them a threat for its society, made whites into tyrants. In his Notes on the state of Virginia Jefferson explicitly states, slavery has an “unhappy influence on the manners of our people" . In this statement with saying our people, Jefferson doesn't seem to mean blacks. Another reason Jefferson hated the slavery is because he thought that it made whites dependant on blacks.
He could not survive without slaves, and his belief was that the American economy couldn't survive without slave labor as well. Once Jefferson wrote, "We have the wolf by the ears, and we can neither hold him, nor safely let him go. Justice is in one scale, and self-preservation in the other." . Self-preservation in this sentence can be viewed either from physical or political perspective. Jefferson got most of his wealth by slaves’ work. His plantations were cultivated by slave labor. This is the way Jefferson physically was able to exist. As John Chester Miller states, "Jefferson had to choose between the preservation of his political 'usefulness' and active opposition to slavery." Jefferson often said that he wanted slaves to be freed, but he accompanied this idea with removing them from the US. He thought that removing them from America would make Americans “happier and safer”. Freed blacks couldn’t live with white Americans because it will cause “convulsions that will never end, but in the extermination of one or the other …show more content…
race.” During his life he freed only three of his slaves; Harriet Hemings, Robert Hemings and James Hemings. Actually First one of them ran away, and Jefferson never chased after him. Robert Hemings paid him 60 Euros and bought his freedom. James Hemings was freed because of his services to Jefferson. Here comes the question. Why did Jefferson free three members of the same family? Or three people who carried the same family name? Jefferson’s relationship with them started with Sally Hemings. Sally was one of the slaves who grew up in Monticello and had Jefferson as their master during their whole life. When Jefferson’s wife Marta Jefferson died, Sally was only nine years old child. After the death of his wife, Jefferson left for France leaving his two children in Monticello. One of them, child Lucy died a year later and Jefferson wanted the other child, Polly Jefferson to be sent to him in France. The slave who was chosen to accompany the child was Sally Hemings, a fourteen years old child herself. When Sally was in France, the relationship started between them and when they came back to Monticello Sally has an infant child probably fathered by Jefferson. By the 1809, Sally was a busy mother of several children who closely resembled Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson fathered at least four children or possibly six. Some years later when children were old enough to care about themselves they disappeared one after another and never were found. This means Jefferson never really chased after them. With all the hatred that he had toward slavery, Jefferson was in a relationship with a slave and bred children with her. He also rarely used the word ‘negro’. The lives of Jefferson’s slaves were not hard. Jefferson was a strict person but not a cruel one. At least there were beds and sufficient food for slaves. All these facts show that in some sense Jefferson has respect of slaves. Jefferson was a figure who wrote “…all men are equal…” but along with this he publicly -3- declared that blacks were inferior to whites and it was not a result of their living conditions, it is what they are. As Archibald Roosevelt, the only surviving son of Theodor Roosevelt, states “My father felt that Thomas Jefferson had the habit of stating all kinds of principles that he never lived up to.” Along with all this Jefferson always struggled against himself and against the slavery.
All this Jefferson and antislavery staff started since he was in the college. When Jefferson was in William and Mary college his law instructor was George Wythe how has strong antislavery ideas. Jefferson was significantly affected by this man. When Jefferson’s father was dead, he inherited farms and slaves by him. A few years later he expanded the area of the farm and the number of the slaves. Jefferson believed that a few masters freeing their slaves will not change anything. This is why he never freed his slaves. He thought that it won’t change anything. As a master, he was kind and never made his slaves work more than they were able
to. Jefferson was against the slavery and would have abolished it and freed his slaves if only it was possible. As Wilson states Jefferson was a man “who was born into a slaveholding society, whose family and friends owned slaves” but ” decided at an early age that slavery was morally wrong and forcefully declared that it ought to be abolished.” Jefferson after all acted against the society, against himself and accepted social values during that time and tried to abolish the evil of America; slavery. The evidences show that Jefferson wanted to do something about all that slavery stuff, but there were too many boundaries that it became impossible. Carlyle,Douglas.”The Dilemma of Jefferson.” Ebony,1975, 61-66 Blackman, James. "Confronting Thomas Jefferson, Slave Owner." The Phi Delta Kappan 74, no. 3 (1992): 220-22. JSTOR Fehn, B. "Thomas Jefferson and Slaves: Teaching an American Paradox." OAH Magazine of History 14, no. 2 (2000): 24-28. JSTOR Chester Miller, John. "The Fox in the Henhouse: Jefferson and Slavery." The Wolf by the Ears 6, no. 4 (1978): 503-511. JSTOR Wood, Gordon. "Jefferson in His Time." The Wilson Quarterly 17, no. 2 (1993): 38-51. Accessed September 29, 2014. JSTOR Graham, Pearl M. "Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings." The Journal of Negro History 46, no. 2, (1961): 89-103. JSTOR Finkelman, Paul. “Thomas Jefferson and Antislavery: The Myth Goes On.” The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 102, no.2 (1994): 193-228, JSTOR -5-
In the article “Hope and Heritage: Myth and Thomas Jefferson” (Hope & Heritage pages 133-137) by Gordon S. Wood do not show the good man Jefferson is made out to be in present days. In his time Thomas Jefferson was sought as a bad man whose views towards slavery were for it to never abolish it “Jefferson could never truly imagine a negro being free in a white man’s world” but throughout the article you quickly notice Jefferson’s views on slaves seems to change whether from misinterpretation of the people or his unfortunate but very predictable tragedy of becoming in debt “he knew slavery was evil but believed his generation couldn’t do much about it” he in terms came to hate slavery and all it was, but knew people were too dependent on negro slaves to completely abolish them.
His writings show how he truly views slavery. In the first document, found in the Declaration of Independence, he claims that King George III is violating the rights of Africans by taking them and selling them into slavery elsewhere in the world. In the last document, written to Holmes regarding the Missouri Compromise, he states how people would be happier having a greater surface for the slave trade. This is a perfect example of how Jefferson was hypocritical; he simply contradicted himself. Although these documents were written forty years or so apart, I believe that it is still important to note his hypocrisy. This is mainly because Jefferson owned slaves throughout this entire time
Thomas Jefferson was a slave holder and the primary writer of the Declaration of Independence. Many will assume he was a racist and pro-slavery, but unless one were to look deeper into why Jefferson would even own slaves, this assumption is very believable. I would say Thomas Jefferson was a hypocrite, but he was justified hypocrite. As I think about why would Jefferson would want the abolishing of slaves, but on the other hand own slaves, it seems a bit hypocritical, but we must take a moment and really think was his hypocrisy justifiable? During this era nearly every successful white man owned slaves, so why would Jefferson not own them himself? Slaves were not just considered property, but they had valuable characteristics about them. They
Thomas Jefferson, a slave owner himself, originally wrote in the Declaration of Independence that all slaves should coexist with society, but he ended up revoking his opinions. Notes on the State of Virginia, written by Thomas Jefferson was a story that had conflicting ideas about African Americans and their role in society. During Jefferson’s time period, whites often regarded African Americans simply as slaves, or even a different species altogether. Slaves were regarded as culturally, physically, and mentally different from their white counterparts. Americans started to become dependent on their slaves, which made them want to keep their dominant relationship even more than before. Jefferson believed
Thomas Jefferson has an amazing role in our lives today from the hard work and time he spent to make an easier future for all of us. There are days that some of us could not thrive as the people we are without the appliances he made to make challenging tasks easier for us. Some people look up to him because he never stopped doing great things and never stopped showing unselfishness. Thomas Jefferson revolutionized the world of the 18th century and centuries to come. Thomas Jefferson was one of the most influential people of the 18th century because he was one of the founding fathers of America, he was the founder of the University of Virginia, and he was the creator of many life changing inventions, which drastically changed the world.
Thomas Jefferson was the third president of the United States and viewed the office of the president to be strictly constructed by the constitution. He, like Washington, believed his power as president derived directly from the constitution and the affection of the people. Although he had a Whig theory, he made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, which the president had no authority according to the constitution to do; the congress has control of the purse strings according to the constitution.... ... middle of paper ...
This is a common argument people have to question Jefferson's true beliefs upon the basis of slavery. "Slavery is an abomination and must be loudly proclaimed as such, but I own that I nor any other man have any immediate solution to the problem," was another quote by Jefferson which set out his views towards slavery quite clearly. The interesting thing about this quote is that he acknowledged that there were no immediate ways to fix the problem of slavery. This possibly hinted that because he had no way to fix the issue of slavery, he would simply continue its practice much like men around him in society chose to
One of the greatest conflicts in the history of the United State of America, the Revolutionary War, was started when the colonies of North America declared themselves independent from British rule. A group of men known as the Founding Fathers, which included George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, John and Samuel Adams, Thomas Jefferson, and others, formed the Continental Congress to rule their new nation. They chose Thomas Jefferson to write the Declaration of Independence, which they would send to King George III to make their independence official. Jefferson knew that he needed to use strong language to make a solid agrument against British rule in the colonies and to convince the colonists that independence was the only choice to maintain their freedom as human beings. The powerful use of parallelism, ethos, pathos, and logos helpd Thomas Jefferson to convey his idea that all men are created equal with unalienable rights and that it is the duty of the government to protect those rights.
Thomas Jefferson, an educated, well respected career man, served as governor of Virginia, secretary of state, and president of the United States. The Revolutionary era, during the 1770's, proved to be one of America's most victorious times. Despite the casualties the American colonies suffered, they proved to be stronger than their ruling land, Britain, and won the right to be a free land, becoming the United States of America. Living through this difficult turning point in history inspired Jefferson to write "The Declaration of Independence." Once again, nearly two hundred years later, America faced yet another turning point in history.
Thomas Jefferson was an educated, articulate and accomplished man from a well-respected family. He had a great understanding of farming and of the relationship between man and his environment, working diligently to balance the two for the best interest of each. He “considered himself first and always a man of the land” (Jewett, 2005). His vision of the New World was of true, idealistic freedom with limited government involvement; an educated farmer, a moral man who would sustain himself off of the very land his freedom was based.
Thomas Jefferson was who authored extraordinary words and it was there words that changed a nation. Jefferson’s ability to write made him prominent author of write the Declaration of Independence, (among other significant works). Jefferson’s writings reflected on the rights of mankind and what rights a government must offer its people. His use of words to fight for Human rights makes him one of the greatest American Hero’s. Thomas Jefferson’s writings on basic human rights caused a radical shift in American Colonist thoughts and these stunning ideas would influence the Americans to break away from Great Britain.
"Nobody wishes more ardently to see an abolition, not only of the trade, but of the condition of slavery; and certainly, nobody will be more willing to encounter every sacrifice for that object." (Thomas Jefferson to Brissot de Warville, 1788. ME 6:428) Thomas Jefferson said this to Brissot de Warville in 1788 explaining his view on slavery in the United States. This was both positive and negative for Thomas Jefferson, in many ways. He was very positive in the abolition of slavery in the United States because Jefferson says he would do anything to stop slavery, and the slave trade in the States. Thomas Jefferson had a theory that the United States could use part of the coast of Africa, and it would be used as an establishment where African American who were in the states would be moved. Jefferson sees this as the best way to deal with the slavery issue. Jefferson thinks this is a good idea because when the African Americans got back to Africa they would take the things they learned wile they were enslaved here and us them back in Africa. Thomas Jefferson saw this as retribution to the African Americans for all that t...
Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence for the American colonists to proclaim freedom from Great Britain's oppressor, King George III. American colonists had been suffering for many years when this important document was drafted. King George III had pushed the colonists into a state of tyranny and most decided it was time to start an independent nation under a different type of government. Jefferson focused his piece toward many audiences. He wanted not only King George III and the British Parliament to know the American's feelings, but also the entire world. The time had come for an immense change amongst the American colonists and Jefferson made sure everyone was aware of it by using his superior strategies of persuasion.
Thomas Jefferson; an American founding father, principle author of the Declaration of Independence, third president of the United States, the list goes on and on. Jefferson’s many accomplishments cause him to be the focal point of multiple historical works, one of which being American Sphinx: The Character of Thomas Jefferson written by Joseph J. Ellis, a history professor at Mt. Holyoke College in Massachusetts. Ellis’ purpose in writing the book was to portray Jefferson’s thoughts and actions during promising moments in his life, to focus on the values and convictions of Jefferson that revealed themselves during these specific times, while also providing outlook on Jefferson’s life from birth to death. Ellis didn’t want to completely summarize the life of Jefferson for he knew extensive works already existed on the topic; he wanted to avoid what he called “a free fall into the Jeffersonian abyss.” Ellis successfully portrayed the character of Thomas Jefferson during promising times of his life and focused on his values and convictions during said times. Ellis accomplished this portrayal by telling Jefferson’s story in more of a series like setting instead of a typical biography setting, capturing Jefferson at significant periods in his life allowing Ellis to write with more fluidity.
"We are told by his biographers, and apologists, that he hated slavery with a passion. But since he participated fully in the plantation slavery system, buying and selling slaves on occasion, and because he could not bring himself to free his own slaves, who often numbered upward of 200-250 on his plantations, one has to either question the verity of this passion or speculate that it was merely the abstract idea of slavery that he hated." (Smedley 189) Thomas Jefferson was always aware of the fact that slavery would soon one day be abolished but he made no efforts during his lifetime to accelerate the process. Jefferson was a wealthy plantation owner and politician that would speak out about slavery on a regular basis but would still employ slaves for his own use.