General Introductory Statement to introduce topic:
Humans are capable of fixing relationship, even if their history involved cruel actions towards a group or person.
Specific Introductory Statement (links topic to central idea):
The relationship between the Canadian government and the Indigenous community has significantly improved through the betterment of their quality of their lives, the updated laws surrounding the way new treaties are being created and their culture and beliefs being recognized and accepted.
Thesis Statement: The relationship between the Government of Canada and the First Nations People of Canada have significantly improved, grown and changed since 1982.
BODY PARAGRAPH 1
Topic Sentence (argument 1): Firstly, the relationship
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between the government of Canada and the indigenous people because of the intervention from the government to better the First Nations quality of life. Point #1: To begin with, the government has created a new accord that will attempt to bring equality between the indigenous and non-indigenous communities. Evidence/Quotation#1: The Canadian government created the Kelowna accord which is to aid in the betterment of the First Nations quality of life by significantly improving the health, infrastructure, education and job opportunities within the Indigenous community.
Marshall, Tabitha. “Kelowna Accord.” The Canadian Encyclopedia, www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/kelowna-accord/b. Government of Canada; Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada. “ARCHIVED - Sustaining Momentum: The Government of Canada's Fourth and Final Report in Response to the Kelowna Accord Implementation Act 2011-12.” Government of Canada; Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada, 28 May 2012, …show more content…
www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1338220678979/1338220793751. Analysis of Proof: ie: This shows/illustrates This shows how the Canadian government is trying to fix their relationship by bridging the gap between the Indigenous and non-indigenous people, in the hope that they will have equal opportunities as the non-indigenous Point #2: Additionally, the education system for the Indigenous youth has been updated by the government which can be seen in this quotation to allow youth to have equal opportunities as the non indigenous youth in and out of the workplace. Evidence/Quotation #2: “The Government of Canada recognizes that getting a good education is one of the cornerstones of success.” Analysis of Proof: This proves that the Canadian government feels that education in youth is what will drive the next generation to becoming successful and therefore by helping them obtain this success it improves the relationship between the government and the First Nations. ** Add up to 3 pieces of evidence/quotations , plus analysis after each. Concluding sentence/transition: Therefore, with the changes the government has made has altered the lives of the First Nation community which then transfers into a better relationship between the two. BODY PARAGRAPH 2 Topic Sentence (argument 1): Next, through the upgraded law of how present treaties are made has allowed for the First Nations to speak their thoughts and thus allowed the relationship between the Canadian government and the First Nations to grow and improve. Point #1: Firstly, modern treaties are now protected by the constitution of Canada, which gives them equal opportunities to speak their thoughts and ideas. Evidence/Quotation#1: “Modern treaty rights are recognized and affirmed by Section 35(1) of the Constitution Act, 1982. The Constitution Act, 1982 offers a strong measure of protection for section 35 rights including those enshrined in modern treaties.” Government of Canada; Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada. “Statement of Principles on the Federal Approach to Modern Treaty Implementation.” Government of Canada; Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada, 13 July 2015, www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1436288286602/1436288386227. Analysis of Proof: ie: This shows/illustrates This shows the First Nations community that they cannot be taken advantage as they had in the past by the Canadian government, and this shows how the Canadian government is trying to improve the relationship between these two parties.
** Add up to 3 pieces of evidence/quotations , plus analysis after each.
Point #2: Furthermore, the crown is now accountable and responsible for the modern treaties and its overall obligations.
Evidence/Quotation #2: “The Crown in right of Canada is accountable for the decisions and actions taken to implement its obligations therein as laid out in the treaty.” Government of Canada; Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada. “Statement of Principles on the Federal Approach to Modern Treaty Implementation.” Government of Canada; Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada, 13 July 2015, www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1436288286602/1436288386227.
Analysis of Proof: This shows how the government will be held responsible and accountable surrounding these treaties and that the first nation community can’t be taken advantage of as they had been in the past.
Concluding sentence/transition: Ultimately, the new legislations that outlines how the modern day treaties between the Indigenous community and the Canadian government has helped amend the wrong doing that the government has done in the past and make sure it is never
repeated. BODY PARAGRAPH 3 Topic Sentence (argument 1): Finally, with the Canadian government accepting and recognizing their culture and beliefs this proves how the relationship between these two parties have improved. Point #1: The last residential school was shut down 1996. Evidence/Quotation#1: 'take the Indian out of the child,'“Chief Justice says Canada attempted 'cultural genocide' on aboriginals.” The Globe and Mail, 25 Mar. 2017, www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/chief-justice-says-canada-attempted-cultural-genocide-on-aboriginals/article24688854/. Analysis of Proof: ie: This shows/illustrates This illustrates how the residentials were made to kill the indigenous culture and totally disregarded their beliefs, with these schools being abolished it shows the Canadian government was finally accepting their culture and beliefs. Point #2: Furthermore, Justin Trudeau publicly apologized for the residential schools and what it had done to the survivors. Evidence/Quotation#2: “We share this burden with you by fully accepting our responsibilities – and our failings – as a government and as a country.” Bartlett, Geoff. “'We cannot forget the history': Justin Trudeau apologizes to N.L. residential school survivors.” CBCnews, CBC/Radio Canada, 24 Nov. 2017, www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/justin-trudeau-labrador-residential-schools-apology-1.4417443. Analysis of Proof: This proves that the government is taking accountability for its actions and saying that this should have never happened and that they accept the indigenous communities culture and beliefs. ** Add up to 3 pieces of evidence/quotations , plus analysis after each. Concluding sentence/transition: Lastly, the government of Canada is accepting and recognizing the Indigenous communities, culture and beliefs and attempting to strip it away from them and thus improved the relationship between the two. CONCLUSION Reiteration of thesis (in an original way): Their has been growth and improvements made between the Canadian government and the First Nations since 1982. Summary of arguments/points: This relationship has evolved for the better through, the enhancement of the Indigenous quality of life, the updated laws surrounding the way new treaties are being created and their culture and beliefs being recognized and accepted. Final Insight (give the reader something to think about): With the history that the Canadian government and the First Nations have their is only hope that this relationship will continue to grow and improve over time but what the future will hold for these two groups is still unknown.
The Calder Case was the spark that led to the Canadian government recognizing Aboriginals and their rights. Firstly, the aboriginals used the Calder Case to inform the government that they were taking away their rights. The Calder Case was launched after the Attorney General of British Columbia declared “that the Aboriginal Title, other wise known as the Indian Title, of the Plaintiffs to their ancient tribal territory...has never been lawfully extinguished.”1 The statement made by the government claimed that the Aboriginal Title did not exist in the eyes of the law and before the Calder Case, it allowed them to ignore Aboriginal land rights all over the country. In addition, The Calder brought the issues the Aboriginals were facing with land claims to the attention of the Canadian government. “According to Kainai Board of Education The case made it all the way to the Supreme Court of Canada where the court ended up rejecting the native's claims after being split on it's validity. However, the Supreme Court of Canada's recognition required new respect for Aboriginal land claims.”2 The Supreme Court of Canada's recognition of the Calder Case benefited the Aboriginals as the government was...
Glen Coulthard’s “Resentment and Indigenous Politics” discusses the politics of recognition that are currently utilized within Canada’s current framework of rectifying its colonial relationship with Indigenous peoples. Coulthard continues a discussion on reconciliation between Indigenous peoples and the state that recognizes the three main methods of reconciliation: the diversity of individual and collective practices to re-establish a positive self relation, the act of restoring damaged social and political relationships and the process in which things are brought to agreement and made consistent.
Fleras, Augie. “Aboriginal Peoples in Canada: Repairing the Relationship.” Chapter 7 of Unequal Relations: An Introduction to Race, Ethnic and Aboriginal Dynamics in Canada. 6th ed. Toronto: Pearson, 2010. 162-210. Print.
White, G. (2002). Treaty Federalism in Northern Canada: Aboriginal-Government Land Claims Board. Publius Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 89-114
Steckley, J., & Cummins, B. D. (2008). Full circle: Canada's First Nations (2nd ed.). Toronto:
Canada likes to paint an image of peace, justice and equality for all, when, in reality, the treatment of Aboriginal peoples in our country has been anything but. Laden with incomprehensible assimilation and destruction, the history of Canada is a shameful story of dismantlement of Indian rights, of blatant lies and mistrust, and of complete lack of interest in the well-being of First Nations peoples. Though some breakthroughs were made over the years, the overall arching story fits into Cardinal’s description exactly. “Clearly something must be done,” states Murray Sinclair (p. 184, 1994). And that ‘something’ he refers to is drastic change. It is evident, therefore, that Harold Cardinal’s statement is an accurate summarization of the Indigenous/non-Indigenous relationship in
The proud Canadian denies the fact Canada oppressed the Aboriginal peoples. The fact is that time has not been assisting in the progress of the Indigenous peoples from discrimination. “Tidings of
Newman, Garfield et al. Canada A Nation Unfolding. Toronto: Mc Graw – Hill Ryerson Limited, 2000.
Living in Canada, there is a long past with the Indigenous people. The relationship between the white and First Nations community is one that is damaged because of our shameful actions in the 1800’s. Unnecessary measures were taken when the Canadian government planned to assimilate the Aboriginal people. Through the Indian Act and Residential schools the government attempted to take away their culture and “kill the Indian in the child.” The Indian Act allowed the government to take control over the people, the residential schools took away their culture and tore apart their families, and now we are left with not only a broken relationship between the First Nations people but they are trying to put back together their lives while still living with a harsh reality of their past.
It is the belief of first nations that the healing process and renewal of relationships are the essential ingredients for the building of healthy First Nations communities. First nations realize that the current justice process does not address the real issues at hand nor does it fit into their traditional forms of achieving justice. In fact, the current justice process systematically removes the offenders from their people and communities effectively severing all ties and ...
Stanton, Kim. "Canada's Truth and Reconciliation Commission: Settling the Past?" The International Indigenous Policy Journal 2, no. 3 (August 30, 2011): 1-20. Accessed May 18, 2014. http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1034&context=iipj.
The Indian act, since being passed by Parliament in 1876, has been quite the validity test for Aboriginal affairs occurring in Canada. Only a minority of documents in Canadian history have bred as much dismay, anger and debate compared to the Indian Act—but the legislation continues as a central element in the management of Aboriginal affairs in Canada. Aboriginal hatred against current and historic terms of the Indian Act is powerful, but Indigenous governments and politicians stand on different sides of the fence pertaining to value and/or purpose of the legislation. This is not shocking, considering the political cultures and structures of Aboriginal communities have been distorted and created by the imposition of the Indian Act.
The Indian Residential schools and the assimilating of First Nations people are more than a dark spot in Canada’s history. It was a time of racist leaders, bigoted white men who saw no point in working towards a lasting relationship with ingenious people. Recognition of these past mistakes, denunciation, and prevention steps must be taking intensively. They must be held to the same standard that we hold our current government to today. Without that standard, there is no moving forward. There is no bright future for Canada if we allow these injustices to be swept aside, leaving room for similar mistakes to be made again. We must apply our standards whatever century it was, is, or will be to rebuild trust between peoples, to never allow the abuse to be repeated, and to become the great nation we dream ourselves to be,
The question that is often brought to our nations attention is whether or not incremental equality for First Nations children is compatible with reconciliation. When considering my personal opinion, the two are in fact compatible with one another. However, Canada is still working towards reconciliation but still has not completely reached it. The working towards reconciliation within First Nations children is seen throughout many aspects in Canada. Firstly, incremental equality is trying to be reached through education. Next, incremental equality is working towards being met throughout health systems as well as behaviors. Lastly, incremental equality for First Nations children is moving towards reconciliation throughout the physical environments
The Indian Act is a combination of multiple legislations regarding the Aboriginal people who reside across Canada, such as the Gradual Civilization Act of 1857 and the Gradual Enfranchisement Act of 1869 (Hanson, n.p.). The Gradual Civilization Act was the Canadian government's attempt to assimilate the aboriginals into the Canadian society in a passive manner, through a method they encouraged called Enfranchisement. Enfranchisement is basically a legal process that allows aboriginals to give up their aboriginal status and accept a Canadian status (Crey, n.p.). This process, while under the Gradual Civilization Act, was still voluntary, but became a forced process when the Indian Act was consolidated in 1876 (Hanson, n.p.). The Gradual Enfranchisement Act introduced in 1869 was a major legislation that intruded with the private lives of the aboriginals. First, it established the “elective band council system” (Hanson, n.p.) that grants th...