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The handmaids tale character analysis essay
Declaration of human rights article
The handmaid's tale novel literary analysis
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A/S 91478 - Connections
Writers criticising the idea of individuality as a human right.
What is individuality, why is it necessary and is it good to be different?
The individuality of a person consists of the qualities that make them different from others, simply stated by the Collins English Dictionary. These qualities are usually noticed on a physical basis because society emphasises on surface appearance. Because of this, individuality is lost. The pursuit of personal happiness can be diminished, just in the hope to meet the ‘norms’ around us. The idea of individuality becoming obsolete has been a common theme in literature, as authors and directors criticise the society around them. The Handmaid's Tale, written by Margaret Atwood, Brave New World, written by Aldous Huxley, Into the Wild, written by Jon Krakauer and a Black Mirror Episode, Nosedive, directed by Charlie Brooker are all examples of this.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted on December 10, 1948. Each of the 30 articles in this declaration defines rights humans need, from basic resources and education to freedom of thought and speech. Article 2 states, “Everyone
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Society consisted of a five-tier system, ranging from scientists and politicians to the industrial working class. In Huxley's utilitarian society the tiers were created on a genetical basis. Epsilons are considered lower class people, as they are the industrial working class. Epsilons will forever only be lower class people. Alphas however, can rule the world. Similarly in today's society, people of certain sex or religion are being turned down from job opportunities. Another problem is the inequality in gender pay gap. During 2015, women working full time in the United States were paid 80% of what their male counterparts earned for that same role. These are all violations of the Human Rights act and the Employment Relations
Destruction of individuality is an idea both authors explore to expose the broad social wrong of an oppressive society. Both Orwell and Niccol use their protagonists to demonstrate how dictatorial governments that destroy any semblance of individuality are inherently wrong. Orwell uses third person narration, which directly follows his protagonist as he fights to maintain his individuality in a society driven to eliminate the capability of “love, or friendship, or joy of living” by making him “hollow”. By employing the use third person narration Orwell portrays to the reader that even an individual with powerful intent to remain different can be broken down and made to believe that “2+2 = 5”. Similarly, Niccol uses extreme close up shots focusing on Vincent’s cleaning process and the motif of constant DNA checks to reinforce how authoritarian societies can demolish all sense of individuality. Vincent, an “in-valid” must take extreme measures to overcome the prejudices of soc...
In these novels the main characters are, or become, unable to conform to the society’s standards. These characters represent the authors’ view of the ‘utopia’ as they see it with the veil of ignorance removed. In 1984, for instance, we start out with a character, Winston, who is constantly observing the ironies of the world about him. Through his job at the ministry of truth, he becomes a hand of the state, creating fiction to support its endeavors: “Comrade Ogilvy, unimagined an hour ago, was now a fact … he would exist just as authentically … as Charlemange and Julius Caesar.” (1984, p54) As the book progresses he becomes more aware of his individuality and eventually is unable to hide it. Similarly in Fahrenheit 451, Montag becomes aware of problems with his society, but not logically - emotionally. It disturbs him greatly when a medical team that helps his wife appear and disappear within a matter of minutes: “There are too many of us, he thought. There are billions of us and that’s too many. Nobo...
"The Universal Declaration of Human Rights." The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada, n.d. Web. 03 May 2014.
Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World introduces us to a futuristic technological world where monogamy is shunned, science is used in order to maintain stability, and society is divided into 5 castes consisting of alphas(highest), betas, gammas, deltas, and epsilons(lowest). In the Brave New World, the author demonstrates how society mandates people’s beliefs, using many characters throughout the novel. John, a savage, has never been able to fit into society. Moving through two contradicting societies, John is unable to adapt to the major differences of the civilized society due to the different ways upon which it is conducted.
Society Dies When Individuality Dies. Conformity plagues one’s existence and stature in today’s society. Due to government intervention in citizens’ daily lives, many writers have questioned the morality of conformity in a society by the means of control. When control becomes rampant, fascist and totalitarian governments are formed, and because of the rise in fascism and totalitarianism, many people are led to conform to social ideals. Therefore, George Orwell critiques conformity within society through the use of Big Brother, Proles, and Winston.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. (n.d.). United Nations. Retrieved April 18, 2011, from http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/index.shtml
"Universal Declaration of Human Rights." Amnesty International USA - Protect Human Rights. 19 May 2009 .
In Rene Trujillo's book "Human Rights in the 'Age of Discovery,'" the introduction explains the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The Declaration was adopted in 1948 by the United Nations and was ratified by 48 nations. Eleanor Roosevelt was the chair of the commission that wrote it and represented the United States in the United Nations. Most national constitutions incorporate some of the Declaration's principles and human rights organizations think of the Declaration as a kind of constitution, stating rights and freedoms.
The two Authors I chose for this essay are both from the postmodernism period. First is Kurt Vonnegut with his story “Harrison Bergeron”, the theme of his story being that equality in terms of strength, beauty, and intelligence is not what the world needs as it ruins individuality and creativity. Second is John Updike with his story “A&P”, the main theme of Updike’s story is developing and having your own individuality. Although both stories have entirely different approaches, their themes have a common stand point of individuality.
"The Universal Declaration of Human Rights." Welcome to the United Nations: It's Your World. Web. 18 Oct. 2011
In Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, the author depicts a collective society in which everyone has the same values and beliefs. From a young age, the people in the World State’s civilization are conditioned to believe in their motto of “Community, Identity, Stability.” Through hypnopaedia, the citizens of the World State learn their morals, values, and beliefs, which stay with them as they age. However, like any society, there are outsiders who alienate themselves from the rest of the population because they have different values and beliefs. Unfortunately, being an outsider in the World State is not ideal, and therefore there are consequences as a result. One such outsider is John. Brought from the Savage Reservation, John is lead to conform to the beliefs of the World State, thus losing his individuality, which ultimately leads him to commit suicide. Through John and the World State populace as an example, Huxley uses his novel to emphasize his disapproval of conformity over individuality.
The problem is no longer the individual’s discontent with society (as in the 1960s and 1970s), but rather the individual’s discontent with his or her own individuality. We can therefore begin to understand the dichotomy between the two generations that appear in these films: one fought for utopia and clearly saw itself as a protagonist of history; the other, devoid of master narratives, can only cite those master narratives in the form of personal fictions crafted at an unbridgeable distance from the revolutionary moment. The representational vision of the
A general definition of human rights are that they are rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled to, simply because there human. It is the idea that ‘all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.’ The thought that human rights are universal emerges from the philosophical view that human rights are linked to the conservation of human dignity- that respect for individual dignity is needed regardless of the circumstance, leading to the notion that human rights are universal. The earliest form of human rights can be traced back to European history- the French Declaration on the Rights of Man and of Citizen which says that men are born free and equal in rights.
Nations, U. (2013). The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Retrieved November 4, 2013, from United Nations: http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/
Both branches of law evolved from the universal declaration of human rights (UDHR) in 1948, which was adopted by the UN shortly after the end of WWII. This international effort came as a response to the ethical obligations to seek better recognition and respect to the states’ obligations towards their people. International Human Rights law (IHRL) is the set of norms which constitute the social contract between states and their citizens. It was inspired by UDHR and aimed to protect basic rights and fundamental freedoms, and can be found within international treaties and UN conventions. While international