The True Meaning of Terrorism
Think of the word terrorism. What is the first thing that comes to mind? One might think of kidnapping, assassination, bombing, or even genocide and guerrilla warfare. Because it is such a broad and complex issue, an all-encompassing definition is hard to formulate. The United States Department of Defence defines terrorism as…
The calculated use of violence or the threat of violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious or ideological.
Terrorism, then, is a type of political crime that makes use of murder and destruction or the threat of such violence in order to promote change. It is a specific kind of calculated violence with a selected target. Targets can include individuals, groups, communities, or governments. In most cases, excessive violence is used against innocent people which creates a fear that the terrorist can use for coercive purposes. This "fear" is usually directed at someone other than the victim. "In other words, terrorism is a psychological act conducted for its impact on an audience."(1) Since terrorists need publicity to inspire fear, they often seek more unusual events that capture and hold public attention.
Terrorism can be broken down into five main categories; Revolutionary, Political, Nationalistic, Nonpolitical, and State-Sponsored.
"Revolutionary terrorists use violence as a tool to invoke fear in those in power and their supporters."(2) The goal for these terrorists is to implicate a government that would be more compliant to their needs. By using methods such as kidnapping, assassination, and bombing, revolutionary terrorists hope to provoke in...
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...rrorism of genocide. Although the definition of terrorism is hard to pinpoint, I have outlined a general working definition for the purposes of the essay. As outlined, the forms of terrorism are extreme and varied. It is hoped that one day other forms of mediation and political resources will be more widely used and accepted in problem-solving so that acts of terrorism can be prevented and avoided.
Bibliography
Dabrowski, Mariusz, A Comprehensive Introduction To The Phenomenon Of Terrorism http://saber.towson.edu/polsci/ppp/sp97/terror/intro.html 1997.
Distinctions and Varieties of Terrorism http://saber.towson.edu/polsci/ppp/sp97/terror/variety.html
Siegel, Lany & McCormick, Chris. Criminology in Canada Toronto: Nelson 1999.
The Basics of Terrorism, http://www.terrorism.com/terrorism/bpart6.html, Copyright Terrorism Research Center, Inc. 1997
Categorical terrorism, according to Jeff Goodwin, is defined as “the strategic use of violence and threats of violence, usually intended to influence several audiences, by oppositional political groups against civilian or noncombatants who belong to a specific entity, religious or national group, social class or some other collectivity, without regard to their individual identities or roles.” More so, in terms of definition, according to a study done by Jeffrey Record in 2003, there was a count of over 109 definitions of terrorism, covering 22 different categorical elements. During the 70s and 80s, the United Nations struggled to define the term, finally coming up with the following definition: “Criminal acts intended or calculated to provoke a state of terror in the general public, a group of persons or particular persons for political purposes are in any circumstance unjustifiable, whatever the considerations of a political, philosophical, ideological, racial, ethnic, religious or any other nature that may be invoked to justify them.”
I was born into a family with set beliefs on Catholicism. I attended mass from a young age, was baptized in the Catholic Church and was taught the many beliefs of Catholicism. Some of the few beliefs I was taught include The Holy Trinity, teachings of the bible, and the Ten Commandments. For the Site Field Visit assignment, the class was instructed to visit a temple, church, or worship facility that must be outside of our religious background. For my Site Field Visit assignment, I decided to visit the Wat Buddharangsi Buddhist Temple located in Miami. Why did I choose to visit Buddhism instead of Hinduism, or Judaism? The reason I chose Buddhism is because I want to explore new grounds with religion. I will be stepping out of what I have been taught about believing and worshiping gods, same as Hinduism and Judaism, and I want to know about Buddhism, a religion that does not believe in any god.
The concept of Jihad was not widely known in the western world before the terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001. Since then, the word has been woven into what our media and government feed us along with notions of Terrorism, Suicide Bombings, Hamas, Al-Qaeda, Osama Bin Laden, and now, Jihad. Our society hears exhortations resounding from the Middle East calling the people to rise up in Jihad and beat back the imperialist Americans. Yet, if we try to peel back all of these complex layers of information we can we attempt to find out what Jihad really means. Webster’s Dictionary defines Jihad as “a holy war waged on behalf of Islam as a religious duty or a crusade for a principle or belief” (1). Often, media depicts Jihad in the same manner—as a vicious clash between two very different peoples, each of whom believes that righteousness, and in many cases God, is on their side. From this interpretation and our daily media intake, one may reasonably assume that Jihad refers to nothing more than violent acts, or “holy wars.”
In the article “Is Terrorism Distinctively Wrong?”, Lionel K. McPherson criticizes the dominant view that terrorism is absolutely and unconditionally wrong. He argues terrorism is not distinctively wrong compared to conventional war. However, I claim that terrorism is necessarily wrong.
How far is going too far? Imagine a world where an individual’s complete and accurate medical history can be accessed and updated by simply scanning a microchip or radio frequency identification device (RFID) that is implanted into the body. Envision a patient arriving at point-of-care; the chip that is embedding into the patient’s body would be scanned to upload the patients’ health information into the providers’ health information system (HIS). During this encounter, new information would be stored in the HIS. When the patient is discharged, the patient’s up-to-date health information would be uploaded from the HIS to the patients’ microchip. Implanting an electronic health record into every U.S. citizen has its pros and cons; the question contemplated is “We Can But Should We”?
Over the past century, terrorism has advanced from random killings to enormous plans for terrorist groups. To understand terrorism, you must first define it. Terrorism as we all know it is hard to define and understand, and has many different definitions as it is used widely. The word "terrorism" stems from the word "terror", which means to instill fear in. People become terrorists when they take the actions towards instilling fear and terror upon people to prove a certain point or agenda.
“Terrorism involves the use of violence by an organization other than a national government to cause intimidation or fear among a target audience;” at least, this is how Pape (2003) defines terrorism in his article “The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism” (343). The goal of this article by Pape is to discuss suicide terrorism and how it “follows a strategic logic, one specifically designed to coerce modern liberal democracies to make significant territorial concessions” (343). Similar to Pape, Bloom (2004) and Horowitz (2010) also delve into the exponential increase of suicide terrorism and why it occurs. Although Pape, Bloom, and Horowitz concur that suicide terrorism is increasing, they disagree why it is so prominent. While the arguments presented from each of these researchers is powerful and certainly plausible, suicide terrorism is in fact not irrational, but strategic and is most often caused by state occupation and, when organized, aimed specifically at democracies.
Marriage is defined as “(1) the state of being united to a person of the opposite sex as husband or wife in a consensual and contractual relationship recognized by law (2): the state of being united to a person of the same sex in a relationship like that of a traditional marriage ("Marriage," 2003, p. 659). Despite the latter definition’s addition to dictionaries in the past decade, this definition of marriage is still debated. Being a touchy subject in both politics and religion today, it’s been very hard to come to an agreement. There are two main sides to this argument regarding the nature of marriage. Some stick to their conservative and/or religious beliefs, while others state that marriage is a civil right (Kim, 2011, p. [Page 38]). However, same-sex marriage is not legally recognized in North Carolina and thirty-two other states at this time ("Defining Marriage: State Defense," 2014). Homosexuals have been denied many of the rights given to those that are heterosexual. Same-sex couples are not able to receive other benefits as a heterosexual couple would. The lack of benefits is extremely unequal and unfair. This unacceptable treatment is unconstitutional and should not continue.
Microchips exist everywhere in our society, and are used by everyone at anytime. Today’s technology is so advance that even a tiny microchip can trace someone’s track. When you are using your cellphone with the GPS system, have you realize that you are being monitored for 24/7 by someone you have never met before in your whole life? Nowadays, Radio-Frequency Identification, also known as RFID tags, are commonly used by corporations as a tool on product tracking. They claim that the purpose of the RFID tags are to improve supply-chain efficiency, cut theft, and to guarantee that brand-name products are authentic, not counterfeit (Lewan). Privacy of the consumers, however, has been invaded due to the usage of these tags. Not only the companies have your private information in their database, any other third parties would be able to access that information without your authorization. Moreover, the radio frequency that releases from the tags will reveal your location, that means, every movement that you make is being watched. With the existence of RFID tags in our society, every part of your life would be able to discover by someone else. When these tags are no longer in use, consumers will not be afraid of the disclosure of their private information while purchasing their favorite products.
The Relationship of Security, Privacy, Trust, Cost, and Supplier Technical Support to the Adoption of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technology
First off, an eating disorder is defined as the “deadliest mental illness”, according to the Victorian of Newport Beach. It is primarily associated with three major types of disorders: Anorexia Nervosa, Binge Eating, and Bulimia Nervosa. Each sickness has its own side effects, as they all involve different methods of consumption, but all can result in death due to heart failure. The first disorder listed, Anorexia Nervosa, or simply anorexia, is the restriction of nutritional intake in the form of food to the point of starvation. Sufferers of anorexia are called anorexic, and are typically extremely underweight. Next on the list, the intake of abnormally massive amounts of foodstuff, either in a single sitting or throughout the day, is known as Binge Eating. Those affected by Binge Eating are generally overweight or obese. Finally, Bulimia Nervosa is the ingestion of food, normally in large amounts similar to that of a binge eater, followed by a form of purging. Purging can be either vomiting, abuse of laxatives, excessive exercise, or fasting (Cowley).
There is no set definition for terrorism, this is because each country have a different definition of terrorism, but it is commonly recognized as violence from groups with political, religious or ideological ideas. Terrorism tries to bring about change with violence and their targets are usually unsuspecting civilians. However, freedom fighters understand terrorism to be violence against the government and government policy to bring about political, and social change to better their way of life. There are two major category of terrorism, International and Domestic terrorism (Yancey, 2006).
For many years professional athletes, as well as those striving to become professional athletes have turned to supplements. According to an Article in the Journal of Romanian Sports Medicine Society, the use of natural herbs has been traced back to the Ancient Olympic games of Greece, where competitors consumed infused herbs and mushrooms in an effort to enhance their performance (Mazzeo, Filomena; Ascione, Antonio 2013). The promise of enhanced performance, greater power, and super natural strength has driven many to the dark side of the ergogenic world. The use of ergogenic aids of any type, brings about many differences of opinion and is the topic of great debates the entire world. Ergogenic aids may in fact be one of the few topics that raise eyebrows worldwide. So what exactly is an Ergogenic aid?
In today’s society most people have become very attached to their cell phones. Cell phone has become a large part of people's lives because it helps people with everyday task such as communicating and keeping in touch with others. According to Weller (2012), people who have strong attachment to their phones are more likely to use it often. People use their cell phone everywhere they go, even while driving. However, the main problem with using cellphones in a car causes distraction to people. Taking on the cellphone while driving can cause people to react slower to changes in their environment, such as swerving. A few seconds of looking down can be the moment were someone pull out in front of another car. According to "Harvard Center for Risk Analysis approximately 2,600 die each year as a result of using cell phone while driving" (as cited in Wu & Weseley, 2013, p.x…….). The more people use their cell phone while driving, the more likely it can create an accident. Cellphones are great for communicating with people, but they pose a risk. Using a cellphone while driving can effect attention and decrease driving performance, more than any other.
Financial Management has a lot to do with the duties of the financial manager working in a business. Their function can come in two approaches; one being an executive finance function which involved mainly decisions, the second is the routine finance function. These could be such things as supervision of cash receipts, safeguarding of cash balances, and custody of valuable documents, mechanical details of financing, record, reporting to top management and supervising fixed and current assets. For a financial manager, it is important to approve or reject the lines of credit, and commercial, real estate, and personal loans. There is so much that a financial manager is responsible for, and the decisions they make can also make or break a bank. It’s important for them to develop and analyze information to insure that the company is doing well and can finance another loan as well as look as making decisions to ensure company growth and profitability. The major goal of a financial manager should be to maximize the value per share of existing stock. To maximize value per share, also motivates the capital-budgeting decision rules, and firms will then only accept projects if they add value to the firm. Our Chief Financial Officer is Kenneth S Avner who is stationed out of Illinois. Ken Avner is responsible for decision-making processes related to product pricing, experience analysis, financial strategy, financial reporting, budgets, cost accounting, tax, receivables, disbursements, underwriting, travel, administrative services and procurement. I am not sure how all this comes down to New Mexico. I do see that our New Mexico President, Kurt Shipley has duties of financial management in the New Mexico Region, who I might add, is a certified...