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Socioeconomic status and academic achievement
Socioeconomic factors that affect mental health
Socioeconomic status and academic achievement
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Most Difficult: What one topic/concept did you find most difficult to understand in this reading? The one topic that was most difficult was The Socioeconomic Context. Explain where you got stuck? Display what you DO understand. Where I got stuck in the topic was when the book switched from Socioeconomic Context to Socioeconomic status, abbreviated to SES. I understood how this concept work from the examples of the U.S families having a baby and the mother having no income and the father having some income would make them fall into the position of their SES being low wage earner. I also understood that income wasn’t the only thing that defined SES but also poverty. Explain how you tried to resolve it (e.g., went to a .edu/.gov./.org website, …show more content…
read a journal article, etc. – explain what you found). I searched up from Socioeconomic Context and Socioeconomic status and I found on http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles that Human brain development happens within a socioeconomic context and childhood socioeconomic status (which is SES) influences neural development.
This is particularly of the systems that sub-serve language and executive function. I found that Research in humans and in animal models have implicated prenatal factors, parent–child interactions and cognitive stimulation in the home environment in the effects of SES on neural development. These findings provide a unique opportunity for understanding how environmental factors can lead to individual differences in brain development, and for improving the programs and policies that are designed to alleviate SES related disparities in mental health and academic achievement. A measure of one’s overall status and position in society, strongly influences an individual’s experiences from childhood and through adult life is what Socioeconomic status (SES) is. Research is beginning to shed light on the mechanisms through which experiences in the social world during early childhood affect the structure and function of the brain. I looked through that growing up in a family with low SES is associated with substantially worse health and impaired psychological well-being, and impaired cognitive and emotional development throughout the …show more content…
lifespan. Go further: What is a question that remains for you, or a new question that you have? If poverty was a low SES, then what would retired people like our parents be? Most Interesting: What one topic/concept was the most interesting thing you learned in this reading? The one topic I found interesting was Ecological Systems because of the layers of circles and how those layers have family and friends and such within them. Explain the topic/concept as you understand it. The Ecological Systems theory identifies five environmental systems with which an individual interacts.
The five systems are the Chronosystem, Macrosystem, Exosystem, Mesosystems, and the Microsystems. The Microsystem is the system closest to the person and the one in which they have direct contact. The Mesosystem is the interactions between the different parts of a person’s microsystem. The Exosystem is a setting that does not involve the person as an active participant, but still affects them. The Macrosystem is the cultural environment in which the person lives and all other systems that affect them. The Chronosystem is the dimension of time in relation to a person’s development and is my favorite system out of all of them because time is what’s affecting
you. Explain why it was interesting to you. I thought it was interesting because I got to see all the systems that affect me, my life, and what’s in that specific system. Clearly apply the concept to your life or your world. My parents were refugees of the war in their country and had to flee to a different country to be and feel safe. After fleeing my mom gave birth and had me but my parents lost a lot of money and influenced me as a child from being born to a poor family, making me work harder every day.
Children are influenced by a wide variety of things whether it may be the media that teaches children how to behave or their peers who shape them to be socially acceptable, or maybe even their parents who raised them to discover their own identity. But while there are many obvious influences in a child’s life, there is one that is subtle than the rest: the surrounding environment that the children grew up in, more specifically the neighborhood’s socioeconomic status. Socioeconomic status (SES) is a measure or position of a person’s economic and sociological work experience on a hierarchical social structure in relation to others based on income, education, and occupation (The American Heritage® New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition, n.d.). It is hard to believe that a neighborhood’s SES has an influence to children but according to Tama Leventhal and Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, both of whom are experts in neighborhood context, adolescent context, and individual and community socioeconomic status, concluded that a neighborhood’s socioeconomic status does affect a child’s academic achievement and cognitive abilities.
The development of children can depend on many factors, one of the important ones being socioeconomic status (SES). SES can be defined as a multidimensional construct, including measures of social factors such as power, prestige and hierarchical social status, and economic resources (Hackman and Farah, 2009). Child development can be studied from multiple dimensions such as physical, mental, social, and emotional development among others. For the purposes of this study, I will be focusing on how socioeconomic status affects child cognitive development.
In our culture, money, status, and social power all play a part in how individuals think that others perceive them. There is growing evidence that shows the link between socioeconomic status and unhealthy psychological outcomes in mental health. When looking at higher levels of socioeconomic status for youth it shows a more positive and healthy psychological outcome for youth and their mental health. Studies have shown that there are higher rates of attempted suicide, cigarette smoking and engaging in episodic heavy drinking (“Pardon Our Interruption”). Other studies have shown that lower levels of socioeconomic status have been linked to emotional and behavioral difficulties, like anxiety, depression, attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorders (“Pardon Our
The first term, ascribed status plays a large role in the analysis. For example, it is the social status a person is assigned at birth or assumed involuntarily later in life. It is a position that is neither earned nor chosen, but assigned. This term depicts the two families immensely. The mother and father in both families came from poor backgrounds and lived through struggle their entire lives. This plays a large role in life because it already puts you behind people who come from successful backgrounds. It is not easy to work your way back out of poverty if you were born into it. Nobody asks to live that way, but some are just assigned to live that way, and cannot do anything about it to fix it.
In 2010, about 46.2 million people were considered poor. The nation’s poverty rate rose to 15.1 percent, whereas in 2009, 14.3 percent of people in America were living in poverty (Censky, 2011). That is an increase of 2.6 million people in 2010. In the United States, the federal poverty line – an absolute measure of annual income – is frequently used to determine who is categorized as poor (Ferris & Stein, 2008, 2010). Currently the government defines the poverty line as an income of $11,139 for an individual and $22,314 for a family of four (Censky, 2011). In sociology, poverty can be defined using two terms – relative deprivation and absolute deprivation. Relative deprivation is a comparison between people and social class. With relative deprivation, people are considered poor if their standard of living is less than that of other members of society (Ferris & Stein, 2008, 2010). Absolute deprivation is an objective measure of poverty, whereby people are considered poor because he or she is incapable to meet minimal fundamentals such as food, shelter, health care and material objects. Is it difficult to participate in society for those who live in an impoverished life? Many would say that people living in poverty are behind in our cultural movement; that he or she lack the essentials to be on an equal level with the rest of society. Many theories have been applied to the issue of poverty with controversy over how and if the poverty problem should be addressed. Inequality, homelessness, and the idea of the American dream also has an influence on poverty.
The documentary Social Class in America depicts the impact of ascribed social status in the United States. We follow three boys, born at the same hospital, who live relatively close together geographically. We learn as we follow the boys throughout their life that although they have the same legal and Constitutional rights, they are not born “equal.” The child in the working class is born to a father who is employed at the local factory at the lowest level doing manual labor. Being an unskilled factory worker, the father rents part of a home which functions as the family residence in a run-down section of town. The middle class family’s dad also works at the factory, doing a desk job. Although there is little room for advancement in his
After reading the chapter, the four sociological perspectives pointed out different reasons to why there is economic/income inequality and poverty in their own way. Realistically, there are a numerous amount of explanations that respond to the issues with growing income disparities within developed countries. However, the different combination of discrepancies that exists along the lines of what it is that causes income disparities and who considers it to be one is complex. Although Nordic countries have a lower income disparity than the developed country’s it does not necessarily mean that they are free from inequality either.
We measure health so that we are aware of what illness are the most common in a certain area for example Walsall. By measuring health and illness we are able to find out what types of people are affected by a particular illness and the social group that it affects are categorised into. There are many ways of measuring health and illness for example it is usually measure in different social groups for example age, gender, ethnicity and location. Health and illness can also be measured in surveys, for example in local areas you might be asked to complete a survey or questionnaires in a hospital about your current health condition. Hospitals, clinic and doctors surgeries also
In recent years, policy makers, service providers, and researchers, have emphasised the importance of early intervention programs to promote development in young children. In this essay, I shall review and evaluate research that is focused on the development of children's cognitive abilities, particularly research that is focused on children from low Socio-economic status (SES) environments. I will focus on two types of cognitive outcomes assessed in the literature, specifically general cognitive ability, and, literacy and numeracy skills. I will examine literature that has a strong focus on environmental effects as the main causal element that impacts a child's cognitive development, then turn to research that has a stronger focus on the role that genetics play, not only in the developing cognitive abilities of children, but also its link to SES. I will suggest that, although environmental factors do need to be investigated, and play a role in a child's development, research that places little or no emphasis on genetics is overlooking a vital aspect of children's development, thus ultimately deficient, and has the potential to result in less helpful policy for intervention strategies. Furthermore, as the results of research that focuses on the genetics of cognitive development and SES are more widely accepted, and integrated into developmental programs and policy, there will be greater potential to close the gaps between the abilities of different children, as a greater understanding of personalised education can lead to its more successful application.
In reading for this assignment, I noticed that one of the first points the author makes deals with the effects of socioeconomic status on use of technology and the media. On pg 424 the author states, “One’s social position, the context of one’s use, and one’s online abilities then all have the potential to influence the types of uses to which one puts the medium.” This means that how tech savvy an individual is can indicate their social background, as well as the knowledge and skills they may have because of it. Prior to this point, the author gives the example of technological equipment and how its quality demonstrates just one of the many results of socioeconomic status. This is important because it shows how those with higher socioeconomic status tend to have more of an advantage than others, specifically in the workplace, which requires individuals to be more familiar with the technology and
The reality of the conversation that I had with my parents that night allowed me not only to realize my gender, but realize what it meant to be a man. My dad had taken on the responsibility of financial advising, emotional stronghold, all time driver, caretaker of the farm, provider, father, and husband for as long as I had been alive. I realized all the things that my dad had taken care of for the past fourteen years was now my responsibility, even if only for a weekend. The beginning years of my life, my father and I weren’t that close, but after this moment, I enraptured that feeling of being trusted by my dad to do his job. In this lifetime, we all have responsibilities that must be taken care of for this world to continue on as we know it. After being able to look into your life and realize who you are and who you
Socioeconomic status has played a vital roles in affecting ones’ experience in all aspects from culture to daily life experience. Furthermore, it has the most impact toward the low income individuals. For example, in psychotherapy research, low income individuals are mostly invisible and diminished which lead to our little or no knowledge about their personal experience in the therapy setting. In such a setting, Thompson, Cole and Nitzarim (2012) investigated for further understanding about the relationship between social class and therapy experiences of low income clients.
Jason lives with his parents and his four year old brother. His grandparents live on the same street a few houses down. Jason’s grandparents are very involved in his life. His grandmother is trying to teach him how to read and write in Arabic. Jason has said that it is hard to learn. When talking about learning how to write in Arabic, Jason makes the motion of moving his hand right to left which is how Arabic is written. Jason shows he knows the difference from writing right to left in Arabic and left to write in English. Jason still receives treatment monthly for his illness which results in school absences. Jason plays soccer in his down time.
A high-level definition of sociology is the study of society and human behavior; yet, taking a deeper dive, it is the “study of groups and group interactions, societies and social interactions, from small and personal groups to very large groups” (Keirns et al., 2015, p. 6). Sociologists observe these groups by the means of the sociological perspective, which involves looking at particular behaviors and drawing conclusions from them like never before. When executed correctly one can derive a deeper grasp of behavior. Utilizing your sociological imagination you are able to theorize how one’s macro-level, the broader aspects of life such as family, and their micro-level, the individuals self, fuse to form the person they are. Applying my sociological
Before I read the chapter on social class, I thought social class was a category about people who are put into class by how much money they make; you are either poor or rich. However, there is much more regarding social class than I had originally thought. Social class it separated into a four tier criteria. Beginning at the bottom is the “lower class”, or “underclass” which is referred to by poverty, homeless, and unemployment. This class, usually hasn’t finished high school, doesn’t have medical care and can’t afford sufficient housing. Many people mischaracterize these poor people as mothers who abuse the welfare system by baring several babies that they can’t afford and fathers who are able to work but do not due to drug addiction or their