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The rise of the Romanov dynasty
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The Romanov Rule in Russia The Romanovs had ruled Russia since 1613. When the last tsar of all, Nicholas II, was appointed to the throne in 1894, there was no hint of the fate that awaited him. Many among the huge crowds that lined the streets for his coronation celebration saw him as their "little father." They believed God had supposedly appointed Nicholas to rule an empire covering about one-sixth of the earth's land area. In 1894, Russia was at peace. Foreign investors promoted its industrialization. Russia was ranked among the world's greatest powers under the autocracy of the Romanovs. Although well intentioned, Nicholas was a weak ruler, out of touch with his people, easily dominated by others and a firm believer in the autocratic principles taught him by his father. He ruled Russia as an autocrat. Propaganda and the teachings of the Russian Orthodox Church encouraged his people to love and respect their tsar and look on him as a father who had the right to rule them. Nicholas II ruled a police state, called the okhrana, which responded brutally to anyone who dared question his authority. He had absolute power. He declared the law and could overrule any existing law. Political parties were illegal until 1905. There was no parliament until 1906 and even then, Russia was... ... middle of paper ... ... them instead. Demands for changes in the government finally resulted in the abdication of Nicholas II and his son on March 15. Over three centuries of Romanov rule were at an end. In the summer of 1918, the Russian royal family was imprisoned in Ektaerinburg in the Ural Mountains. On July 1918, soldiers ordered the family down to the cellar to face a firing squad. In conclusion, even though Nicholas's objectives were different, but his position was greatly affected by lack of care for the people, growth of political and social parties, growth of industrializations, involvement in World War I, increased hardships and poverty and his self obsession, as at times his reforms didn't seem to work. His loss of power could have been ignored if he responded at the right time to the problems that his peoples were facing.
In 1900, Russia was an autocracy led by a Tsar who had a total control over the country. The Tsar was Nicholas II. Along with his family and all other nobles, he was very wealthy and lived in luxury. Other wealthy groups of people were: Ÿ Upper class- Church leaders and lesser nobles. Ÿ Commercial class- Bankers, factory workers all known as capitalists.
Nicholas was an inadequate leader, the film shows this by portraying him as a man who put his family first, who was too stubborn to appoint a Duma and who didn’t want to be in power. The film implies that this insufficient leadership is what led to the collapse of the old regime however what it doesn’t put enough focus on is the fact that Russia was behind when it came to industrialisation. This too was a major contributing factor that led to the collapse of the old regime. Tsar Nicholas II was a family man who put his family before the wellbeing of the country.
Russia's industries were beginning to develop and the number of people living in towns was increasing. These people were the urban working class of Russia and they were not as eager to accept the poor wages and conditions as the peasants were.
Shortages of basic human necessities led to countless subsistence riots and the eventual power struggle between the ruling body and its people. From the beginnings of WWI to 1916, prices of essential goods rose 131 percent in Moscow and more than 150 percent in Petrograd. Additionally, historian Walter G. Moss stated that in September 1915 that “there were 100,000 strikers in Russia; in October 1916, there were 250,000 in Petrograd alone.” Moss continues to exemplify the increasing evidence of social unrest and connects the riots to a lack of resources when he goes on to point out that “subsistence riots protesting high prices and shortages.... ... middle of paper ...
The More Autocratic Tsar out of Alexander III and Nicholas II Pobedonostsev, who instilled in them strong beliefs in autocracy and nationalism, which were reflected throughout their reign, tutored both Tsars'. When comparing the two Tsars', the impact on the political and social system is significant and hints at which Tsar was more autocratic. Alexander and Nicholas were both autocratic politically, but Alexander was keener to uphold Autocracy. This involved setting up the Okhrana, as well as tightening censorship laws. Nicholas on the other hand made a significant impact on Russian history by introducing democracy to the Russian people, through the October Manifesto.
The Romanov Empire had reign the Russian Empire for about 300 years before Nicholas II became the monarch. Unfortunately, the new Tsar of Russia was also advised by Konstantin Pobedonostsev, who promoted autocracy, condemned elections, representation and democracy, the jury system, the press, free education, charities, and social reforms; an outdated ideology by the turn of the twentieth century. Although Nicholas II possessed some skills that would have been advantageous as the leader but, overall he was not suitable to be the Tsar of Russia. Even though Czar Nicholas II implemented limited reform that were beneficial for the empire; there were more fiascos during his reign thus lies the collapse of the Romanov Empire on his political skill,
Throughout history there have been many odd characters. Russian history was not excluded. Grigory Rasputin, who was an assistant to the Royal Russian family, was an unusual man.
Grigory Rasputin was born into a Russian Orthodox family and grew up in a mainly Russian Orthodox town named Pokrovskoye, Siberia. In the late 1890’s Rasputin went on a religious journey to the Verkhoturye Monastery in Siberia. At Verkhoturye Monastery, Rasputin was introduced to a fellow Russian monk who greatly influenced Rasputin’s ways and convinced Rasputin to stop drinking, smoking, and stop his carnivorous habits. After his visit to the monastery, Rasputin was officially considered a strannik, which is a Russian religious pilgrim. After returning home from Verkhoturye, Rasputin was noticed by his fellow peers and family as a changed man with holy and or mystical powers. Around 1898, Rasputin claimed to see Our Lady of Kazan (also called the Theotokos of Kazan) who is the Russian Orthodox version of the Virgin Mary whom is supposed to protect the city of Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia. Rasputin had supposedly witnessed a theophany of the Virgin Mary as the Russian Orthodox Church views the Virgin Mary as a holy being. After seeing Our Lady of Kazan, Rasputin then began his journey of religious mysticism.
How Far Nicholas the Second was Responsible for the Collapse of the Tsarist Regime For the duration of Tsarist autocracy, Russia was considered by far the most rampant of all European nations. Under indispensable law, the despotic Tsar would be the solitary power ruling over all of the Russian empire. Equipped with such an immense power, the ability for an individual Tsar to practice articulate policies and rule efficiently was critical to Russia’s survival. Under a coherent and an unwavering leader, one such as Alexander III, Russia had enough demeanor and agility to prosper as a nation. However the succession of his heir, Nicholas II brought with it a ruler who proved to be both weak and indecisive.
The Late-Tsarist period in Russia is popular in the state’s history in that it was during this time that serfdom was abolished, that is around the early 1860s. Before this era, serfdom was legal and practiced in the traditional Russian systems. Serfdom was an ideology of the late 1640s which gave to landowners the power to override the lives of their peasant serfs (workers) as long as they lived on their land. Serfdom’s legal powers included denial of movement from the landlord’s place, and freedom in acquiring as much service as a landlord could demand. Thus defined, it can be concluded that it was a form of slavery. It is for these reasons that the following study text will evaluate the aftereffects of the 1861 emancipation, and what Russia became after it.
Despite the shift in government after their fall, the Romanovs had placed an imprint in Russia that still to this day, carries an importance in the vast geographically intimidating nation. Power was established to the Romanov family when young Mikhail was appointed tsar by the boyars, Russian nobility, in 1613. Persistence by the elders to accept the title or be punished by God, Mikhail took the position and led Russia into an era of reform and prosperity. Russia entered into a successful stage in the agricultural industry and because of his family actions, manufactories boomed which enhanced economic circulation, putting Russia at the forefront of businesses and work. Not only did the family open up employment and succeeded in stabilizing the economy from the inside, but as well as provided the people the opportunity in participating in foreign markets, and created an all Russian trade area.
Tsar Nicholas II was a major symbol of an autocratic government, a centralized government where an individual had all the power, and also failed to solve Russia’s economic and agricultural issues (Doc. 1). The Tsar’s desire to enter WWI also pushed the nation further into experiencing a revolution. Due to his inability to stabilize the country, riots and strikes arose and in the February
on or not. It is impossible to say how much effect the war had of the
without vicious threats and action from the government. In 1894 the Tsar Nicholas 2nd was crowned. He was to start an autocracy leadership in which he ruled alone. The Tsar had great support from the Catholics because he declared he had divine right. therefore meaning he was put on earth by God to rule the people.
Alexander II used very little. He had emancipated the serfs, created the zemstva and allowed freedom of religion. Alexander III most resembled Stalin by using the most central controls. He also increased the power of his Predecessors secret police, renaming them the Okrana. The Okrana were similar to Stalin’s secret police (NKVD.) Both were violent against minority groups and Russian’s opposing the state.