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Drug use of the 1960s
Drug use of the 1960s
The American drug culture
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The people who were questioning society and the government needed to find a new light to look upon things due to the problems that arose during the 60s, like the JFK assassination. Drug use was portrayed as hip rather than destructive. Their solution was to explore different types of drugs. In the early 60's new methods of producing drugs became cheaper and therefore more prominent. The most common was LSD, a chemical discovered in 1943 by Swiss chemist Albert Hofmann. LSD let people look at things with the different angle their psychedelic trance allowed them. LSD was originally available in tablet form, but once it was declared illegal they started looking for new ways to use it such as; liquid acid, via oral, in the eyeball, or mucous
membrane entry, liquid acid put on blotter paper and mixing it with other drugs. Marijuana also became an obvious choice. Despite the fact that it was illegal, many people were willing to try it. During the 60s many nicknames were created also. And others felt that by tripping, they could have better contact with their deities, to do so, they used magic mushrooms. Colorful fashions, several art movements and of course the incredible outpouring of musical talents arose in the 1960's due to the impact of psychedelic drugs, such as the beatles, the byrds, the doors, jefferson airplane and the grateful dead. Having such open minds, hippies were the ones who experimented with and experienced the insights these drugs provide. Hippies didn’t think about the consequences, such as acne, blindness, sterility and worst. They just wanted to get high and have a new experience, thinking about freedom and rebellion, mainly because it was cool.
During a visit to Mexico, Gordon Wasson, a mycologist, discovered the use of psilocybin mushroom in spiritual ceremonies by Indian tribes. Upon experiencing the spiritual and hallucinatory effects of the mushroom, Wasson returned to the area accompanied by an experienced mycologist, Roger Heim, who managed to cultivate the mushroom once in France and send samples of it to the scientist who had discovered lysergic acid, Albert Hoffman. From the mushrooms, Hoffman successfully isolated two compounds which he further named psilocybin and psilocin. Analogs of these compounds were further synthesized and were employed mainly for psychotherapeutic uses. Many tests on psilocybin were made at Harvard University in the early 1960’s. However, along with LSD, psilocybin became a scheduled substance in 1970, making it illegal. During this time, psilocybin mushrooms became a part of the psychedelic and hippy movement and were used for recreational and spiritual purposes. Research on psilocybin ended in the late 1980’s because of strict rules imposed by the government but recently scientist have started researching on this chemical once more.
The use of cocaine had reached a worrying numbers in contrast to that of the early 1970s.
Art influenced by drugs faces a unique challenge from the mainstream: prove its legitimacy despite its "tainted" origins. The established judges of culture tend to look down upon drug-related art and artists, as though it is the drug and not the artist that is doing the creating. This conflict, less intense but still with us today, has its foundations in the 1960s. As the Beatnik, Hippie, and psychedelic movements grew increasing amounts of national attention, the influence of drugs on culture could no longer be ignored by the mainstream. In an age where once-prolific drugs like marijuana and cocaine had become prohibited and sensationalized, the renewed influence of drugs both old and new sent shockwaves through the culture base. The instinctual response of the non-drug-using majority was to simply write drug-influenced art off as little more than the ramblings of madmen. Some drug-influenced artists tried to ignore this preconception, and others tried to downplay their drug use in the face of negative public scrutiny. For some drug-influenced artists, however, it was imperative to gain popular acceptance by publicly challenging the perception and preconceptions of mainstream America.
This was an inexpensive way to forget about the terror and traumatizing events going on. Soon after the news was brought back to the United States that the soldiers were consuming and abusing these drugs, the military suppressed the drugs. After the ban of the drugs, soldiers would then try to find another way to discard the stress and forget about what went on on battlefield for a little while. After the soldiers made their homecoming, many had problems adjusting without these drugs. This then put a damper on the stable lifestyle they once had, along with their relationships with others. With some struggling to adjust back to society back home, some continued to do drugs to cope with the pain. This led to many soldiers realizing they had symptoms of PTSD, as doing the drugs didn’t take away the frustration and agony from the war (Hochgesang). A high percentage of the veterans that had PTSD, were abusers of the drugs while in Vietnam and back
Drug use and abuse is as old as mankind itself. Human beings have always had a desire to eat or drink substances that make them feel relaxed, stimulated, or euphoric. Wine was used at least from the time of the early Egyptians; narcotics from 4000 B.C.; and medicinal use of marijuana has been dated to 2737 B.C. in China. But it was not until the nineteenth century that the active substances in drugs were extracted. There was a time in history when some of these newly discovered substances, such as morphine, laudanum, cocaine, were completely unregulated and prescribed freely by physicians for a wide variety of ailments.
LSD stands for Iysergic acid diethylamide. LSD is a hallucinate know to be the most powerful drug of this kind. LSD is commonly known as acid. This drug changes a person’s mental state by distorting the perception of reality to the point where at high doses hallucination occurs. Acid is derived from a fungus that grows on rye and other grains. It is semi-synthetic. It’s manufactured chemically in illicit laboratories, except for a small percent, which is produced legally for research.
The general mindset of the 1960’s San Francisco scene is well summarized by Reebee Garafalo in his book Rockin’ Out: Popular Music in the USA when he states: “For the counterculture, the focus on mind-expanding drugs seemed to offer the possibility of greater self-awareness and consciousness, which would in turn lead to a world without war, competition, or regimentation.” The concept of expanding the mind in order to achieve a peaceful, utopian world naturally lends itself to the consumption of drugs. The image of half naked, marijuana smoking hippies dancing around in the park comes to mind when one thinks of the late 60’s Haight-Ashbury scene. Drugs help tremendously in creating an altered state, making one oblivious to the outside world. A great deal of the music was preaching peace, love,...
Bruce Langhorne, a guitarist for Bob Dylan, had this to say about drugs in the 1960s, “The spread of the drug culture. It was when everybody got high, and you knew that all of your brothers and sisters got high” (Personal Communication, 2014). Men and women used drugs to explore new and unknown paths of freedom. Today, many people still seek drugs for that sense of freedom. Drugs allowed people to “look at things with the different angle their psychedelic trance allowed them” (University of Minnesota, 2014). Marijuana, a common drug even today, became a widely used drug among the middle class in the 60s (University of Virginia, 2014). It was sought out for a quick buzz. With limited restrictions on drugs, more and more people tried them. When laws were finally put into place to stop the consumption of harmful substances, too many people were hooked on the idea of a buzz or on the drugs themselves. Many people today look back at the sixties and think that since some drugs were once legal, it’s okay in our society to use those substances. This is one of the reasons why marijuana is so popular. We look to the past to determine our future, and unfortunately, when people think of the 1960s, they remember drugs. That substance abuse still affects us to this
1914 was a change for these drugs it was like overnight these drugs become illegal. The reason for this change in 1914 wa... ... middle of paper ... ... ment. When they modified the treatment they hinder the ability to identify the effective parts of this treatment.
Robison, Jennifer. “Decades of Drug Use: Data from the '60s and'70s.” 2 July 2002. Gallup, Inc. 28 March 2011.
population from doing the same? In the 60's and 70's, drug use was never spoken
LSD, which was the catalyst for psychedelic music, was discovered on April 16, 1943, by Albert Hofmann. For months he had been studying ergot, a fungus that grows on rye, and synthesizing lysergic acid for possible use to help migraines. On his twenty-fifth try, he made LSD-25, and after his work he began to feel dizzy. He assumed he had the flu, so he went home. “I perceived an uninterrupted stream of fantastic pictures, extraordinary shapes with intense kaleidoscopic play of colors,” Hofmann wrote in his biography LSD, My Problem Child. “After some two hours, this condition faded away.” He then knew that it was not the flu that made him dizzy, so he tried LSD again and got the same results. After this, he and his staff began to use LSD on themselves and soon
Drug use and abuse is as old as mankind itself. Human beings have always had a desire to eat or drink substances that make them feel relaxed, stimulated, or euphoric. Humans have used drugs of one sort or another for thousands of years. Wine was used at least from the time of the early Egyptians; narcotics from 4000 B.C.; and medicinal use of marijuana has been dated to 2737 BC in China.
LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) is one of the major drugs making up the hallucinogen class. LSD was discovered in 1938 and is one of the most potent mood-