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Economic causes of the french revolution
Economic causes of the french revolution
Women during the french revolution
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France in 1793, was in a chaotic state. The masses of people that went against the aristocrats had enough of the old policies. The Estate voiced their laws and policies during the early days of ‘Republicanism’. Thus the Third Estate embodied the enlightened principles of “equality, liberty, and fraternity”. The Third Estate formed a National Convention and prevailed with radical ideologies. The Third Estate wanted these laws so desperately that they relied on the corrupt “Committee of Public Safety”, to evoke terror towards the opposing forces in France in order to establish the new laws and policies. France was suffocating. The country didn’t have enough funds or food to sustain the population. So the elites stayed wealthy and fed; only …show more content…
The most radical club; was an all women club called the Society of Revolutionary Republic Women. The radical intent by this group is shown in the petition they drew up in May 19, 1793, “the country is in the most imminent danger; if you want to save it, the most energetic measures must be taken. . . .”. This group wanted change. These women did not take their conspirators lightly and everyone who opposes the Republic should face a tribunal. They demanded justice, a tribunal. Trial would not suffice, that all traitors should be flogged to death. The group wanted profiteers to be disposed, “Exterminate all these scoundrels”. The Republicans would only be satisfied by the execution of oppressors. The principle of “Liberty” was still in the hearts of the French and this would never fade away. As a result of all this turbulence that the women groups caused, the decree to suppress all women clubs commenced. The women would not stop and became mere militants. Men were worried that this would cause havoc. A decree formed, “No person of either sex may constrain any citizen or citizeness to dress in a particular manner”. This decree was announced because the Convention wanted to keep the status quo for the public. The Convention also decreed that no women should participate in political clubs and all women clubs are taboo. The Convention were still agrarian when it came to women, they needed to show strength and …show more content…
Also that they would be allowed to execute people who didn’t follow the decrees the republic declared. Robespierre the president of the Committee of Public Safety, allowed the people to delegate. The Republic mass worried about the lords plotting to starve the people. The delegates argued that these laws are prosperous but don’t have the power behind it. That even with the army and the new laws that these crimes and domestic criminals will pursue, the only way was a tribunal force. A delegate named Billaud-Varenne said, “If revolutions drag on, it is because only half measures are taken.”. Republicans didn’t want to let things go, they wanted to act. The people wanted guns and wanted “Liberty”. The Republicans granted the “Law of Suspects”, this accepted the advent of tribunals used on conspirators and those who are guilty of treason. People who were suspected, had to show traits of feudalism or tyrannical behaviours. Also those who weren’t patriotic enough or even formal nobles that don’t show enthusiasm. Almost anyone the Committee deemed to be a traitor was sent to the tribunal. The Republic forced their laws through morbid fashion. Finally, the Republic dealt the “Maximum Law”. This law would perish all the problems that republicans about sustainability. That all the basic commodities would have a maximum price. The price cap would give the people the chance to afford the
Liberty, equality, and freedom are all essential parts to avoiding anarchy and maintaining tranquility even through the most treacherous of times. The Reign of Terror is well known as the eighteen month long French Revolution (1793-1794). In this period of time, a chief executive, Maximilien Robespierre, and a new French government executed gigantic numbers of people they thought to be enemies of the revolution, inside and outside of the country. The question is: were these acts of the new French government justified? Not only are the acts that occurred in the Reign of Terror not justified, they were barbaric and inhumane.
First, the Jacobin leader Robespierre’s tried to protect the revolution but this plan backfired. It backfired because immediately after the publication of this decree, all suspected persons within the territory
The Prussians and Australians were fighting against the revolution to keep their king and to not have the ideas of the revolutions (Doc C). So in turn Robespierre declared a military draft where all adult males would be forced by the Levee en Masse where the Vendee region in France were totally against (Doc B). Rightfully so as well considering the fact that when Robespierre declared for the draft the threat had practically been stopped and so there was no real need for the draft and in turn no need for the Reign of Terror. employed a shadowy network of informers and spies to achieve these ends. a careless word of criticism spoken against the government could be put in prison or worse.”
Maximilien Robespierre became obsessed with this passion to create equality within France and to abolish the segregation that he began to be worshiped by others and seen as a beacon of hope. They both hoped that the Tribunal would bring peace to France. It would crush the Royalists and quiet mob by reassuring that the enemies of the revolution would be punished.” (DiConsiglio).
A rather ominous name for the unaware; “The Reign of Terror”. An oblivious person could completely bypass the horrifying events related to the French Revolution, had it been named differently. The title for these events is appropriate from my perspective. Those four words could easily interest a curious, ordinary person, and so the history can survive, along with the information transferring to yet another carrier. Of course, everyone can benefit from knowing a few terms that can increase your understanding of the topic. An absolute monarch is a person that has absolute power among his or her people. The Estates General is a representative body drawn from the three ‘estates’ into which society had been theoretically divided. A fraternity is a group of people sharing a common profession or interests. A radical person is a person who advocates thorough or complete political or social reform. The device used to execute most people was the guillotine: a machine with a heavy blade sliding vertically in grooves, used for beheading people. The Reign of Terror is generally defined as a period of remorseless repression or bloodshed, but in particular, it is the period of the Terror during the French Revolution. Conservatives are people that hold to traditional attitudes and values and cautious about change or innovation. Now that we can speak of our topic with more knowledge of terms typically used for this subject, we can address the pending question. Was The Reign of Terror justified? An outstanding amount of people died for good and bad reasons. Every system was corrupt, there was practically no right and wrong; no order, just rebellion. Several conflicting arguments can be made, but there is a definite decision to make in this situatio...
To begin, the French Revolution involved radical change in a radical manner, both traits which the American Revolution lacked. A revolution is defined as a radical and pervasive change in society and the social structure, usually occurring with violence. The American Revolution does not appear to resemble the revolutions of other nations, in which people were killed and property was destroyed. They revolted relatively peacefully and did not kill each other or devour themselves. (Wood, 3) The French Revolution had a period of time in which all people who were considered ‘enemies of the state’ were arbitrarily arrested and at least 17,000 were officially executed. (“The French Revolution,” 20) The American Revolution had no mass executions; there was a minimal amount of deat...
Some people like Emmanuel Sieyès, middle-class writer who was taken by the Enlightenment ideas, believed that all of French Society lay on the backs of the third estate. On the contrary, Robespierre, the monarch at the time, believed that the third estate did not have the power to do anything important to society. The third estate had to pay taxes like the Gabelle and Taille while the first and seconds estates did not have to pay any taxes to the king. Also, the third estates had less of a representation in voting. The first and second estate could outvote the third estate every time and this was a huge inequality. The condition of the third estate was horrible but a good portion of this third estate was the bourgeoisie. The bourgeoisie had some wealth and social class, so they influenced the rest of the third estate about their rights, while also inspiring some lower clergies and provincial nobles and thus led to a group of rebellious people to fight the monarchy. This fight for political representation and political rights was only one cause of the French Revolution. Another causes lies in the French Monarchs: Louis XlV, Louis XV, and Louis XVl. When Louis XlV was ruling, the monarchy had unlimited power and was known as a
Even though, the French Revolution saw the Terror as a sign to create peace and restore a new France, it was not justified because the extremities of the internal and external threats spun out of control and the methods of the period were over the top. As the Reign of Terror in France grew and invoked fear, the internal threats became more radical and deadly. The French Revolution began in 1789 as an attempt to create a new and fair government. (Doc A) As year four of freedom lurched, the thirst for power in Maximilien Robespierre stirred and the hunger for more blood provoked him, urging him to create the Reign of Terror.
Applewhite, Johnson, Levy. Women in Revolutionary Paris, 1789–1795. “Women’s Participation in Riots over the Price of Sugar, February 1792”. University of Illinois Press, 1979. Barbier, E. J. F.. Chronique de la regence et du regne de Louis XV ou journal de Barbie (1724-1725), vol. 1.
During the eighteenth century, France was one of the most richest and prosperous countries in Europe, but many of the peasants were not happy with the way France was being ruled. On July 14, 1789, peasants and soldiers stormed the Bastille and initiated the French Revolution. This essay will analyze the main causes of the French Revolution, specifically, the ineffectiveness of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, the dissatisfaction of the Third Estate, and the Enlightenment. It will also be argued that the most significant factor that caused the French Revolution is the ineffective leadership of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette.
Women “were expected to bear children, stay home, cook and clean, and take care of the children” (Cobb 29). They were expected to be weak, timid, domestic, emotional, dependent, and pure. Women were taught to be physically and emotionally inferior in addition morally superior to men. During this time, women were ostracized for expressing characteristics and wants that contradicted those ideals. For women, the areas of influence are home and children, whereas men’s sphere includes work and the outside world” (Brannon 161).
“Europe cannot conceive of life without Kings and nobles; and we cannot conceive of it with them. Europe is lavishing her blood to preserve her chains, whereas we are lavishing ours to destroy them”(Maximilien Robespierre). For centuries upon centuries, the monarchal system had dominated European life. The very nature of this method of rule incited rebellious feelings, as a definite imbalance of power was present. Understandably, people under this system had risen against authority. The glorious nation of France was no exception. The eighteenth century brought about a great deal of economic and social turmoil. By the end of this one hundred year period, rebellion had been talked about by many citizens for quite some time. However, no definitive action was taken until one man stepped to the forefront; Maximilien Robespierre. Born in Arras, France about thirty years prior to the French Revolution, Robespierre was an immensely intelligent man as is seen from his ability to read and write fluently from the age of eight (the Force of 10). Robespierre rose from fairly humble origins to become a provincial lawyer, advancing further to become a representative in the Estates General, and eventually ascending to the leader of the French Revolution itself. For its sake he sent thousands to the guillotine, overthrew a monarchy, declared a new national religion, and invigorated the will of a nation. “No individual of the French Revolutionary era, with the exception of Napolean Bonaparte, has excited more passion in his time than the…dedicated provincial lawyer, Maximilien Robespierre”(Maximilien 1). During this era, Robespierre led France’s world inspiring cry for the liberation of mankind and petrified the world with its relentle...
The French Revolution was a period of time in which France underwent many changes, many which could be considered revolutionary. France’s whole system and way of being was completely changed. New ideas were proposed everyday. An idea is revolutionary when it is a new idea, when it is something that has never been thought of before. The Declaration of the Rights of Women written by Olympe de Gouges on September 1791, was one of the ideas proposed to the National Assembly (Hunt, Web 1). The document proposed that since the French Revolution was all about finding equality for all people, women should be equal to men and therefore, should have the same rights as men did. Women at the time live in terrible conditions. They had little access to education, and therefore could not enter professional occupations that required advanced education, were legally deprived of the right to vote, and were not considered citizens (Class Discussion Notes). If equal rights were not given to women, the French Revolution had not reached its full potential, according to Gouges. She expressed this idea in her document, saying, “This revolution will only take effect when all women become fully aware of their deplorable condition, and of the rights they have lost in society” (Gouges, Web). Anyone that questioned the Revolution was immediately put to death (Class Discussion Notes). If Gouges’ document and ideas were important enough to catch the attention of the National Assembly and for her to be put to death, her ideas could be considered important and revolutionary (Britannica, Web 1) But, the document was not revolutionary. The Declaration of the Rights of Women was not a revolutionary document because its ideas were taken from other people and were no...
For hundreds of years, France had been running on a political system called the Old Regime. This system divided the population of France into three groups, also known as estates. Two of the three estates had rights and privileges such as being excused from paying taxes, and having the opportunity to run for a high office. The other estate was not treated with the same luxury. They had to pay insanely high taxes and many did not get the right to get an education. The first estate was made up of the Roman Catholic Church. They were at the top of the social class and owned ten percent of all of France’s land. The second group was made up of the French nobility. The rich nobles accounted for twenty percent of France’s land, but only made up roughly two percent of the population. The third group was for the commoners. It made up about ninety seven percent of the French population. The third estate was split into three subdivisions. The first of the three groups were the Bourgeocies. The Bourgeocies were mostly bankers, business owners, and artisans. They had the opportunity to get an education and make a decent amount of money. But, they had to pay extremely high taxes which caused them to not make much money. The next group was the low income French workers. They were frequently unemployed and did not have enough money for food. The last group was the peasants. Shockingly, the
The second estate was called Nobility and its name describes where those in the place of power in France the King and Queen, and people who possessed aristocracy titles. The third estate, were everyone else, including the bourgeoisie (the middle class) the workers and the poor. The third estate decided that it was time to take some action to end the justice that they were facing, this was called “The French Revolution”. Even though the common intension in the third estate that revealed was positive, at the end it became a terror. My paper will show some positive results of the French Revolution, however, I will be focus on the reasons why the French Revolution did not completely achieve the first two of their goals “Liberty and Equality” although they could experience for a short period of time.