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Causes and impact of french revolution
Causes and impact of french revolution
Philosophy of the french revolution
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The French Revolution’s struggles for the Thirst to Achieve a Public Virtue The French Revolution was a critical event that influenced other nations by showing how to change politics and take into account the will of the people, in an extreme and a direct way. Many people think that they strategy was successful, and others no. However, the French Revolution was “The Revolution was originally a popular uprising against the absolute power of the king and against the privileges and wealth of the elite, and was perpetrated in the name of liberty, equality and fraternity” (New World Encyclopedia, p. 1). Before the revolution, the political identity of France was established by a monarchical government, where the majority of the residents or the …show more content…
The second estate was called Nobility and its name describes where those in the place of power in France the King and Queen, and people who possessed aristocracy titles. The third estate, were everyone else, including the bourgeoisie (the middle class) the workers and the poor. The third estate decided that it was time to take some action to end the justice that they were facing, this was called “The French Revolution”. Even though the common intension in the third estate that revealed was positive, at the end it became a terror. My paper will show some positive results of the French Revolution, however, I will be focus on the reasons why the French Revolution did not completely achieve the first two of their goals “Liberty and Equality” although they could experience for a short period of time. However, I will show why the third goal of the revolution “fraternity” was not achieved in any aspect. Likewise, I considered the French Revolution of 1789 unsuccessful, where extreme’s ideas were put into action, and one of the …show more content…
With the revolution many of their resident could taste a kind of a liberal society, getting rid of the monarchy government: kind, queen, and their oppression. The third estate did achieve some liberty by breaking away from the other two estates Nobility and the Clergy and declared themselves independents; According to the Encyclopedia of Libertarianism, “A stage marked by liberal reforms passed by the National Assembly, the parliamentary body created when the Third Estate (i.e., those who represented neither the nobility nor the clergy) declared itself, in June 1789, to be the National Assembly of France and invited the other estates to join it” (Hart, 3). The principal cause to the third estate break away was oppression was coming from the second estate was called Nobility, and its members those who did hold power in France. The second estate had all the money, resources and the great privileged of no paying any taxes, and instead the lower class paid highly taxes. Because the third estate declared independent, the monarch used the military’s force try to stop the resident from the revolution, which caused the public to rose outraged a forceful reduced the power of the
Clearly there never was just one French Revolution, but rather a series of revolutions. These occurred while the French struggled to create a new political and social system – one that would follow principles radically different to that of the ‘ancient’ regime. There were five regimes during the French Revolution between 1787 and 1800. However, despite this fragmented revolution, the same fundamental principles guided most of the revolutionaries involved. These principles included equality under law, centralisation of government, elimination of feudal rights, religious freedom and careers open to talent, not birth.
Feudalist France was a rich, powerful, and respected nation for hundreds of years- until it appeared to collapse like house of cards in the breeze. The catalyst for this change could be attributed to several causes, but ultimately it was the actions of one group that furthered the revolution most. Maturity enabled the bourgeoisie to dispute their position in society, seeing their lack of political voice as an irrefutable issue. Furthermore, they put their goals of change into effect by shifting France’s sovereignty. In short, the bourgeoisie were most influential in furthering the French Revolution because of their drive for political participation.
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels see the French revolution as a great achievement in human history. However they also discuss serious criticisms of it. Marx and Engels discussed the struggle between two distinct social groups during the French Revolution which are the city poor and the privileged classes and what happens when power fell into the hands of the revolutionary “petty bourgeoisie” and the paris workers creating a class struggle and it impact on political issues . This essay will explain how Marx and Engels view the French revolution and their analysis of the revolution’s achievements and shortcomings.This essay will also apply their analysis of the French
Beginning in mid-1789, and lasting until late-1799, the French Revolution vastly changed the nation of France throughout its ten years. From the storming of the Bastille, the ousting of the royal family, the Reign of Terror, and all the way to the Napoleonic period, France changed vastly during this time. But, for the better part of the last 200 years, the effects that the French Revolution had on the nation, have been vigorously debated by historian and other experts. Aspects of debate have focused around how much change the revolution really caused, and the type of change, as well as whether the changes that it brought about should be looked at as positive or negative. Furthermore, many debate whether the Revolutions excesses and shortcomings can be justified by the gains that the revolution brought throughout the country. Over time, historians’ views on these questions have changed continually, leading many to question the different interpretations and theories behind the Revolutions effectiveness at shaping France and the rest of the world.
Some people like Emmanuel Sieyès, middle-class writer who was taken by the Enlightenment ideas, believed that all of French Society lay on the backs of the third estate. On the contrary, Robespierre, the monarch at the time, believed that the third estate did not have the power to do anything important to society. The third estate had to pay taxes like the Gabelle and Taille while the first and seconds estates did not have to pay any taxes to the king. Also, the third estates had less of a representation in voting. The first and second estate could outvote the third estate every time and this was a huge inequality. The condition of the third estate was horrible but a good portion of this third estate was the bourgeoisie. The bourgeoisie had some wealth and social class, so they influenced the rest of the third estate about their rights, while also inspiring some lower clergies and provincial nobles and thus led to a group of rebellious people to fight the monarchy. This fight for political representation and political rights was only one cause of the French Revolution. Another causes lies in the French Monarchs: Louis XlV, Louis XV, and Louis XVl. When Louis XlV was ruling, the monarchy had unlimited power and was known as a
The essential cause of the French revolution was the collision between a powerful, rising bourgeoisie and an entrenched aristocracy defending its privileges”. This statement is very accurate, to some extent. Although the collision between the two groups was probably the main cause of the revolution, there were two other things that also contributed to the insanity during the French revolution – the debt that France was in as well as the famine. Therefore, it was the juxtaposing of the bourgeoisie and the aristocracy as well as the debt and famine France was in that influenced the French Revolution.
During the eighteenth century, France was one of the most richest and prosperous countries in Europe, but many of the peasants were not happy with the way France was being ruled. On July 14, 1789, peasants and soldiers stormed the Bastille and initiated the French Revolution. This essay will analyze the main causes of the French Revolution, specifically, the ineffectiveness of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, the dissatisfaction of the Third Estate, and the Enlightenment. It will also be argued that the most significant factor that caused the French Revolution is the ineffective leadership of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette.
Liberté, égalité, fraternité, this was the motto of the French Revolution. It was coined by Pierre Leroux in 1838. The years 1779-1789 saw everything from the first constitution of France being drawn up, to the “Reign of Terror” in which the symbolic guillotine proved to be both the judge and the executioner. The Revolution initially started in an attempt to make the king answer to the people, in an attempt to overthrow the absolutist role and in an attempt to gain equality in all areas including taxation. The financial crisis was a burden to heavy to bear for the Third Estate. The people grew hungry which swiftly turned to rage. The lack of results led to the end of the monarchy and the execution of both King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette. However, despite the bloodshed, the ideals that the French were fighting for were alive in their hearts. Liberty is the freedom to think or act without being constrained by necessity or force. In France, people were seeking liberty from the tyrannical rule of the monarch in which the Queen was using taxes to endow herself in riches. The second ideal, equality, consists of rights, treatment, quantity, or value equal to all others in a specific group. This meant getting rid of the hierarchical system and ensuring that nor the Church or nobles were exempt from taxation. The last ideal, brotherhood, means a group of people with feelings of friendship and mutual support between them. The French lacked this during the Revolution. Civil disobedience was present and very few showed camaraderie towards one another. Ten years of hardship, striving towards one common goal, sacrificing thousands of lives the French achieved what they set out to do. With great willpower and with the help of a benefac...
They were only two percent of France’s population, but owned twenty percent of the land. They paid no taxes (Krieger 483). The third estate accounted for ninety-eight percent of France’s population. The third estate was divided into three groups; the middle class, known as the bourgeoisie, the urban lower classes, and the peasant farmers. The third estate lost about half their income in taxes.
The thesis of this study is how society was during the French Revolution from 1789 to 1799. The French Revolution during this time went through significant changes from the beginning when society was run by the wealthy class and being undemocratic and changed to being a democratic state. From 1789 to 1799, the French Revolution was a “cataclysmic political and social upheaval.” French society was going through a hard period in France.
This essay will talk about some significant events occurred during the radical phase of the French Revolution, such as the repeal of the monarchy, dominated Terror, and the beginning of the third stage. First and foremost, the monarchy was abolished, because of the institution of the Nation Convention. The failure of the war with Prussia
France in 1793, was in a chaotic state. The masses of people that went against the aristocrats had enough of the old policies. The Estate voiced their laws and policies during the early days of ‘Republicanism’. Thus the Third Estate embodied the enlightened principles of “equality, liberty, and fraternity”. The Third Estate formed a National Convention and prevailed with radical ideologies.
This escalated the forthcoming of the French Revolution because the First and Second Estate refused to be taxed, thus leaving the Third Estate responsible for the revenue of the nation and escalating the tension between the classes. Although the peasants of the Third Estate greatly suffered from the injustices imposed by the French government such as the improper treatment by the aristocracy of the nation, the turmoil they experienced did not play as key of a role towards the start of the Revolution as the
The third estate (made up ninety-eight percent of the population) was the people who wanted to be equal to the nobles and clergy. The clergy and nobles made up the First and Second Estate. They first two estates had overruling power in the government than the Third Estate. This was one of the reasons of the Storm of Bastille. They were knowledgeable of the ‘existing conditions.’ The social class was the main thing separating the people of France. There was a lack of social mobility also, causing people to be based on lineage, rather than wealth.
The years 1789 to 1799, was a period of social and political transformation in France as well as a turning point in European history. On the surface of the French Revolution royal incompetence may inevitably appear as its major contributor. However, the revolt was far more deep rooted as French citizens sought “liberte, egalite and fraternite” which was a major philosophy of the time. They sought to eradicate the class biases of the ancient regime society, the albatross of unfair taxation and also the oppressiveness of feudalism. Moreover, France was experiencing a phase of enlightenment as well as it was greatly influenced by Atlantic revolutions of its time such as the American war of independence.