The Process Of Soap

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To be clean or not to be !!!

What is soap??
What is detergent???

SOAP
A soap has a large non-ionic hydrocarbon group and an ionic group COO-Na+

soap

Soaps are the sodium and potassium salts of the long chain carboxylic acid. A soap molecule consists of a long hydrocarbon chain (composed of carbons and hydrogens) with a carboxylic acid on one end which is ionic bonded to metal ions usually a sodium or potassium.

Examples of Soaps Sodium Stearate Sodium Palmitate Sodium Oleate

How to Make Soap??

• Process of making soap by the hydrolysis of fats and oils with alkalies : saponification.
• Soap is made by heating animal fats or vegetable oil with concentrated sodium hydroxide(NaOH).
• Fat or Oil + NaOH  Soap + Glycerol …show more content…

Advantages and Disadvantages of Detergents

Advantages:
 As detergents are the salts of strong acids, they do not decompose in acidic medium. They can effectively clean fabric even if the water is acidic.
 Synthetic detergents are more soluble in water than soaps.
 They have a stronger cleansing action than soaps.
 As detergents are derived from petroleum, they save on natural vegetable oils, which are important as essential cooking medium.

Disadvantages:

 Many detergents are resistant to the action of biological agents and thus are not biodegradable. Their elimination from municipal wastewaters by the usual treatments is a problem.
 They have a tendency to produce stable foams in rivers that extend over several hundred meters of the river water. This is due to the effects of surfactants used in their preparation. Thus, they pose a danger to aquatic

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