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Review of literature on Celebrity endorsement
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According to business dictionary, brand is defined as a unique design, sign, symbols, words or a combination of all of these, to creating an image that identifies a product and to distinguish it from its competitors. A celebrity is known as a famous people or well-known people in certain perspective of field. In detail, celebrities are the people who enjoy high degree of public recognition and awareness by a large share of a certain group of people (Prof. Dr. G. L. Pedhiwal, 2011). According to Kurzman et al, (2007), celebrity is an omnipresent feature of society, blazing lasting impressions in the memories of all who cross its path. The use of celebrities to advertise the company products as to increase sales and recall the value of a brand is known as celebrity endorsement. McCracken (1989) defines celebrity endorser as any people who enjoy public recognition and who used his or her recognition on behalf of a consumer good by appearing with it in an advertisement (MarComs). The presence of celebrity can affect and influence consumer buying behavior positively (McCracken, 1989). Cel...
Celebrity endorsements can make or break a product and even a company. Especially in today’s world many teens will buy a product just predominantly based on who endorses it. For example, Beyoncé promotes both Pepsi and H&M. She is a great representative for both because she is a really big celebrity and she is very well known. She also has a lot of influence. Young girls would love to dress like her and with H&M endorsing her they get that demographic. Pepsi made a good choice because she, like the previous celebrities they endorsement deals with, is a very public figure with a very big name. Many teens and young ...
It would be hard for one to dispute the fact that MTV has influenced every pop culture trend since its birth in 1981. One could even say that MTV is pop culture. No other media network holds in the palm of its hand the power to control popular cultural evolution the way MTV does. What other media network has influenced and helped shape public opinion, filmmaking, newsgathering techniques, presidential politics, and world politics like MTV has? In addition to that, MTV can take credit for reconstructing the music industry (Rushkoff 126). One would be hard pressed to find a person who does not enjoy some type of music. Thus, "Music" television was built on a foundation that was virtually united by the whole world, and its popularity was inevitable. MTV chose popular music as its beating heart, instead of classical music or jazz. Young people around the country could now see their favorite music icons 24 hours a day, seven days a week. As a result, the young people of America were given a national/international platform to share their common voice, a voice that to this day wants to be heard. Since MTV has such a large hand in shaping the young minds of today, it is important that both parents and children are aware of the impact MTV has in their daily lives.
In every given business, the name itself portrays different meanings. This serves as the reference point and sometimes the basis of customers on what to expect within the company. Since personality affects product image (Langmeyer & Shank, 1994), the presence of brand helps in the realization of this concept. Traditionally, brand is a symbolic manifestation of all the information connected with a company, product, or service (Nilson, 2003; Olin, 2003). A brand is typically composed of a name, logo, and other visual elements such as images, colors, and icons (Gillooley & Varley, 2001; Laforet & Saunders, 1994)). It is believed that a brand puts an impression to the consumer on what to expect to the product or service being offered (Mere, 1995). In other application, brand may be referred as trademark, which is legally appropriate term. The brand is the most powerful weapon in the market (LePla & Parker, 1999). Brands possess personality in which people associate their experience. Oftentimes, they are related to the core values the company executes.
Branding is defined as “the promot[ion] of a product or service by identifying it with a particular brand” (Merriam-Webster, 2015). Branding is also used to create a corporate image or brand by utilizing logos, corporate statements, and other images that will be associated with or displayed on all of that company’s products (Wolak, 2002). A brand is a valuable, enduring asset that is essential in creating and maintaining competitive advantage in an industry (Wolak, 2002; Murphy, 1988). This corporate asset can be just as important as the product or service behind it, because it carries name recognition and peace of mind to customers in the purchase decisions they make everyday (Hall, 2008). Brands essentially work as a “shorthand device” for consumers to evaluate product decisions by conveying a message of uniform quality, credibility, and experience
Brand; - brand is known as uniqueness in term of what products or service the company provides. Brand is also set of insight or image that represents seller. Brand defines symbol, name, term or feature of company’s service or goods. Example of popular brand is apple, Amazon and Samsung.
Palmer wrote a response to Deborah King’s article, “The Impact Celebrities Have on Our Lives”. According to Palmer being fascinated by the rich and famous has been happening for ages. The only difference is that individuals are beginning to grow an obsession towards their favorite celebrities. Many of the celebrities that are being worshipped by the people around the world are terrible people. A vast majority of people are currently amused by the daily lives of their favorite celebrity; otherwise, ordinary people will not know how to carry out their free time. Furthermore, having an obsession towards a favorite celebrity is not necessarily an unhealthy way of living, but instead a way more interesting way for a person to not only gain knowledge about the celebrity, but from the situation the celebrity has overpowered throughout their career.
A brand and luxury goods cannot be separated as we can say that luxury goods are luxury brands. A brand builds a reputation by its services provided. The brand of luxury firm has a very significant role as it refers to a social and cultural satisfaction and then makes the buyer a special person, apart from others. The function of a luxury brand is to recreate the difference between its customer and the other person. Therefore it showers the social statement of an individual. Luxury also include cultural seal as it brings forward the authenticity of the
Even though some critics say that each individual shouldn’t let others influence their life, celebrities and the media are seen everywhere and its almost impossible to ignore. Celebrities are sometimes looked up to by many people. This isn’t always a good thing. The media sometimes gives a bad influence to the people that see them. Some of the things that celebrities and the media influence are teens. Teen may began to copy these people they see and it can become a big problem. Some of the things that arise from copying them are drug abuse and addiction, problems with alcohol, eating disorders/ low self-esteem or confidence, and many more.
It is important for a brands personality to match up with that of its intended target customers. Reading through some marketing sites Dr. Brian Monger situated his words in a way that I like best for the task of creating a brand image. Dr. Monger stated “ The task of creating a brand image often needs to move beyond attributes or feelings, to include the ultimate consequences of product use and the relationship of product use to people’s life-styles, needs, and values. A positioning strategy that focuses only on attributes or feelings can be shallow and less effective than one that is based on a richer knowledge of the customer.” Simply put make your brand relate to the intended buyer on a personal level, one that hits home with the things that they want and like to do. The understanding needs to be met that each target market will have different relations to products from the other. High priced cars can b...
Many people think fashion is just all about design or the clothing that you wear. In fact, the definition is “a popular way of dressing during a particular time or among a particular group of people” (Fashion). Well personally, I think that have got it wrong, and there are many more things about fashion that people do not realize. Consumerism and consumption play a huge role on what fashion is today and what goes into it, and not just about design or designers, but also socially and environmentally. Consumerism and consumption impact the social and environmental aspect of the fashion industry because of what people buy, why they buy things, what type of things they look for in terms of quality or brand, and also where they go to shop.
As mentioned before, unrealistic media images are very prevalent. This creates the illusion that females who match the ideal seem like the norm rather than the exception. These perceptions and the constant comparisons lead to the cultivation theory which is known as the contributions media exposure makes to the viewer’s perceptions of social reality (Von Vonderen and Kinnally 53). The repetitiveness of these images influences the individual’s ability to understand that the images are unrealistic. Over time the nearly impossible standard of beauty is adopted and perceived as “reality.” People who watch heavy amounts of TV are more likely to see the real world according to what they have watched. Viewers often seek out programming that reinforces their beliefs, further strengthening their attitudes. If a woman has low self-esteem and views media that portrays emaciated models as beautiful, those negative attitudes will only be reinforced. A person’s level of awareness of the characteristics portrayed by the media is an indicator on how they will internalize these images. Females that are more aware of the media’s effects are more likely to be resilient to body image concerns and females that are unaware are more likely to show symptoms of body disturbance (Serdar). Therefore, if a woman is unable to determine that the media is unrealistic she will be more likely to internalize the images and be more prone to body dissatisfaction.
In order to understand the relationship between a consumer’s attitude and their behaviour, psychologist constructed a few attitude models to help marketers to understand the consumer’s attitude and behaviour (Shiffman & Kanuk, 2010:249). Some of the attitude models that are considered as important are the following: the single-component attitude model, the tri-component, the multi-attribute attitude model (Rousseau, 2007:195), the theory of trying-to-consume model and the attitude-toward-the-ad models (Shiffman & Kanuk, 2010:255).
A company’s brand is one of its most valuable assets (Green and Smith 2002). Brands owners invest millions of dollars every year in advertising and promotion to raise awareness and create demand for their brands.
People are buying the product which gives them prestige. Marketers have interest on consumer psychology and they are playing with every day by showing that their product will give prestige in the society. It’s true that the transparent societies now needs brands image. Marketers analyze the interest and needs of consumer than create the product according to the need of the society. Brand can attain the people attraction and the business can have the good reputation by giving satisfaction to consumer. If the brand gives satisfaction and function are according to the expectation of consumer than the brand gets good image on the mind of consumer. brand image is great weapon to use for the competitors it builds in years , at once the business gets brand image it has competitive edge from other brands in the market. When consumer rely on the brand the company can create the long term relation with the consumer, in other words (CRM) consumer relationship management. The brand image has effect on the choice of every individual there believe and attitude change their preferences. Brand image can be effected by price as price is an important part for consumer when they are making purchase decision if they find the value of brand is equal to the pricing they purchase that brand if not they refuse it. Similarly the image of brand can be effected by the attributes and features or
While researchers can determine consumer behavior quite easily, it is almost impossible to get accurate and reliable data on why people buy what they do. How in the world can we figure out why consumers make the decisions in purchases they make, when we can only predict motives? Well, everything tends to be linked to a psychological trait that can help define the behavior of consumers.