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Psychological theories of bullying
Causes of bullying and solution
Causes of bullying and solution
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“In 2013, twenty-four percent of female and nineteen percent of male students reported being bullied in school.” (McFarland,2016) Generally, white students that are in sixth to eighth grade are noticeably bullied more than others. There are various social-psychological factors to the cause of bullying and the negative and positive effects of bullying. Therefore, there are psychological reasoning of the effects of the bullies, the victims, and bystanders involved. Bullying can happen at any place or location, whether its verbally through rumors, or online. Also, Bullying can occur at any age, there is no time where bullying essentially stops. “The term bully is an overbearing person who intimidates smaller or weaker people, also expressed …show more content…
Youth are typically targeted because they are perceived differently from other peers, like being overweight, wearing glasses, wearing different clothing, and being introduced to a new school. Specific groups of individual are easily targeted differently, such as those who are, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgendered, youth with disabilities and those who are socially isolated. (Stop Bullying, n.d. c) Likewise, youth may be bullied because they don’t get along with others and act in an annoying manner. Judging an individual is not morally right, but this has become a part of how society has acted for the past …show more content…
Parents have a major impact on dealing with these situations, but by communicating with their children and being observant of change in behaviors, as mentioned before the signs of depression and unknown bruises. Also, by setting rules as their children get older and start to use social media it is important for parents to enforce rules and be cautious of teens use of social media to prevent cyberbullying. On a week day a teacher spends approximately eight hours with these students and notice changes in behaviors among their students. It is a teacher’s responsibility to be aware of what is going on outside of the classroom and enforcing school’s policy of bullying. Not only is it important to communicate with the parents, but with the students, the bully and the victim before coming to a conclusion. Statistics show that, “sixty percent of middle school students say they have been bullied and only sixteen percent of the staff believed that students are being bullied.” (Just Say Yes, n.d.) Across the world October is bully prevention month, where schools have brought in organizations like, “Just Say Yes” come talk to the school about how to stand up against bullies and to avoid and discourage bullies. With these bullying prevention programs enforced the rate of bullying and
Bullying has become a major problem facing the United States today. The American Psychological Association reports that roughly 40% to 80% of children are involved in bullying on some level during their time in school. (APA, 2014) The magnitude of the problem can be observed in the statistics. In the United States, a total of 4,080,879 children between the ages of five and 18 have been the victims of bullying compared to 3,892,199 who have reported that they have engaged in bullying someone else. Additionally, 851,755 said that they have been both the victim and the bully. That's a whopping 8,824,833 people in the United States that have been involved in bullying behavior on one level or another. (High, B., 2000 Census)
What is Bullying? Bullying is repeated, aggressive behavior by one or more people, and it harms others physically and/or emotionally. Bullies are taught and not born. There are seven different types of bullies; The Confident Bully feels good about himself, he also has a big ego and shows no empathy towards his targets. Social Bully can pretend to be caring and compassionate about his victim when needed to cover up his actions as a bully. (The BRIM Software). A Social Bully also uses verbal taunts, rumor, and gossip as the weapons of choice for their victims. Fully Armored Bully is emotionless and cold hearted and his feelings are buried deep inside so that he can’t identify them. Hyperactive Bullies suffer from learning disabilities, struggles in school, and cannot accurately process his classmates’ behavior. Bullied Bullies (the Bully Victim) is a target of bullies and a bully himself. The Bunch of Bullies are groups of ‘nice’ kids bullying another student. Gang of Bullies are a gang of allies, not friends, working together for domination over a particular area or ‘turf’. They also dedicate themselves to their group and they do not think about their consequences of their actions.
The word “bully” is defined: “a blustering quarrelsome, overbearing person who habitually badgers and intimidates smaller or weaker people”("Bully"). Bullying can be mainly divided into traditional bullying and cyber bullying. There are three major types of traditional bullying: verbal bullying, social bullying, and physical bullying. First, verbal bullying is when one uses language to offend or gain power over their peer. Some of the major examples of verbal bullying would be teasing, name-calling, taunting, and sexual harassments. Another form of traditional bullying is social bullying, which is the act of hurting someone’s social reputation or hurting his or her relationships. The third type of bullying is physical bull...
Remember being a little kid and being pushed down on the playground, being picked last in middle school, or being called horrible names in high school? Those are just a few examples of how people are bullied. A person who repeatedly physically or verbally torments or harasses someone in anyway is bullying (“Bullying” par. 1). It unfortunately happens almost everywhere. It’s a huge problem that is beginning to take over schools. Middle school is an especially troublesome time because this is the time where kids are just trying to be accept by others and they are the most vulnerable. Bullying damages children and teens in all aspects. (“Verbal” par. 4) Depending on how they are being bullied it can affect them physical, emotionally, and even physiologically. (“Verbal” par. 4) There are tragic stories of suicides and teenagers cutting themselves everywhere because of being bullied and finally they’ve reached their last straw. (“Verbal” par. 4) Which makes since because kids who are being bullied are twice as likely to commit suicide compared to someone who is not being bullied. (Murray par. 5) Suicide has hit number three on what kills teenagers in the United States. (Murray par. 6) Victims who become bullied are normally people who try to separate themselves from conflict. (“Bullies” par. 7) They normally are “loners” or “outcasts”, which makes them more vulnerable to become the victim. (“Bullies” par. 7) They may like different types of music, dress unlike others, or have a disability. (Petrocelli par. 3) Children who are being bullied often show common signs like crying and not wanting to go to school. (“Bullying” par. 4) Many say people bully others because they themselves feel like “outcasts” or like they have no friends but ac...
In a school setting, is it usually tweens and teens who engage in prejudicial bullying towards those of different nationality, gender, sexual orientation, or religion. Although, we should keep in mind that it is not only limited to the school setting and can be carried on into adulthood. This type of bullying borders with cyber bullying, verbal bullying, relational bullying, physical bullying, sexual bullying and many other types of bullying. (6 Types, n.d) Though with the younger generation it is less common to find someone judge another person because of something liker their race or sexual orientation, there are still people in the world who are prejudice against a group of people and there are people who will take their prejudicial thoughts and turn them into extreme actions. There have been multiple cases where a teen or even a child has been put in a bad situation because of reasons mentioned before such as their race, religion, or sexual orientation. This is why if a someone is being targeted, it should be reported to someone with authority immediately. People who are bullied because of prejudice are often targets for being called names, being excluded from groups, being taunted by their peers, and even become targets of sexual, physical, and cyber bullies. Because prejudicial bullying can lead to things as extreme as terrorism and hate crimes, the person targeted should not sit back and hope that it will blow over with time because it leaves room to expand into such extreme acts. Instead the person should address it right away as I have mentioned earlier in the
Experts say that bullying begins around middle school, where children are changing to young adults. In bullying there are three people involved the bully, the victim, and the bystander. The bystander also holds responsibility when bullying occurs, because they are present but never take part because they fear the intimidator. Often targets are considered to be “different” from others, and that consists of students having specials needs, being gay, bisexual, overweight, or most importantly students who are viewed as easy prey. When bullying is attempted it can ruin a student physically and emotionally influencing the capability of a pupil to learn. It is recorded that in the United States 160,000 teenagers skip school in order to avoid bullying, and one out of ten teens quits school because of continuous tormenting. In 2014 statistics in the U.S. showed that only 20-30 percent of students who are bullied tell an adult or the authorities. The only way bullying can be prevented is when schools make a great effort to create no tolerance programs, and effective rules. That will result...
Everyone has been bullied or encountered someone being bullied at some point of their life. Whether it would be physically or verbally both can be exceedingly traumatizing and can have a long-term psychological influence on children’s development. Majority people may define bullying in a more physical term; nevertheless that’s not always the case. The act of bullying can occur in several ways and in reality affect the individual in the same way. Bullying is generally defined as repeated, negative, and harmful actions focused at target throughout a course of time, exhibiting a sense of power difference between the bully and the victim (Olweus, 1993; Limber & Mihalic, 1999 as cited from Douglas J. Boyle, 2005). A survey was conducted in the United States estimating that over six million children, about 30% in grade six through ten have experienced frequent bullying in a school environment (Nansel, 2001 as cited from Douglas J. Boyle, 2005). Many people might debate that bullying is something that every child goes through and is simply a part of growing up, although there are several damaging consequences that happens to the child’s brain. Bullying causes the child to feel upset, isolated, frightened, anxious, and depressed. They feel like they reason they are being picked on is because there is something wrong with them and may even lose their confidence feel unsafe going to school (Frenette, 2013 as cited from Douglas J. Boyle, 2005) Anthropologically, sociologically, or psychologically, bullying can be analyzed through different perspectives and several questions can be asked based on the topic:
Bullying is a growing concern in a society where status and exercising power over another human being are increasingly important in developing one’s social circles. Dan Olweus (Norwegian researcher and founder of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program) defines it as an “aggressive behaviour that is intentional and that involves an imbalance of power. Most often, it is repeated over time” (Violencepreventionworks.org). School victimization is an especially delicate matter that has only really been in the public eye for the past half century, as more and more researchers and psychologists pointed out its short- and long-term negative effects on targeted individuals. It has since been widely investigated and numerous programs have been developed in an effort to address and prevent the many forms of bullying that exist today. The negative effects of such an abusive behaviour are various and can greatly differ from individual to individual. However, there are three main consequences that can be associated with school bullying, which are: school avoidance, depression/anxiety and even suicidal attempts.
Bullying has been around for decades and yet it is still a reoccurring problem, and it is only getting worse. The National Center for Educational Statistics, in 2009, said nearly 1 in 3 students between the ages of 12 and 18 reported being bullied in school. Eight years earlier, only 14 percent of that population said they had experienced bullying(Ollove,2014). There are two types of bullying the direct form and indirect form, in the direct form the victim receives physical harm example kicking pushing shoving. In the indirect form the victim receives emotional or mental harm by name-calling, rejection, gossip, threats, or insults(Green,2007). It doesn’t matter which way the victim was bullied it still causes
Bullying has been a part of schooling for as long as children have been congregating. To some it seems like a natural, though uncomfortable, part of life and school experience, while to others it can mean terrifying experiences which spoiled and characterized otherwise happy years in school. Dan Olweus, a pioneer in bully behavior research documented that 2.7 million children are affected as victims, and that 2.1 children act as bullies (Fried, 1997, as cited in Aluedse, 2006). With bullying cited as the reason for violent, gun-related crime in the past few years, school districts as well as national governments have put anti-bullying policies in place. Bullying is a complicated phenomenon, involving more than one child demanding lunch money from a smaller child. It is a worldwide epidemic hitting schools everywhere. Virtually everyone has seen or experienced bullying. With technological advances, bullying is even hitting the internet. Parents, teachers, students and governments agencies alike are attempting to put a stop to bullying practices.
Bullying is an issue that has been around for decades and is something that can affect everyone, no matter what his or her age is. Even though bullying has changed over the years from being physical abuse and harassment that happens on the playgrounds of schoolyards to tormenting over the Internet. The same groups are still affected namely adolescents. Statistically about 30 percent of all teenagers in the United States are bullied in one-way or another (“Teenage Bullying”).
Bullying is a devastating issue that threatens the well-being of today’s youth. Those who are most likely at risk are those who; have a learning or physical disability i.g., autism or ADHD, are underweight or overweight, are gay/lesbian/transgendered, or speak a different language. Of course, there are no specific guidelines of who will become victims of bullying. Children who are bullied experience lower self-esteem, greater loneliness, greater anxiety, and more depression in addition to the already stressful adolescent years. The longer the bullying occurs the more profound the symptoms can become. As a low-level, subtle form of violence, bullying creates an unsafe school environment and can lead to more serious types of violence among students (Whitted & Dupper, 2005).
Bullying has always been present within the United States. Although the issue has been around for a long time, it continues to grow and become more of problem. It is said that about 160,000 children within the United States are refusing to go to school because of bullying. Another statistic is that within American schools alone, there are an estimated 2.1 billion bullies and 2.7 billion victims (Dan Olewus, MBNBD). The numbers presented here are outrageous and although there are organizations to stop bullying, obviously there needs to be a new set of solutions. Any type of bullying presents problems to children, “Suicide, depression, anxiety, substance abuse, trouble with the law, poor performance in school and work, and lack of involvement in socially accepted activities are some of the difficulties resulting from bullying (Austin, Reynolds, Barnes, Shirley). Of course, there is more than just a single type of bullying. Feeding ground for bullies can range anywhere from text-message or cyberbullying to physical bullying in schools. Also, bullies can begin to strike at a young age and could also be; teenage, middle-age, or even the elderly. Even though there are these many versions of problematic bullies, the largest bullying problems take place within the school setting: a place that is supposed to be safe for children rather than harmful. Although it seems impossible to completely get rid of bullying, these are a few suggested solutions; making the school informed on bullying issues, schools implementing rules on bullying, and having students positively use electronics to stop bullying.
Bullying is something that is not something new and is actually something that society continues to face. Over the years, bullying has been looked at as being so ordinary in schools that it is continuously overlooked as an emanate threat to students and has been lowered to a belief that bullying is a part of the developmental stage that most young children will experience then overcome (Allebeck, 2005, p. 129). Not everyone gets over the extreme hurt that can come as an effect from bullying, for both the bully and the victim. Because of this, we now see bullying affecting places such as the workplace, social events and even the home. The issue of bullying is not only experienced in schools, but the school environment is one of the best places
A bully can be defined in several ways and this term is sometimes exaggerated. However, according to the Miriam-Webster Dictionary, a bully is defined as “one habitually cruel to others who are weaker” and bullying is defined as “to cause (someone) to do something by making threats or insults or by using force”. These are the formal definitions of the term, but the def...