The Physics of a Yo-yo
In everything that we do, there is some aspect of physics involved in it. Even if we are just standing still on the ground, or leaning up against a wall, there are still numerous forces acting upon us. This paper will tell of the physics involved in throwing a yo-yo.
When you release a yo-yo, gravity acts on its center of mass to pull the yo-yo downward. Because the string of the yo-yo is wrapped around the yo-yo's axle, and because one end of the string is attached to your finger, the yo-yo is forced to rotate as it drops. If the yo-yo could not rotate, it would not drop.
Just as any object falling in a gravitational field, the rate of drop increases with time (it decreases 9.8 meters every second to be exact) and so, necessarily, does the rotation rate of the yo-yo. The rate of drop and the rotation rate are greatest when the bottom is reached and the string is completely unwound. The spinning yo-yo contains rotational kinetic energy taken from the gravitation potential energy through which the yo-yo has dropped.
Usually, the string is tied loosely around the axle so that the yo-yo can continue to spin at the bottom. Because the full length of the string has been laid out, the yo-yo can drop no further and, consequently, the rotation rate cannot increase further. If left in this condition, the friction between the axle and the string will eventually dissipate the energy of rotation or, equivalently, the rotational kinetic energy of the yo-yo and the yo-yo will come to rest.
However, a momentary tug on the string causes the friction between the string and the axle briefly to increase so that the axle no longer slips within the string. When the axle stops slipping, the rotational kinetic energy of the spinning yo-yo is large enough to cause the string to wind around the axle. This causes the yo-yo to begin to "climb" back up the string. After the first one or two rotations, the string can no longer slip, so the process of climbing up the string continues beyond the momentary application of the tug.
As the yo-yo continues to climb back up the string, the angular momentum (rotational kinetic energy) of the yo-yo is converted back into gravitational potential corresponding to the increasing height of the center of mass of the yo-yo.
If you throw a ball with a lot of spin the ball will create air resistance (drag) then the ball will curve or slide as the ball reaches the plate and causes the batter to swing. This is because the faster moving air below the ball creates a smaller amount of pressure, which forces the ball to dive or break.
In this experiment we positioned a marble ball on a wooden roller coaster positioned on a physics stand in the sixth hole. Throughout the experiment, we used an electronic timer to record the time of the marble where it passed through the light beam of its clamp. We positioned the clamp at a certain point on the roller coaster and measured the distance from the marble to the clamp; the height of the clamp; and finally the time the ball traveled through the clamp. After we recorded these different figures we calculated the speed of the marble from the given distance traveled and the time. We repeated the step 14 times, then proceeded to graph the speed and the height. Next, we took the measurements of position of the clamp, height, and speed and calculated the potential energy, the kinetic energy, and the total energy. Total energy calculated as mentioned before. Potential energy is taking the mass (m) which is 28.1g times gravity (g) which is 9.8 m/s2 times the height. Kinetic energy is one-half times the mass (m) times velocity (v2). Finally we graphed the calculated kinetic, potential, and total energies of this experiment.
Tires are thrown from tires because the centrifugal force expels snow, rocks, and other foreign objects.
Ever wondered how roller coasters work? It’s not with an engine! Roller coasters rely on a motorized chain and a series of phenomena to keep them going. Phenomena are situations or facts that have been observed and proven to exist. A few types of phenomena that help rollercoasters are gravity, kinetic and potential energy, and inertia. Gravity pulls roller coasters along the track as they’re going downhill. Potential and kinetic energy help rollercoasters to ascend hills and gain enough momentum to descend them and finish the track. Inertia keeps passengers pressed towards the outside of a loop-the-loop and in their seat. Gravity, potential and kinetic energy, and inertia are three types of phenomena that can be observed by watching roller
Our machine showed physics in many ways. It used Newtons laws, collisions, and more aspects of physics. Our project showed ten different aspects in detail. This is our machine.
the length of the slope can be used to calculate the speed of the car
“A roller coaster is essentially a gravity-powered train (2).” Gravity is the weakest of the four physical forces, but when it comes to roller coasters, it is the dominant one. It is the driving force and what accelerates the train through all the turns and twists. Gravity is what applies a constant downward force on the cars. The deceleration or acceleration mostly depends on the inclination of the angle relative to the ground. The steeper the slope is, the greater the acceleration, and vice versa.
This can be explained by Bernoulli's Principle. Bernoulli, a 1700's physicist and mathematician, showed that the speed of an object through liquid/air changes the pressure of the air. The velocity of a spinning ball relative to the air is different from one side to the other, creating a low pressure on one side and a high pressure on the other. This causes the ball to move in the direction of the lower pressure. The golf ball is typically hit with an undercut, causing a reverse rotation and therefore a lifting action on the ball.
through. Then, the snares are gone. In this experiment I will investigate the way in which the height from which it is dropped affects the bounce of a table tennis ball. The ball is a Planning Objects that fall vertically, without air resistance, all have the same effect. same acceleration at ground level on Earth, which is 9.80665m/s2.
Take the measuring tape and measure the length of the string the bob is hanging on. Ensure that this length stays constant throughout the
The Goliath roller coaster, located in Six Flags over Georgia, is considered by many as the most exhilarating ride you can possibly experience. With a height of 200ft, a top speed of 70mph, and a total length of 4480 ft, it surely had the best engineers on deck. From a quick glance, it’s obvious that many factors have to be taken into consideration in order to run, operate, and understand a machine of this magnitude. At its highest point of 200 ft, the Goliath roller coaster will reach its highest potential energy. From that point, it will accelerate downward until its highest possible velocity is achieved, which in this case is 70 miles per hour. In addition, due to it traveling downward, and the roller coaster having numerous turns, twists,
The radius of the axle of the flywheel can be measured with a caliper. As m falls, its gravitational potential energy is transferred into translational kinetic energy of m, rotational kinetic energy of the flywheel and work done by friction. As the flywheel completes N further turns, its original rotational kinetic energy is transferred into friction loss. Assume the flywheel decelerates uniformly. Thus, the moment of inertia of the flywheel can be determined.
There are some ways Disney can change or add things to their safety features. One way they could change it would be to add sensors on the belt during the whole ride. Normally, the sensor are used just to tell when the belt is buckled in, not when it disconnects. The sensor would inform a cast member that the belt disconnected, and the cast member could safely and efficiently stall the ride to fix the problem. Another major change would be to add grate-like material to the tops and bottoms of all carts. The normal steel “cage” constricted the air flow and could potentially damage the exterior and major components to the safety of the ride. The final fall, at the moment, is pretty jerky. The final major change would be to add magnetic brakes instead of mechanical. This would allow for a softer final
Projectile motion is the force that acts upon an object that is released or thrown into the air. Once the object is in the air, the object has two significant forces acting upon it at the time of release. These forces are also known as horizontal and vertical forces. These forces determine the flight path and are affected by gravity, air resistance, angle of release, speed of release, height of release and spin
There are two forces, which affect the spring. The first force is gravity which is the force exerted by the gravitational field of a massive object on body within the vicinity of its surface. The force of gravity on earth has value approximately 9.81 m/s2 and always equals to the weight of the object as the equation: F = mg. m is mass (in kg) and g is gravity on earth (John, 2009). The second force is spring force; the magnitude of the force is directly proportional to the amount of stretch or compression of the spring.