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Strands of early literacy development
Essay on language education
Essay on language education
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Recommended: Strands of early literacy development
The National Curriculum Framework 2005 includes the section Learning to Read and Write under the head Language and thus it is important to analyze briefly how early literacy as a part of language education in schools has been dealt with in the NCF. It says that speech, listening, reading and writing are the four communicative skills (NCF, 2005, p.40) essential for children to succeed in school. Instead of making the students sit quietly in classrooms, their speech should be looked upon as a way of expression and group-discussions among them should be encouraged. Listening ability teaches them to be attentive, respect each other’s opinions and interpret what is being said in different ways. Folklores and music can be used to make the compositions interesting for the students to listen.
With regards to reading, the use of memorization of information-stuffed books has been criticized and the up gradation of libraries with supplementary material useful and attractive for the students is recommended. The paper also brings to our notice the reasons for which students find it difficult to learn reading in schools. Some of the problems are-inadequate pre-service and in-service teacher training for reading pedagogy, inability of teachers to decide the approach (phonic or whole language) for teaching to read, decontextualized textbooks which make it boring for students especially the first-generation learners (NCF, 2005, p.41). Suggestions regarding measures that can be implemented to help students in learning to read include: providing print-rich environment, teaching letter-sound correspondence, encouraging children to write down their experiences and then asking them to read the same, for first generation learners, reading supplementary...
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...d phonics method for teaching how to read. The phonics method prepares the children to spell and pronounce limitless words correctly thus allowing them to read texts of varying levels. The whole language approach enables them to make meaning of texts without having to memorize a limited vocabulary. Students who undergo such a process of learning to read are able to read fluently and comprehend texts. This methodology is eclectic also in the sense that it focuses on children’s efforts to make meaning and not on their errors. The child is helped at every stage to improve giving every one the chance to work towards their problems and finally gain mastery over the reading-writing skills. The PSS approach also effectively implements the recommendations made in the NCF 2005 for improving reading-writing competence of school going children irrespective of their background.
...dren developing early reading. As the guidance which comes with the Primary National Strategy framework states, schools “put in place a systematic, discrete programme as the key means for teaching high-quality phonic work” (DfES & PNS, 2006, p. 7). By teaching children to decode it helps them to develop their early reading and sets them up with skills to tackle almost any unknown word. There are many programmes which school choose to follow such as the government provided ‘Letters and Sounds’ or other schemes such as ‘Jolly Phonics’ or ‘Read Write Inc.’. Though there are many different companies’ schools can choose to follow the breakdown of how phonics should be taught is the same in all: phonics should prepare children to be able to decode any word they come across and teach itself in a multisensory way, one that interests the children and helps them to learn.
This detailed text provides an understanding of reading and writing through detailed case studies, reflective questioning and further reading; in addition to links with the Early Years Curriculum (EYFS)(DCSF, 2008) provide informative information accessible to both practitioner and parent. As pointed out by the authors, literacy relates to fifty % of the early learning goals, therefore highlights the importance by the practitioner to make the acquisition of literacy exciting and meaningful through a multitude of role play scenarios, stories, rhymes and oral language, thus providing opportunities for the child to put life experiences of literacy into context, while scaffolding existing knowledge.
The DeFord Theoretical Orientation to Reading Profile, developed in 1985 by Diane DeFord, is a way to measure the philosophy and belief systems associated with instructional practices in the beginning of reading. The three systems include phonics, skills, and whole language (Vacca et al 2006). The bottom-up beliefs systems, associated with Behaviorism, place emphasis on letters, letter-sound relationships, and the understanding that the student, in order to comprehend the selection, must recognize each word in a text. There is importance placed on decoding, and skills are taught in a systematic and sequential format.
Like other issues of education, educators and theorists debate and analyze methods of reading instruction. They judge methods and curricula not only by their efficacy but also by their appropriateness and ease. Throughout the history of education these methods and curricula have changed, shifted, and transformed. Currently, though, there are two front-runners in the debate—phonics and whole language. Popular belief is that these curricula are diametrically opposed. Researchers of effective reading instruction assert the opposite, saying that “an artificial, simplistic dichotomy” has no reality in the discussion of phonics and whole language (Dahl & Scharer, 2000, ¶43). The purpose of this research paper is to compare these two seemingly different curricula in the realm of reading instruction, to determine their individual levels of appropriateness, and to decide which, if either, is ultimately more appropriate in the school setting.
Literacy is most commonly understood as reading and writing. But before children can read and write, they need to learn about sound, words, language, books and stories (Raising Children, 2015). Children begin to develop and gain knowledge quite differently and with support and developmentally appropriate learning skills children will also come to understand the connection between letters and sounds. Literacy development or early literacy is the most essential in the first three years of life as it the earliest experience children have with language, sound and the positive interactions between child and adult. Vygotsky (1978) believed in how children developed, and the important role of adults in leading child’s early development. The interactions
After the study, results revealed that a lot of the influence regarding how they feel reading came from their years in college and high school. An example of a positive influential teacher gave their student a book to read. One of the negative instances were
Literacy acquisition is an important part of the curriculum and students development in early years’ education. Teaching and learning in literacy is complex process, however development of early literacy concepts will give students an advantage and help their overall literacy learning. This essay will examine phonics, considerations to make when deciding what to teach, and what approaches are effective in the teaching of phonics and how students early literacy experiences affect the development of phonics concepts. The Department of Education, Science and Training (2005) states that many teachers are unclear about teaching phonics and use many different methods, which are not based on evidence and research (p. 14). Early literacy, particularly
While I believe every child is a reader, I do not believe every child will be enthralled with reading all the time. All students have the capability to read and enjoy reading, but just like any other hobby, interest will vary from student to student. The students in my classroom will be encouraged in their reading, be provided with choice, taught how books can take you into another world but, my students will not be forced to read. This paper will illustrate my philosophy of reading through the theories I relate to, the way I want to implement reading and writing curriculum, and the methods I will use motivate my students to read and help them become literate.
Mrs. Hamm discussed that she actually uses three different programs to help teach language and literacy to her students. The first program, which is actually her favorite of the three programs, is called “Read Aloud Library”, the second program is called “Language for Learning” and the third program is called “Reading Mastery”. Mrs. Hamm discussed the programs as being very helpful tools in helping children develop their reading skills. Mrs. Hamm integrates literacy in her classroom in many different ways. In the different programs, the students read one book together in which they work on for the week by breaking down the chapters so that children can retell the story and learn th...
First off, in terms of education in grades K through 3 it seems that students are introduced to the basic concepts of learning, reading, and writing. For example, young children begin to comprehend the sounds of speech in terms of being able to read while also practicing how to correctly write common words used in everyday language. Furthe...
As a teacher, you need to encourage all attempts at reading, writing, speaking, and allowing children to experience the different functions and use of literacy activity (The Access Center, n.d.). Moreover, it is crucial for educators to understand phonological awareness and phonics; know what constitutes good children’s literature and how to use it; know children who need additional assistance with beginning reading and writing (Cunningham et al, 2004 as cited in McLachlan et al, 2013, p. 112). Educators also need to plan effective activities to assist children experience reading aloud, listening to other children read aloud, listening to tape recordings, and videotapes so children have opportunities to integrate and extend their literacy knowledge (The Access Center, n.d.). Morrow (1990 as cited in The Access Center, n.d.) notes that classroom with greater teacher facilitation promote literacy behaviours, so it is educators’ role to provide literacy rich
The aim of this essay is to explore language acquisition and compare and contrast different theories of language acquisition and language development. Language in its most basic form is used to communicate our needs and wants. It encompasses a range of modes of delivery including signing, spoken and written words, posture, eye contact, facial expressions and gestures. So how do we learn ‘language’? Are we born with the skills for communication, or is it something that we have to learn or have taught to us? Four theories are looked at in this essay to determine how children acquire and then develop language. These theories include behaviourist, nativist, cognitivist and sociocultural. This essay will highlight some similarities and differences in each theory and what impact these have on a child’s acquisition and development of language. Lastly we will look at the implications of these theories when working with children. Can a classroom teacher deliver a quality literacy program based on just one of these theories or does it need to incorporate components of all four? Sims, (2012) pp. 21 states ‘’High-quality learning experiences in the early years of life enhance children’s cognitive and language skills’’. This places a great responsibility on educators and teachers alike to provide an environment which is rich in learning opportunities that will encourage both the acquisition and development of language.
Reading and writing is a key part of everyone’s life. There has been some encouraging levels of reading development in primary school assessments. According to the National Assessment Program Literacy and Numeracy report (2015), 95.5% of students achieve at or above the national minimum standard of reading. It is important to know effective ways to teach reading so children can become active problem solvers to enable them to read for meaning or for fun. Over the years, there has been a big amount of research into the most effective ways to teach reading skills to students. There are some systematically taught key skills and strategies that help achieve these levels of reading. Some of these skills include phonological awareness, phonemic awareness,
Teachers exerted all efforts in their desire to help their pupils read and comprehend. However, many just cope and could hardly decode the printed words. Thus, this inability to read becomes one of the major causes of failure among them which leads to other problems that are either behavioural or personal in nature.
We use language in a variety of ways, for example, to tell people how we feel, to talk about things that we like and to be able to question and understand the world around us. As well as giving children a sense of identity. Language can be diverse and standard, for example, language can be diverse amongst cultures with different English accents and language can be standard when the majority of people in a country speak a variety of English. Language can be seen through reading and heard through oral language. Halliday and Piaget 's functions on language indicated the important roles of language in children’s lives. Language has been outlined in this essay to play a major role in children’s lives. Most importantly it gives children the skills to learn to communicate and exchange information with others around