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The Men Who Built America: Episode 4: When One Ends, Another Begins
Summary
The American Economy was Linked by Railroads, Fueled by Oil and Built by Steel. Cornelius Vanderbilt, John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, J.P. Morgan, Henry Ford – their names are synonymous with innovation, big business and the American Dream. These leaders sparked incredible advances in technology while struggling to consolidate their industries and rise to the top of the business world. The Men Who Built America is a History six-hour, four-part miniseries documentary drama, broadcasted in Fall (Autumn) 2012, and on the History Channel UK in Spring 2013. The series focuses on Cornelius Vanderbilt, John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, J. P. Morgan and Henry Ford
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and how their industrial innovations and business empires revolutionized modern society. The Fourth Episode of Men Who Built America Series discussed the emergence of a new generation of businessmen, representing in Henry Ford, who faced a new set of challenges as they struggle to get their companies off the ground.
The episode started by displaying the control of John D. Rockefeller; the founder of the Standard Oil Company, by the early 1880s on the oil business and how he became one of the world’s wealthiest men and a major philanthropist. Andrew Carnegie and John D Rockefeller have been rivals for decades and that competition has driven both men to incredible heights. The events sequenced and Carnegie began his negotiations with Rockefeller for months and finally they made an agreement in which Carnegie bought all of the output from Rockefeller’s mines and Rockefeller agreed not to build a steel mill. After inheriting and expanding his father's banking empire J. P. Morgan was among the most powerful man in the nation. His influence over the country is matched by only two other men; Andrew Carnegie and John D Rockefeller. At the peak of their power, J. P. Morgan, John Rockefeller and Andrew Carnegie are worth the modern equivalent of over $1 trillion dollars combined. The titans managed to buy a new president in the White House; William McKinley. Rockefeller, Morgan and Carnegie each give over $200,000 to McKinley. With McKinley in office they were free to conduct business in the way they've become accustomed. After his election a number of the issues that had bothered the big businessmen conveniently went away. Because of his unfair policies which focused on businessmen’s benefit and neglected the common people, McKinley was assassinated by Leon Czolgosz, who lost his job at a company J.P. Morgan took over during the creation of U.S. Steel. As Czolgosz struggled, he took refuge in the growing anarchist movement. He became convinced that the Government is helping the rich exploit the poor and he's determined to put an end to that by assassinating
McKinley. Eight days after the shooting, William McKinley succumbs to his injuries becoming the third American President to be killed in office. For America's most powerful men, it's the worst case scenario. An assassin's bullet has robbed them of their president, a man they spent millions to get elected and with his death their worst enemy comes to power. Teddy Roosevelt is about to become the leader of the free world. Roosevelt refused to back down from Morgan. He sued his company in Federal court. The first Government anti-trust case filed against a major corporation. Roosevelt continued to win and Morgan's railroad monopoly is broken up. Roosevelt was elected to a second term and over the course of his administration, he filed suit against dozens of trusts as he thought that it was time of great change for the nation. Morgan, John Rockefeller and Andrew Carnegie suddenly find themselves as members of an old guard. As John Rockefeller fights to keep his monopoly intact a new generation of businessmen, represented in Henry Ford, is facing a new set of challenges as they struggle to get their companies off the ground. Ford has set out to build the best motor car for popular use which made it the first car affordable for the common man. Comment The Fourth Episode of Men Who Built America Series can be reflected to State of Kuwait as I will discuss as follows. America wasn't discovered, it was built. At the end of the Civil War, America was seen as a failing experiment in democracy. Just 50 years later, the United States was the greatest superpower the world had ever seen. This landmark transition was due in no small part to a group of business-savvy, innovative young men: John D. Rockefeller, Cornelius Vanderbilt, Andrew Carnegie, Henry Ford, J.P. Morgan and Thomas Edison. These men constructed a bold vision for a modern America and transformed the greatest industries of our time, including oil, rail, steel, shipping, automobiles and finance; they are unequivocally America's first captains of industry. Reformation changes have been implemented by Theodore Roosevelt who assumed the presidency after William McKinley’s assassination, due to his prejudiced polices in favor of the Titans, and promptly begins dissolving monopolies and trusts in America which was resulted in the emergence of a new generation of businessmen representing in Henry Ford as well as the redistribution of wealth between rich businessmen and poor people. While on the other hand, in 1937 the 15-year trade blockades against Kuwait were lifted and Kuwait's large oil reserves were discovered by the US-British Kuwait Oil Company. Kuwait economy from its very beginnings is a state-owned economy which also may also involve the Concept of Monopoly which existed in the American Economy, in a different form, in the American Economy before Roosevelt’s Reformation Movement. The present episode reveals that there is a similarity between the Beginnings of the American and Kuwaiti Economies. While the American Economy was a privately-owned economy at its beginning, the Kuwaiti Economy was a state-owned one. However, there is a difference between both economies which represents in the successful results of the American endeavors of making the required balance between the State-Owned and the Privately-Owned Businesses; the matter which requires more efforts to be done from the Kuwaiti Side. The American model can be replicated to Kuwait which has a reasonable environment for guaranteeing success, but firstly some measures will have to be taken by Kuwait. As a socialist economy and the fact that Kuwait owns almost all industrial firms raises the question of how much privatization should be taken, how to implement it and at what rate. Some countries, who have undergone privatization, decided to privatize a large number of firms at a very quick pace, and this helps economies of scale and political urgency of speed. Therefore, with mass privatization the impact of the policy has been faced initial deficiencies, and there has been absence of clarifications of rights and other reforms. Thus, to reduce uncertainty, Kuwait should pursue a strategy that gradually allows privatization to attain the required balance in the Kuwaiti Economy. The episode also displays a successful American model which embodied in Henry Ford whose emergence was as a result of the reformative anti-monopoly rules which were taken by the American President Teddy Roosevelt. Ford used his innovation and managed to produce his first manufactured car in an affordable price for all the American common people. This concept of innovation must be followed and practically imitated in the Kuwaiti Model. I can here display some of the innovative ideas which could be implemented in State of Kuwait. Being factor driven, where oil and gas are the main competitive resource for Kuwait. This factor is not enough to keep Kuwait competitive in the worldwide industry. To help improve Kuwait competitive performance among the GCC countries, different challenges has to be addressed. Educational reform, investing in research and development, and regulating the capital and labor markets. In addition, the infrastructural investment is necessary. Furthermore, Kuwait should target a new Industry and have a competitive edge in the world economy, The GCC are among the worst polluters globally, therefore being a leader In green research and technology, and alternative energy will help in Kuwait in addressing the problem of pollution, and as well having a positioning its self as a leader in alternative energy. Moreover, in order to provide a reliable base load for electricity, nuclear energy will in fact be the best option. Kuwait should invest in nuclear power plant, this will in turn convert some of the huge capital overseas to local physical capital, thus inward investing. For safeguard reasons, Kuwait should sign-up for monitoring mechanisms, when it decides to acquire nuclear technology. Last but not least, Creating Public private partnership will have significant growth in investment. Public Authorities should ensure a legislative base for a better business environment and facilitates the procedures and process needed for private business and foreign direct investment. To diversify in the financing channels, developing a corporate debt market (bond Market) should be done. This will help diversify the financial and business center, and will encourage inward investment.
On September 6, 1901, Leon F. Czolgosz had murdered McKinley at the Pan American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. President McKinley was “celebrating the mighty United State he had build”, not expecting to be close to his death in just a few short hours (Rauchway, pg. 7). McKinley was a conservative president who also was an experienced congressman and governor of Ohio that promised prosperity to the country “McKinley had presented himself to the voters as the embodiment of conservatism, and he looked the part. His stern, square features, topped by the level of a dark brow, had all the expression of a closed door.” (pg.4). His promises of prosperity to the country came true bringing the country out of crisis and bringing it back to life. Rauchway claims that McKinley was an astounding President whose life came to end to soon by the two bullets fired from the man’s gun. Czolgosz knew the consequences of killing the President, but believed he did his duty in doing so. He did not approve of any of McKinley’s policies so he decided to end the President’s life and show America’s vulnerability. Rauchway claims that Czolgosz aim at America was
During the Gilded Age—a period that began in the 1870s wherein the United States experienced tremendous economic growth—affluent industrialists such as John D. Rockefeller, Andrew W. Mellon, Cornelius Vanderbilt, J.P. Morgan, and Andrew Carnegie exercised, owing in large part to their wealth, enormous influence over the direction of American politics. Though left unaddressed during the Gilded Age, the issue of corporate involvement in political affairs was eventually identified as a corrosive problem in President Theodore Roosevelt’s 1904 State of the Union address. In his address, Roosevelt asserted that corporate spending in federal elections had the potential to engender corruption—or the appear...
Opening with the event of McKinley’s shooting and the man who shot him, Rauchway quickly zooms out, distancing us from the scene, reflecting on the political status of the President, who “in the instant before he was shot” had “stood at the peak of hi...
In the final paragraph, President Kennedy connects everything together to reach the conclusion. He creates a judgemental and disappointed tone when discussing what “a few gigantic corporations have decided to” do rather than what “they could” do. He once again paints this narrative that steel companies don’t act out of public interest, and that the the audience must force them to. The “Steel Workers Union”, “Department of Justice”, “Federal Trade Commission”, and “the Department of Defense” can “be proud” of what they are doing, however, it is not enough. This is key in Kennedy’s speech, because it is the final reason why the public needs to retaliate against the recent greedy actions of steel corporations.
Tarbell had always accused the leader of the Standard Oil Company, John D. Rockefeller, of putting her father and many other small oil companies out of business by the use of his ruthless tactics. ...
The Founding Fathers were a revolutionary group, diverse in personalities and ideologies but shared the common goal of American liberty. They understood that the citizens should have a say in their government, and the government only obtains its power from the citizen’s consent. In order to avoid endless debates on issues that needed to be solved immediately, the revolutionary leaders compromised their beliefs. Joseph J. Ellis writes of the compromises that changed the constitutional debate into the creation of political parties in, The Founding Brothers. The 3 main chapters that show cased The Founding Brothers’ compromises are The Dinner, The Silence, and The Collaborators.
During the 1800’s, business leaders who built their affluence by stealing and bribing public officials to propose laws in their favor were known as “robber barons”. J.P. Morgan, a banker, financed the restructuring of railroads, insurance companies, and banks. In addition, Andrew Carnegie, the steel king, disliked monopolistic trusts. Nonetheless, ruthlessly destroying the businesses and lives of many people merely for personal profit; Carnegie attained a level of dominance and wealth never before seen in American history, but was only able to obtain this through acts that were dishonest and oftentimes, illicit. Document D resentfully emphasizes the alleged capacity of the corrupt industrialists. In the picture illustrated, panic-stricken people pay acknowledgment to the lordly tycoons. Correlating to this political cartoon, in 1900, Carnegie was willing to sell his holdings of his company. During the time Morgan was manufacturing
(7 There once was an Italian man by the name of Amerigo Vespucci, who sailed the seas and explored South America. And later named America after himself.
The mid 19th century is one of the major turnaround in the history of the United States. That is the time when America became an Industrial giant and emerged as one of the powerful countries in the world. Industrial revolution changed the people’s way of living in the whole world especially the United States from hand and home productivity to machine and factory. America rose from rural and agricultural country to an urban-industrial that introduces new technologies. United States has been through a lot of ups and down in spite of its emergence and three books tells the story of the Industrial America in three different perspectives. Each of these perspectives creates the whole idea of what Industrial Revolution is all about.
Shortly after the American Revolution, the United States entered an era of profound economic and social change that was dominated first by the Market Revolution and subsequently by Andrew Jackson’s skillful use of the power of the presidency to crack down on capitalist exploitation. Jackson’s first biographer, James Parton, however, describes the legacy of the seventh President’s administration as one fraught with controversy, “Andrew Jackson was a patriot, and a traitor. He was the greatest of generals, and wholly ignorant of the art of war. He was the most candid of men, and capable of the profoundest dissimulation. He was a democratic autocrat, an urbane savage, an atrocious saint.”
I had learned lots of new things this year and especially this semester in U.S. History Since 1877. This history course required all students to complete twenty hours of service learning or to write a term paper. After considering the two options, I decided to give the service learning a chance because I thought it would be an interesting experience. There were a variety of projects to choose from, but I felt that the Sustainability Project was the right fit for me.
During the 1800’s, America was going through a time of invention and discovery known as the Industrial Revolution. America was in its first century of being an independent nation and was beginning to make the transition from a “home producing” nation to a technological one. The biggest contribution to this major technological advancement was the establishment of the Transcontinental Railroad because it provided a faster way to transport goods, which ultimately boosted the economy and catapulted America to the Super Power it is today.
Before the American Revolution, the trends of colonial history remained rather consistent. The European superpowers continued to expand, reaping exponential benefits from the nations in which they colonized. Thomas Bender argues that the American Revolution was not just a revolution for the people of the continental United States, but was rather the starting point of a continuous global revolution that inspired social change and governmental autonomy for the colonized people. Bender examines global trends in Central and South America, as well as Europe before America’s Declaration of Independence to demonstrate that prior to the American Revolution, the great powers of Europe ruled with minimal backlash, exploiting weaker nations for increased
Throughout the late nineteenth and the early twentieth century, the United States economy changed dramatically as the country transformed from a rural agricultural nation to an urban industrial gian, becoming the leading manufacturing country in the world. The vast expansion of the railroads in the late 1800s’ changed the early American economy by tying the country together into one national market. The railroads provided tremendous economic growth because it provided a massive market for transporting goods such as steel, lumber, and oil. Although the first railroads were extremely successful, the attempt to finance new railroads originally failed. Perhaps the greatest physical feat late 19th century America was the creation of the transcontinental railroad. The Central Pacific Company, starting in San Francisco, and the new competitor, Union Pacific, starting in Omaha. The two companies slaved away crossing mountains, digging tunnels, and laying track the entire way. Both railroads met at Promontory, Utah on May 10, 1869, and drove one last golden spike into the completed railway. Of course the expansion of railroads wasn’t the only change being made. Another change in the economy was immigration.
middle of paper ... ... On Rockefeller’s march to the top of the oil industry, he stomped upon the lives of many hard working American’s. The smaller oil operations had no chance of competing with Standard Oil due to all the tactics they employed to keep their prices low. This ravished small town families and had a similar effect as to what Wal-Mart does to family run shops nowadays.