The Massacre of the Champs de Mars
This is a letter from Madame Marie-Jeanne Roland to a confidant and is
therefore a private, discursive source. The letter, written the day
following the massacre was her private views of what took place. The
information within the letter leads the reader to believe that Madame
Roland was present at the Champs de Mars when the massacre occurred.
However, as we do not know where exactly she was whilst this event
took place, we cannot say how true this version of the events leading
up to the massacre is. If she was in the Champs de Mars whilst these
events took place then this is a strong source for a study of the
massacre. However if she heard what took place second hand, it will
have its limitations. Some questions, like the following, would need
to be answered - from whom has she heard this information, are they
for or against the monarchy, were they at the Champs de Mars when the
massacre happened?.
To write a study on the massacre of the Champs de Mars, there are
certain words and phrases that would need to be explained in order to
understand better what happened. In paragraph 1 "the altar of the
fatherland" was a wooden erection established in the Champs de Mars in
1790; "functionaries" were government officials, whilst the phrases
"the municipality had been previously informed according to the
rules", "with its iron sceptre outstretched" and "in the confidence of
the most sacred rights and legitimate intentions" would need to be
clarified. In paragraph 2 "the red flag" was a symbol of martial law
and the phrase " the three summonses prescribed by law were neglected"
would also need to be ...
... middle of paper ...
...the government (or the king?)
has acted in an aggressive and oppressive manner using the National
Guard to disperse the crowd with violence. Madame Roland appears to be
in sympathy with the reasons the crowd had gathered and that the
National Guard were in a rather blood thirsty mood as once they had
fired their volleys, the cavalry charged after the fleeing crowd and
cut them down with their sabres and "this peaceful and trusting
assembly of honest men put to rout".
As a whole I would say that this is a reasonably strong document to
use as a study of "The massacre of the Champs de Mars". However, as a
historian I would only be able to produce a weak article if I did not
investigate information from other groups and sources to give me a
more complete picture of what happened at the Champs de Mars on 18
July 1791.
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