It is believed that Atahualpa was born for the year 1500, in Cajamarca, now knows as Peru. His parents were Huayna Capac and Tocto Coca. Atahualpa was a respectful person, because to his very early age, he showed the people to be a very intelligent and bravely person. His father and Willac Umu who was the great priest of the Sol died around the year 1525, Atahualpa´s dad delivered the red mascaypacha to Huáscar, who got Cuzco's kingdom and to Atahualpa the kingdom of Quito. Initially there was peace between both kings, but in the king of Huascar there were people that didn´t want him and Atahualpa expanded his kingdom, making big battles and a big loosing of life between those kingdoms.
Huascar also wanted to expand his king. So he called his brothers by dad´s blood to the Cusco, making an excuse of supposedly Huayna Capac's mummy was going to come to Cusco. Noble faithful persons to Atahualpa told him that he should not go, because he could be kill, so Atahualpa send delegates represented him and of course they die with other people.
Atahualpa was convinced by the nobility Incas of Quito and Tumibamba that he had to fight against Huáscar. So a great army was prepared that was in charge of generals Quisquis, Calcuchímac and Rumiñahui, and they also did a ceremony, to put it on a red mascaypacha, for recognize Atahualpa the new sovereignly of Tahuantinsuyo.
At the beginning Atahualpa had many defeats, but this didn´t stop him, on his way to Cusco, in charge of his generals. The most important battle that they had was the battle of Chontascaxas, where the people of Quito took prisoner to Sapa Inca. So Atahualpa´s army killed many closer families of Huascar specially the descendants of Tupac Yupanqui that was the panaca Cápac Ay...
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... to be priest and guardian of his body, got the throne. He could not still going with the negotiations as his brothers, because the viceking Francisco Toledo wanted to end with the problems of Vilcabamba. So, Tupac Amaru, close the entrance to Vilcabamba, still in1572 the Spanish army could get in, but Tupac Amaru has escaped to the jungle, anyway he was captured and taken to Cusco. Here he was beheaded and his head was put in a public place, for that the Indias could see that to get intimidate of the Spanish.
Soon, some people went back to Spain and the commentaries and questions were presented like: if Pizarro had the legal right to invade Peru, to take Atahualpa hostage, to kill thousands of people and to take their gold. So the excuse was that Atahualpa, usurped the throne to his old brother Huáscar, but this was false argument because the age didn’t matter.
Little is known about Pedro de Cieza de Leon’s youth. Historians have discovered that Pedro de Cieza de Leon was a Spaniard, a conquistador, and a writer of Peru’s history. Pedro de Cieza de Leon was not well educated and had only the most basic education from his local school parish (Atlantis). Although he did not have a superior education, his four part book is reliable because he wrote about what he observed as a conquistador. This document is full of interesting information for the reader to discover the Inca’s way of living.
In 1510, Montezuma turned his attention to a series of revolts and revolutionary flare-ups in the Aztec territories. These battles only increased the size of the Aztec Empire. The Aztecs also continued their Flower Wars with the Tlaxcatlecans to provide human sacrifices to their god Huitzilopochtli. Around the same time, Montezuma’s oracles passed information that there were strangers in the midst. In fact, his astrologer priests foretold of the coming of Quetzalcóatl, a white bearded god who was believed to eventually reclaim their empire. Reputed claims of Whit...
The history of the Western hemisphere is full of war and conquest. One of the most significant and defining of those conquests is the downfall of the Mexica/Aztec Empire. While there are many other events to choose from, this one stands out since it was one over one of the largest empires in Central America. It is also important to look at because of the immense cultural impact it had. The story of this takeover reads like a movie script, a small band of Spaniards single handedly takes down the most powerful empire in Central America. It was an epic battle, which unfortunately led to the destruction of a magnificent culture. As in any major historical event there are many underlying themes and storylines that come together to make the event happen. The Spanish conquest of the Aztec is no different. Three major themes are seen in this struggle. One of them is the incredible advantage that the Spaniards technology gave them over the Aztecs. A second major theme is the greed that fueled the conquests in the New World. The last major theme was the effect of the political divisions and rivalries within Montezuma’s Central American Kingdom. As this historical event progressed each one of these themes began to intertwine until they became an almost unstoppable force.
Moctezuma welcomed Cortes and gave him a place to use inside the city. However, Cortes being extremely greedy took Moctezuma captive and demanded for even more gold. Thus, they started the battle for Mexico.
Tupac Amaru Shakur was born on June 16, 1971 in New York City to Afeni Shakur, a Black Panther member since 1968. She gave birth to him 2 months after she was released from Women’s House of Detentions in Grenwich Village. She was charged with conspiracy to bomb several New York public locations and just had her bail revoked. In court she represented herself and won against the state of New York in a surprising turn out. In Incan dialect, his name Tupac Amaru means “shining serpent” and Shakur is Arabic for “thankful to God.” For most of his childhood his crack addicted mother shuffled Tupac between the ghettos of Harlem and the Bronx. Young Tupac began his performance career with the 127th Street Ensemble and then enrolled Baltimore School for the Arts where he was educated in ballet and acting. Tupac was forced to drop out of the school because he had to move to California with his mother, where his criminal career began. He left his house at the age of 17 because of the continuous fights with his mother he then began selling/doing drugs, and was homeless for about 2 years. His life was spiraling down wards at a rapid rate. Till one day he got his big break. Tupac always dreamt about being famous someday, now his dream was becoming a reality. He struck a recording deal with Interscope records. He was on his way to super stardom, but as we all know with fame comes problems. He was involved in the shooting of two off duty police officers, although the chargers were later dropped. He was also convicted of rape, and sentenced to 5 years in Clinton Correctional Facilities.
Chavin de Huantar was located in Peru and developed around 900 B.C. late in the Initial Period. At an elevation of 3,150 m., Chavin de Huantar was situated at the bottom of Cordillera Blanca’s eastern slopes, approximately halfway between tropical forests and coastal plains. At the intersection of major routes, Chavin de Huantar was in the position to control the routes, increase their exchange with others, and receive goods that were not natural to their area. Chavin de Huantar was an agricultural society, home to a fairly large population.
Huayna Capac made sure that there was no such question over who had unreserved control nor allow his future heir to be afflicted with opposition to his legitimacy. Like all Incan Emperors, after first coming into power, each went on an expedition around his kingdom and its peripheries, in its entirety, to understand exactly where his boundaries are. After his excursion, he continued the expansion that his father began, and did so through a 5 step c...
War.” The actions that sparked their new revolution occurred on the eve of Peru’s first
According to the legend, the Aztecs, who referred to themselves as the Mexica, spent years wandering through central Mexico in search of a homeland. In AD 1325, the Aztecs founded their new capital Tenochtitlan (Moctezuma, 9). Years later, the Aztecs started to build their renowned empire. The Aztec Empire was made up of the Triple Alliance: Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan (Moctezuma, 55). Agriculture was the basis of the Aztec’s economy, but conquest and warfare lead to economic expansion and the accumulation of tributes from conquered towns (Moctezuma, 21). War was vital, for it maintained and expanded the economic and religious basis (Moctezuma, 55). The Aztec warriors were the driving force of much of the Aztec empires success because of their training, weaponry, wardress, sacrificing, and combat.
The Mexica, or more commonly known as Aztecs, were a small tribe searching for a new place to settle during the 12th century. Before the Aztecs came to the Valley of Mexico, the area had already been inhabited by other tribal groups wandering the land. One of these groups of inhabitants built the city of Teotihuacan. An empire was made due to the expansion and growth of Teotihuacan. At about 600 A.D., the empire of Teotihuacan was overthrown by other tribes. Centuries later, another empire was created by the people of the city of Tollan. They were known as the Toltecs. Their empire lasted from about the 10th to 12th century. At the end of the 12th century, Tollan was captured and destroyed by its enemies (Watkins). The Aztecs did not migrate
Hernan Cortes along with the Spanish army of five hundred, and thousands of Indian warriors declared war with the Aztecs. Moctezuma believed that the person coming towards his land was Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl who was forced into exile, but promised to return. Topiltzin was born in the year ce acatl, departed during ce acatl. Coincedently Cortes came in the year of ce acatl, unfortunately for Moctezuma having his guards down and his arms open during the start of the war.
The Rise and fall of the Aztec Empire is possibly the most important area of study in the modern world. Of all of the nomadic tribes who migrated into Mexico, the Aztecs were one of the last. At first driven away by established tribes, the Aztecs slowly began to develop an empire of immense wealth and power by the late fifteenth century. Due in large part to the accomplishments of their ruler Itzcoatl, the empire expanded to include millions of people from a number of different tribes, including the Cempoala, who would later aid the Spanish in defeating the Aztecs. Because of the "melting pot" within the empire, the Aztecs had a very diverse culture. However, this immense Aztec Empire would soon be brought to its knees by the doings of one man and his army.
Throughout all of this Tupac had made rivals with many people. He was beginning to be hated by just about everyone. He had his talent by his side though and he began filming movies.
...The last two reasons that the Aztecs were defeated had to do with the disease that the Spaniards brought with them from Europe mainly small pox and the Aztec warfare rituals. The Aztecs had never been exposed to this disease and therefore their immune systems could not beat it and it eventually claimed the lives of thousands of Indians not only the Aztecs. The Aztecs had many rituals that they performed and most of them had to do with human sacrifice and this was something unspeakable and unholy in the eyes of the Spaniards which only fueled their cause in killing them and stopping such barbaric acts. Also the Aztecs would perform rituals before declaring war which the Spaniards used to their advantage and caught them off guard with their immediate attack of Tenochtitlan. These were the most important factors that led to the eventual fall of the Aztec empire.
When the Spanish arrived in 1519, Cortes took complete advantage of this. After defeating the Tlaxcalan people, he then forged an alliance with them to increase his small numbers. Cortes’ forces continued to grow in this fashion as many indigenous people joined to rebel against the authority who controlled them. After suffering a terrible defeat at the hands of the Aztecs, Cortes retreated to rally more forces. He was soon joined by more Spanish soldiers from Cuba and he continued to enlist the native people. His army grew much larger and it consisted of ten times more natives than Spaniards. “He enlarged his army, numbering around 1,000 Spaniards and 10,000 Tlaxcalans and other Indian allies”. These larger numbers combined with the smallpox epidemic that weaken the Aztecs, allowed the Spaniards and the rebelling Native Americans to lay siege to Tenochtitlan and eventually emerge victorious. “Tlaxcalans took revenge on an old enemy [the Aztecs] by massacring thousands of city residents”. With the help of the native people, the larger Aztec empire fell to the smaller Spanish