The Life and Contribution to the Development of the British Empire of James Cook
I) Introduction
The purpose of this paper is to describe the life and the contribution to the development of the British Empire of one of the most important English explorers. It was in the second half of the 18th century when James Cook, originally a poor farm boy, explored and mapped vast uncharted areas of the Pacific and the Atlantic Ocean. However, James Cook was not ‘only’ an explorer. He can also be called a scientist – he managed to introduce new principles into seafaring and cartography.
For better understanding, the paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which throws light on the purpose and structure of the paper.
The second chapter is a brief introduction to the situation in Great Britain in the 18th century. It helps to explain why and how the so called “the First British Empire” was built up and later destroyed, and what led to the creation of “the Second British Empire”.
The third chapter deals with Capt. Cook’s life and his three unique expeditions to the Pacific.
The fourth part of the paper summarises Cook’s achievements and his contribution to the development of the British Empire.
The fifth chapter forms the conclusion of the paper.
II) A brief introduction to the situation in Great Britain in the 18th century.
Great Britain became a great world power in this period. Under the leadership of William Pitt the Elder, Britain’s Prime Minister and at the same time a man who believed that the strength of the nation's economy depended on overseas expansion, the country gained vast territories all over the world and the so called “the First British Empire” was founded.
The reasons why Great Britain was so successful can be divided into four groups:
• “Revolutions” – the Industrial Revolution, a financial revolution and a revolution in agriculture made Britain the leading power in Europe. The creation of the Bank of England in 1694 helped to raise capital for colonial wars and to support British trade. At the beginning of the 18th century a series of mechanical inventions enabled the building of the world's first mechanised factories. A steam engine invented in1769 provided the power to drive machinery and thus enabled mass production of goods. The new ways of making products more quick...
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.... Impérium. Praha: BB art, 1999
CD-ROM:
Encarta 98 encyclopedia. „Cook, Captain James.“ Microsoft. CD-ROM.
Microsoft Item: X03-22823
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Overall, the gender metaphors used in Indian tribes and European societies were very similar. Shoemaker brings up an interesting point that gender metaphors come from a person’s daily experiences. This point complicates the thought that Indians and Europeans are complete polar opposites and maybe could have many more similarities between them.
The State of Britain in 1815 After the end of the Napoleonic wars between France and England, which had lasted about a quarter of a century, England was the most powerful country in the world. This had come about because of many changes throughout Britain in Industry, Agriculture, Society, and Politics and also because of International incidents. The culmination of all these changes was that Britain had changed dramatically and had become a much more 'modern' state. In this essay I will be exploring the changes and what effects they had. From about 1750 the Industrial Revolution had begun in Britain, this was the transition from an essentially land based economy to an industrial one with high levels of services industries and manufacturing.
Jeremy Black and Donald M. Macraild, 19th Century Britain (New York, Palgrave Macmillan, 2003) 100-104
Schama, Simon. A History of Britain: At the Edge of the World?. New York, New York: Hyperion, 2000. Print.
Folklore is very important on a culture relating to legends, myths and fairy tales. The generations will keep telling the legends, myths and fairytales to the next
Sweden has always been a strong proponent of giving shelter those who looked for it. This fact still rings true today, but like everything Sweden has its limits and it has become evident that this crisis is beginning to wear down on the generous nation. The combination of the open door policy and the fact that Sweden is a welfare state makes it a target for all those who seek asylum. Sweden would rather not turn away migrants but since the end of 2015 some 163,000 migrants applied for asylum, the highest per capita number in Europe (EU Migrant Crisis 2016). There is also a fear of within Sweden, although not as bad as most european countries, that the refugees will bring trouble. In some cities police have already began to issue warnings to their citizens to help prevent certain crimes (Neff, 2016). There is also the possibility of radical citizens who are opposed to the migrants, retaliating violently. But even through all this Sweden would still like to keep its reputation as exemplary humanitarians. Sweden still has plans to build more homes to accommodate the increased population. The fact of the matter is the increased population could benefit the economy, it’s only when the numbers exceed expectations is when problems arise. Unfortunately, the amount of migrants pouring into Sweden has caused the minister of
History can tell people many things about the past, about where people came from, how they developed. People can learn many things from history, and this can prevent humans from repeating the past and making a better future. This becomes especially important when taking into account medical history. Medical history can prevent harm of a specific patient, but also prevent harm and asses risks for their family members. Multigenerational medical history covers many generations of close and distant relatives and any medical issues they may have had. This can be especially helpful to promote prevention of a known family disease. If a person knows that their family is at risk for inheriting a genetic disease, they can start early on watching
It is important for an individual to keep searching for the light because it is easy to get lost in the darkness of the world. ‘Where the Light is’ by Dan Bremnes is a Christian song that would mean a lot to a person who was raised in the Christian church. It would be difficult for a non-Christian to find meaning within the song. The lyrics are directed towards Christians who at a young age were taught to believe the messages of the bible and the church. The song is about searching for ‘the light’. This does not mean to literally find a light, but it means to find a place where you are happy; where you feel positive and joyful. The light helps with not being brought down by the darkness in the world, and finding positivity in a world full of negativity.
When the peace negotiation between Great Britain and the United States occurred, Britain had disregarded its Indian allies. It transferred all British-claimed land from the west up to the Mississippi River to the Americans, even though Indians were living throughout all of the territories. In 1793, Governor general Lord Dorchester and Sir John Johnson had informed Joseph Brant about their intentions to achieve peace between the western Indians and the United States. However, both men had intended on deliberately deceiving Brant, and donated false information
The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were tumultuous times in Europe. The major powers of Europe were all vying for dominance of the world economy, and were trying all kinds of methods in order to achieve that goal. As the centuries passed, Britain came to dominate the Atlantic trade and became one of, if not the major power in Europe. The question is though, how did Britain come to this dominant position in the Atlantic economy? While the rise of Britain cannot be attributed to just one aspect of society, it can be said that the economic policies of Britain greatly influenced their rise to power and are a significant reason for their dominance in Atlantic trade.
George Clark, An Illustrated History of Great Britain, Second Edition. Published by Oxford University Press in 1982
Carswell, John. The Descent on England; a Study of the English Revolution of 1688 and Its European Background. New York: John Day, 1969. Print.
The increase in population meant that there were more people in surplus from agricultural jobs and they had to find work in industrial factories, which was the basis of the Industrial Revolution. One of the darker causes for the Industrial Revolution was the slave trade with overseas colonies at the time. For many merchants who saw the easy money to be made from the voyages, the merchants became extremely rich – and as it is in human nature – these rich merchants wanted to become even more rich, the seemingly best way to do this was to invest profits from the slave trade into the new factories that were arising, this is called “Commercial Revolution”. Britain was one of the few countries that was able to bring in profits from other countries and keep profits in their country, aiding them into being the first country to Revolutionise Industrially. The new invention of steam power was one of the great motives for the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, steam was used to power many of the machines, thus with the invention of steam power, the Industrial Revolution was powered onwards.
Acquisition of accurate history is the crucial first step in determining the etiology of a patient illness. So, one of the most important thing to reach a suitable treatment is a good medical history. The good relationship between the patient and physician can facilitate the process of obtaining a medical history. medical history is an information obtained from the patient about his illness to aid in establishing a medical diagnosis and developing a suitable treatment plan.
Denmark has some of the harshest immigration policies in Europe. In reference to immigration laws, Jacob Mchangama, director of legal affairs for Cepos, The Danish Centre for Political Studies, had told Politiken, “Sure it’s a form of discrimination, but according to international law, states have the right to choose who is allowed to come in.” There are immigration laws so mixed up and edited over the years that not even lawyers can begin to comprehend the meanings of their contents. According to Jens Vedsted-Hansen, “Decisions on asylum, family reunification and EU residence are often right on the edge of Denmark’s international obligations and in some cases probably incompatible with international laws.” The long list of amendments to immigration laws, while it is good for the government to do since it shows that they are adjusting throughout the years, makes for a rather