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Lack of clean drinking water
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Introduction
During the Earth’s known existence, many raise questions to a substance that is a vital necessity to our life here. Some even may claim that the start of our lives may have occurred and begun in a single drop of this universal solvent. This mysterious compound, which may have led to our development and the survival of our existence what, is it? This is H2O, or as we call it, Water. This vital life form covers over 70 percent of the Earth, and makes up about 70 percent of our body as well. We know all of this though, so what is the history behind the thing that keeps me functioning? I will need to look at: who discovered water, how it received its identity, the discovery of its chemical make-up, and its vitality to us. There is
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Antoine Laviosier discovered, through electrical experiments, that Hydrogen and Oxygen could be made from water. He made this discovery during the time of the 1770s. The credit of its composition can be given to James Watt in 1783 or Henry Cavendish in 1781. Henry “experimented with hydrogen and oxygen and mixed these elements together to create an explosion (oxyhydrogen effect).” James suggested the composition, while Henry recombined the element of Hydrogen and Oxygen but didn’t publish it until years later after Watt. In the year the years after there came an amazing discovery done by a man named Jöns Jakob Berzelius, and one known as Amadeo Avogadro. Avogadro and Berzelius fixed the atomic weights of these two elements and gave us, what we know today, …show more content…
Most substances occupy less volume as a solid than they do as liquid. Solid water - ice as we tend to call it - has a higher volume, which is why it's not recommended to freeze a bottle full of water, and why ice floats on a pond. It's often said that this is a unique property of water” (Clegg).
One thing that makes what as important as we all know it to be it that is known as, “the universal solvent.” This makes it a really well substance for dissolving others. It can also act as transport and take vital nutrients to living cells to the human body, and other things as well. Water is not only involved in making compounds, it can also be used in many metabolic processes necessary for our body’s survival. It is also a conductor of electricity due to the ions that are formed in water.
With water being so necessary to life some tend to worry about shortages. The short answer is that, “No” we won’t run out of water. There is such an abundance of this amazing thing, and much of it returns to the source anyways. The problem that we as people are going to experience is that we may run out of water that we can actually use. Water has many properties and many responsibilities, way too many too cover. As we see though this is a very unique and exciting
Water is the life blood of every living creature on earth. Approximately 70 percent of the earth's surface is covered with water. Through the wonders of nature, water can take on many different forms. It is easy to understand the significance water plays in our lives, but it may be difficult to understand the water that exists below the earth's surface. This water is called groundwater.
The Periodic table of elements is an extremely important and useful scientific tool, mostly in the area of chemistry, but also in many other scientific areas. It has been around for hundreds of years and over time has been continuously added to and develop by many different scientists. The Periodic table contains over 100 elements, each one with varying physical and chemical properties. The Periodic table has not been simply one person creating and discovering all the elements, it has been the combined work of many different scientists. Although, Dimitri Mendeleev is often considered the creator or even father of the Periodic system.
In life and society as most of you know, chemistry is involved in everything in this entire world including; animals, plants, and even food! Although most people don’t like chemistry due to all the equations and “Stoichiometry”, it plays a significant role in everyday life. Thanks to many scientists in the past, we can now use the knowledge of their theories and postulates to find new technology and other scientific advancements to help the evolvement of many organisms in this world.
The Biological Importance of Water as a Solvent and as a Medium for Living Organisms
Four-hundred years ago, scientists began identifying substances now know as elements. They began recognising patterns in the properties as the number of know elements grew, leading to the beginning of classification schemes that would come to devise the periodic table as we know it today ("The Periodic Table", n.d.).
Water has a great number of roles in living organisms, this is largely to do with the structure and covalent bonding in a single water molecule, and between water molecules. Around 75% of the earth is covered in water, and it is reffered to as the most important Biochemical. Its chemical symbol is: H2O In a water molecule there are two bonding pairs and two non-bonding pairs of electrons. These four pairs of electrons repel one another, forming a tetrahedral pattern.
Hydrogen is a tasteless, odorless, colorless gas. Hydrogen is found in group 1 and period 1 on the periodic table. Hydrogen is classified as a nonmetal on the periodic table. The symbol for hydrogen is represented by an H, its atomic number is 1, and its atomic weight is 1.0079. The hydrogen atom consists of one proton, which has a positive charge, and one electron, which has a negative charge. The term hydrogen comes from two Greek words meaning water-former. Henry Cavendish, an English scientist, discovered it in 1766. Named by Lavoisier, hydrogen is the most abundant of all elements in the universe. The sun and many other stars consist of mostly hydrogen. It is the third most abundant element on earth. It is estimated that hydrogen makes up more than 90% of all the atoms or three quarters of the mass of the universe. Hydrogen plays an important part in powering the universe though both the proton-proton reaction and carbon-nitrogen cycle. Hydrogen occurs in almost all organic compounds. Many of the compounds found in plant and animal tissues are organic. Production of hydrogen in the U.S. alone now amounts to about 3 billion cubic feet per year. Some of the methods that hydrogen is prepared by are steam on heated carbon, decomposition of certain hydrocarbons with heat, action of sodium or potassium hydroxide on aluminum, or displacement from acids by certain metals. Hydrogen may be condensed to a liquid that boils at -257.87°C and freezes at -259.14°C. Hydrogen ...
The earliest knowledge of chemistry was in 3500 B.C in Egypt and Mesopotamia. Chemistry was concerned anything that was pottery, dyes or crafts that were developed but not considerable skills because no one truly understood its purpose. The basic idea of elements or compounds were first formulated by Greek philosopher during 500 to 300 B.C when people believed fire , water, earth, and air combined to form all living and non-living things. In the beginning of Christianity an ancient Egyptian and Greek philosopher were fused into the new ideas of science, starting with little experiments such as turning metal into gold or imitation of precious gems. Later on people such as Robert Boyle, Robert Hooke and John Mayow were just the few people who discovered specific things in history.
Chemistry has been around for a very long time. Chemistry is the branch of physical science that studies composition, properties, energy, and behavior of matter. It is said that chemistry has been around since prehistoric times. This was in the form of everyday objects like pottery, cosmetics and perfumes, and extracting metals from ores. Chemistry is based on the discovery and study of elements. Some elements were known to ancient man, but most were discovered by chemists and alchemists. Some say that chemistry started in the early Stone Age when man made fire. Chemistry is the study of chemical composition and properties of matter and the reactions of that matter. The study of any living thing involves chemistry.
life as we know it would not have been possible. This essay will examine the water molecule
Brief History Jöns Jacob Berzelius, a physician by trade, first coined the term "organic chemistry" in 1807 for the study of compounds derived from biological sources. Up through the early 19th century, naturalists and scientists observed critical differences between compounds that were derived from living things and those that were not. Chemists of the period noted that there seemed to be an essential yet inexplicable difference between the properties of the two different types of compounds. The vital force theory (sometimes called "vitalism") was therefore proposed (and widely accepted) as a way to explain these differences. Vitalism proposed that there was a something called a "vital force" which existed within organic material but did not exist in any inorganic materials. {text:bookmark-start} {text:bookmark-end} Friedrich Wöhler is widely regarded as a pioneer in organic chemistry as a result of his synthesizing of the biological compound urea (a component of urine in many animals) utilizing what is now called "the Wöhler synthesis." Wöhler mixed silver or lead cyanate with ammonium nitrate; this was supposed to yield ammonium cyanate as a result of an exchange reaction, according to Berzelius's dualism theory. Wöhler, however, discovered that the end product of this reaction is not ammonium cyanate (NH4OCN), an inorganic salt, but urea ((NH2)2CO), a biological compound. (Furthermore, heating ammonium cyanate turns it into urea.) Faced with this result, Berzelius had to concede that (NH2)2CO and NH4OCN were isomers. Until this discovery in the year 1828, it was widely believed by chemists that organic substances could only be formed under the influence of the "vital force" in the bodies of animals and plants. Wöhler's synthesis dramatically proved that view to be false. Organic chemistry focuses on carbon and following movement of the electrons in carbon chains and rings, and also how electrons are shared with other carbon atoms and heteroatoms. Organic chemistry is primarily concerned with the properties of covalent bonds and non-metallic elements, though ions and metals do play critical roles in some reactions. The applications of organic chemistry are myriad, and include all sorts of plastics, dyes, flavorings, scents, detergents, explosives, fuels and many, many other products. Read the ingredient list for almost any kind of food that you eat — or even your shampoo bottle — and you will see the handiwork of organic chemists listed there. {text:bookmark-start} {text:bookmark-end} Major Advances in the Field of Organic Chemistry Of course no description of a text should be without at least a mention of Antoine Laurent Lavoisier.
Water is an essential nutrient that our body requires every day. Without water human life cannot be sustained. Water deprivation kills faster than lack of any other nutrient. People do not think of water as a nutrient and don’t realize the important role of water in the body functions.
Water is the most vital part of life. Water is needed from humans, to plants and other organisms, and to do basically everything. Water allows our bodily functions to work and to remove waste from our bodies. Plants need water to grow, and humans need plants to gr...
Chemistry has been around for a very long time. Chemistry dates back to as far as the prehistoric times. If you put the amount of time chemistry takes up in a timeline, you would split it into four general categories. The four categories are: prehistoric times - beginning of the Christian era (black magic), beginning of the Christian era - end of 17th century (alchemy), end of 17th century - mid 19th century (traditional chemistry), and mid 19th century - present (modern chemistry).
Water covers about seventy one percent of Earth’s surface. Earth is the only planet to have stable bodies of liquid water on its surface which is crucial for all known life forms. Water is a substance which acts as a solvent in which organic compounds can mix, and it is the substance which is thought to be necessary to facilitate the formation of life. There are many forms of water which include ice, liquid, and gas. Because water can exist as a gas, it can be stored in the atmosphere and be delivered as precipitate. Water also helps regulate the climat...