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Culture means
Conceptualize the word "culture
Determinants of organization culture
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Hodge and Anthony, define culture as the set of important understandings (often unstated) that members of a community share in common.
Is the conduct of humans who are part of an organization and the meanings that the people attach to their actions. Culture includes the organization values, visions, norms, working language, system, symbols, beliefs and habits (Schein,1992).
Organizational culture represents the collective values, beliefs and principles of organizational members and is a product of such factors such as history, product, market, technology, and strategy, kind of employees, management style, and national cultures and so on(Needle, 2004.P. 75).
1.2. THE FORMATION OF CULTURE
Because the concepts of culture can be so challenging to grasp fully or to measure, many theorists have differing opinions as to exactly how culture is formed within organisations. Edgar Schein, Christian Scholz and Meryl Louis have their own explanation of culture and its formation as follows:
• Schein’s Steps of culture formation in groups
-People form groups seeking need satisfaction. They bring goals, values and even hopes to the group process and endeavour to find a situation in which, for the most part, they can achieve what they want. Schein has an excellent treatment of the steps of group formation and growth. The group formation and maintenance depend on shared norms, values, and so on as the glue that holds members together so they constantly seek to find and preserve commonality.
-Step one is what Schein terms the “confrontation of dependency” issue. Here, the matter of will lead the group is the focal point, and culture is easily seen as the force in it. The group looks for someone to give it direction. What individual members ...
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...c activity possible: human relationships.
Hampden-Turner and Trampenaars have identified seven “sets” of values that they believe are crucial for economic success:
• Universalism Vs Particularism:
-This determines whether each situation is dealt with according to a universal set of rules or its particular merits.
• Analysing Vs Integrating:
-Are we more effective as managers when we analyse phenomena into parts or when we integrate and configure such details into whole patterns, relationships and wider contexts?
• Individualism Vs Communitarianism:
-This examines the degree of focus on each individual, his or her rights, motivations, rewards, capacities and all attitudes in contrast to the advancement of the organisation as a community of which all its members are a part.
• Inner-directed Vs Outer-directed Orientation:
-Which are the more important guides
Turman, P. (October 25, 2000f). Group Cohesiveness and Conflict: Group Communication [Lecture] Cedar Falls, IA. University of Northern Iowa, Communication Studies Department.
Culture by definition is the set of shared attitudes, values, goals and practices, as well as customary beliefs, social forms and material traits that characterize a racial, religious or ...
Organizational culture is the system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members, while organizational structure is an expression of social and economic principles of hierarchy and specialization (Kinicki, 2015). Both the culture and the structure of an organization are important things for management to understand in order to successfully set and achieve an organization’s goals. Companies who excel in highly competitive fields can attribute their successful economic performance to a cohesive corporate culture that increases competitiveness and profitability. This culture is best utilized in an organization that has the necessary structure to allow its employees to coordinate their actions to achieve its goals.
What is Organization Culture? The organizational culture always provokes an extensive controversy! There are main four central formats of cultures i.e. Power, Role, Task, and Person is supportive in understanding many of the organizational structures.The culture of every organization is different from the other, even it differs if the same organization moves from one type to another. The reason is that every organization determines its ideology or personality based on many different factors that determine not only the cultures but also the organization design of the structure. In this sense, the culture affects the structure, and the structures affect the culture likewise.For instance, the Project Based Organization PBO has a different culture from the
Culture refers to the behaviors and interactions of a people and the representative structures in which give such behavior meaning. Human nature, history, and environment have impacted and resulted in the many differences and similarities amongst the various cultures that exist today. A culture is inclusive of shared language or system of communication, beliefs, values, customs, and artifacts. Such facets of human nature direct and influence our actions, thoughts, and forms of expression; as well as divide a people and distinguish groups of different cultures due to the dynamic nature of humans.
The concept of organizational cultures was first raised in 1970s, and soon became a fashionable topic. Organizational culture is the shared beliefs, values and behaviours of the group. Theorists of organizations believe that organizational culture represents the pattern of behaviours, values, and beliefs of an organization. Hence, studies around organizational culture have been seen as great helpful and essential for understanding organizations and their behaviours. Additionally, organizational culture has been considered to be an important determinant of organizational success. Therefore, leaders and managers pay more than more attentions on this topic, focusing on constructing and managing organizational cultures.
Culture defined as “ an integrated pattern of human behavior that include the language, thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, or social groups.”3
Culture can be defined as “A pattern of basic assumptions invented, discovered or developed by a given group as it learns to cope with its problems of external adaptation and internal integration that has worked well enough to be considered valid, and therefore to be taught to the new members as the correct way to perceive, think and feel in relation to those problems”. Schein (1988). Organizational culture can be defined as a system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members. It includes routine behaviors, norms, dominant values, and feelings or climates. The purpose and function of this culture is to help foster internal integration, bring staff members from all levels of the organization closer together, and enhance their performance.
These above ingredients of culture are gained from birth which means anyone is much influenced by their family, religion, school, and workplace and from friends. Culture mainly stands for supporting role for almost overall success of organization not only that but also it reflects in the outcomes of an organization such as, quality and productivity, obligation and performance. Organizational culture has always been a question for everyone on how the culture and power are associated to an organization.
Anthropologists define the term culture in a variety of ways, but there are certain shared features of the definition that virtually all anthropologists agree on. Culture is a shared, socially transmitted knowledge and behavior. The key features of this definition of culture are as follows. 1) Culture is shared among the members of that particular society or group. Thus, people share a common cultural identity, meaning that they recognize themselves and their culture's traditions as distinct from other people and other traditions. 2) Culture is socially transmitted from others while growing up in a certain environment, group, or society. The transmission of cultural knowledge to the next generation by means of social learning is referred to as enculturation or socialization. 3) Culture profoundly affects the knowledge, actions, and feelings of the people in that particular society or group. This concept is often referred to as cultural knowledge that leads to behavior that is meaningful to others and adaptive to the natural and social environment of that particular culture.
Organizational culture is imperative to the success of the organization. The strength and core values of the organization is supported by the organizational culture. This allows for organization to operate in a specific manner that is specific to that organization and can pave the path for success. Company founders are passionate about their vision and mission and they elude that passion into their employees. When that passion and mission is successfully implied to the employees the company strives in it 's path to success.
The concept of organizational culture is one of the most debated topics for researchers and theorists. There is no one accepted definition of culture. People even said that it is hard to define culture and even more change it. It is considered a complex part of an organization although many have believed that culture influences employee behavior and organizational effectiveness (Kilmann, Saxton, & Serpa 1985; Marcoulides & Heck, 1993; Schein, 1985a, 1990).
Organizational culture relates to a system of shared norms, ideals, values and assumptions that binds humans collectively (Larson, 2014). The way of life reflects the character of the organization and, similar to a character's personality,
...ne K. D., Sheats P., ‘Functional Roles of Group Members’ (Bill Staples, ICA Associates Inc. 2007)
Organizational culture can be defined as the behaviour people in an organization portray. The actions they commit have certain meanings. Culture includes organizational values, morals, ethics, and visions, norms, working language, systems, symbols, beliefs and habits. The organization influences culture on the people, as a way of perceiving thinking and even feeling. Culture plays a major role, in the way that people and groups interact with other.