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History of hiv/aids
Give an essay on the history of hiv and aids
Essay on the origin of AIDS
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The Dallas Buyers’ Club is based on a real life story of Ron Woodroof. He is a wealthy Texas cowboy whose heavy smoking, drinking, and drug use life is disrupted in 1985 when he was diagnosed as HIV positive and given 30 days to live. After being rejected from many of his old friends and bereft of government approved medicines, he decides to come up with an alternative for his treatments. His pathway leads him to Mexico, where an American medical doctor who had his license revoked prescribes him with ddC and protein peptide T. He begins to export it over the border not only for selfish reasons, but for sale for other HIV people. He becomes business partners with a transgender woman named Rayon for better access to the gay community. As the …show more content…
business, “buyers’ club” expands, Ron’s rougher edges begin to smooth away by suffering and compassion for his condition and others around him who are HIV+. At a sports bar, Ron meets Frank Young on the news discussing AZT, before the channel changes to a baseball game.
He reads up on the drug at the library. At Burroughs Wellcome Pharmaceutical Headquarters in North Carolina, Dr. Sam Broder from the National Cancer Institute meets with David Berry, VP of research, who thinks AZT is too dangerous and untested without enough market potential. Broder’s impassioned speech convinces Berry to change his mind. Ron does more research at home. Berry meets some executives to push forward on the AZT trials, as they’ll get a tax break from the government. The underfunded FDA research lab, headed by Dr. Anthony Fauci turn their entire attention to the drug. Ron, suffering from an assortment of ailments, goes to the hospital. When he starts to get rowdy, Eve puts him in his place. Later, she sits with him and explains that Sevard works for Burroughs Wellcome, who pays the hospital to run the trials. Protocol dictates that not all those accepted into the programs would receive AZT, but a placebo instead. “You give dying people sugar pills? He brings up other options available in foreign countries that work and are non-toxic. Unfortunately, they’re not FDA-approved. “Screw the FDA, I’m going to be DOA.” After his anger subsides he tells the doctor, “You sure are easy to look …show more content…
at.” At the bar that night, Clint makes gay jokes at Ron’s expense. Ron leaves and goes to Draddy auditorium, which is hosting a support group for patients dealing with the disease per Eve’s recommendation. FDA administration director Richard Barkley is there to tell the hostile crowd about AZT, which is still far off from being available. Ron starts getting AZT through the hospital orderly. He pops two pills and gets disoriented in a trailer park. He sells all of his belongings. The orderly sends him to Mexico. When an audience member at an information meeting is told how long until AZT is ready, somebody shouts, “We’ll be dead by then.” Caution is encouraged and thalidomide is cited as an example of rushing matters, which resulted in “flipper babies.” Another responds, “We aren’t having babies.” While the circumstances were going through and nothing to laugh about, gay men can always be counted on for their ironic mix of seriousness and camp, which this script admirably attempts to recreate. The story also delves into the politically incorrect with other minorities. A hospital orderly mops the floor and swipes Ron’s shoes in the process. Eve, the doctor, is there as a device to reaffirm Woodruff’s sexuality. If audiences are put off by the rather limited affection he expresses towards Rayon an MTF transsexual, they can certainly take solace in his love for the ladies. The only problem for the screenwriter is the ick factor that it would elicit in the more close-minded, so while Woodroof may pine for Eve, thanks to the script, his disease will always keep him at an arm’s length from romance. This comes with its own baggage of mixed messaging, it’s okay to empathize with the guy, but God forbid his love should go unrequited. The early reviews have reported there being a conceit in the film used to remind audiences every so often of just how long the main character has had the disease. There are elements which stuck out for me, like, at one point, Rayon visits her disapproving father for money, and we see her give it to Woodroof dressed in a men’s business suit. I was also in disbelief at how naively the script handles the initial diagnoses. When Woodroof finds out he has not only HIV, but full-blown AIDS, he expresses surprise. The story has just begun, but someone with such a low T-count as Woodroof at this point, along with the weight loss, would have to know that something was the matter with them, and it wasn’t just a head cold. While HIV/AIDS is disproportionately prevalent in the gay community, the story challenges the stereotype that it’s a gay disease. By focusing on a straight man’s fight for his life and a remedy to manage his illness, it stands the chance of reaching a segment of the audience that wouldn’t normally open themselves up to a story as this. Woodroof symbolized the American can do spirit of facing adversity in a situation and using all his wits to come up with a workable solution that represented a growing phenomenon of these buyers’ clubs spreading across the country to serve a desperate group of people who had nowhere else to turn. The healthcare system and the government were of no immediate help even the contrary during a very dark chapter in the United States. Woodroof had to look outside the political and national boundaries. Of course, it is just one man’s story, albeit a very unique one.
The truth is that the long-game of dealing with how HIV/AIDS affected the United States medically and economically is much more complex and naturally, can’t be told in a two hour movie. While there have been movies that have dealt with AIDS, they have mostly been fictional dramas about the emotional toll on one or a few characters and their friends and family, like Longtime Companion and Philadelphia, not really the fight to how the U.S. has got to a place where it has managed the disease and perhaps come close to finding a cure, and the grassroots movement that help make it happen. In fact, there really hasn’t been anything outside the documentary world; the recent We Were Here and How to Survive a Plague come to mind. So, it goes without saying that this film will ruffle the feathers of some of the activist segment of the gay population. It will also be courting controversy with its hardline stance against AZT, as well as perhaps its portrayal of Burroughs Wellcome, the research firm behind the drug which greatly benefitted from it
financially. In 1991, San Francisco, Ron goes forward with his lawsuit against the FDA. It doesn’t appear that he has won anything greater than what the FDA has already offered him. People celebrate at the Club and he dies a year later.
Eric Rauchway’s Murdering McKinley: The Making of Theodore Roosevelt’s America is an examination of the events, social conditions and dramatic political changes taking place in America immediately prior to and during the birth of the 20th century that led to the assassination of William McKinley and the rise of progressivism. It is furthermore an investigation of the motives behind the assassination, and an analysis of the events leading up to what made possible “Roosevelt’s America,” arguably the first recognizably modern period in American history from a 21st century perspective: the progressive era.
Darryl’s life is worth fighting for. “You can’t buy what I’ve got.” ‘The Castle’ directed by Rob Sitch, about one man, his family and neighbours on the verge of being homeless. Darryl Kerrigan, the “backbone of the family” won’t stand for that. Of course no one can buy what he has. He’s spent almost his entire lifetime building what he has, why should he give it up? Darryl’s way of life is simple yet filled with family values. 3 Highview Crescent is the home to Darryl, his wife Sal and their 3 children: Wayne, Steve, Tracy and Dale. (Wayne currently being in jail.) The house is made up of love, and simple family values. Darryl’s also added bits and pieces to it. He’s added on so much to the house, his own personal touch. His neighbours, also in the same bout are almost family to the Kerrigans. Jack and Farouk are another reason why Darryl’s ready to take matters into his own hands.
Alexander Stowe is a twin, his brother is Aaron Stowe. Alex is an Unwanted, Aaron is a Wanted, and their parents are Necessaries. Alex is creative in a world where you can’t even see the entire sky, and military is the dream job for everyone and anyone. He should have been eliminated, just like all the unwanteds should have been. He instead comes upon Artimè, where he trains as a magical warrior- after a while. When he was still in basic training, and his friends were not, he got upset, he wants to be the leader, the one everyone looks up to.
The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros is about a girl who struggles finding her true self. Esperanza sees the typical figures like Sally and Rafaela. There is also her neighbor Marin shows the “true” identity for women on Mango Street. She also sees her mother is and is not like that at the same time. The main struggle that Esperanza has is with beauty. This explains why most of the negative people that Esperanza meets on Mango Street, and her gender, helped her see the mold she needed to fill in order to give herself an identity.
Summary and Response to Barbara Kingsolver’s “Called Home” In “Called Home”, the first chapter of the book Animal, Vegetable, Miracle: A Year in Food Life, Barbara Kingsolver presents her concerns about America's lack of food knowledge, sustainable practices, and food culture. Kingsolver introduces her argument for the benefits of adopting a local food culture by using statistics, witty anecdotal evidence, and logic to appeal to a wide casual reading audience. Her friendly tone and trenchant criticism of America's current food practices combine to deliver a convincing argument that a food culture would improve conditions concerning health and sustainability.
Jeffrey Reiman, author of The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison, first published his book in 1979; it is now in its sixth edition, and he has continued to revise it as he keeps up on criminal justice statistics and other trends in the system. Reiman originally wrote his book after teaching for seven years at the School of Justice (formerly the Center for the Administration of Justice), which is a multidisciplinary, criminal justice education program at American University in Washington, D.C. He drew heavily from what he had learned from his colleagues at that university. Reiman is the William Fraser McDowell Professor of Philosophy at American University, where he has taught since 1970. He has written numerous books on political philosophy, criminology, and sociology.
One important scene in the film ‘The Age of Aids’ is “Port Au Prince, Haiti”. In this scene it outlines the conditions in Haiti, which were very poor and it turn left the city defenseless against the new disease. In 70’s and 80’s the disease began to be seen by doctors and priests who were being sought after to cure a unseen disease which left the people with the “look of death, [making them] so skinny you could see their bones”. The scene then goes on to take a look at one of the first HIV clinics in Port Au Prince, which was opened in the roughest parts of town. One of the surprising things that this clinic found when they were looking at the patients coming in was that the mean they were analyzing had more contact with women then they had with men. This was extremely interesting because this was completely different from what the pattern of the disease had been in the US. The doctors believed this was because homosexual males had been coming into Haiti as tourists and where having sex with locals, who in comparison didn’t call themselves homosexuals because even though they had been having sex with men, the number of women they were having sex with greatly outnumbered the men. This was extremely important because it allowed people to open their eyes, and realize that this was not a homosexual disease, that anyone could get the disease. And that’s exactly what happened within the Haitian community. Within three years the disease had spread across the entire island effects all aspects of society. This scene was effective because it is able to change a viewer with little knowledge of the disease to understand how doctors were able to come to the conclusion that the disease was not in fact a homosexual ...
AIDS/HIV was first recognized as a new disease in the US when clinicians in New York, Los Angeles, and San Francisco began to see young, homosexual men with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and Kaposi 's sarcoma (KS), unusual diseases for young adults which were not known to be immunosuppressed. These discoveries led to increased fear throughout the US since many people didn’t know what caused AIDS, how it could be contracted, or even what to call it.
The Millionaire Next Door written by William Danko and Thomas J. Stanley illustrates the misconception of high luxury spenders in wealthy neighborhoods are considered wealthy. This clarifies that American’s who drive expensive cars, and live in lavish homes are not millionaires and financially independent. The authors show the typical millionaire are one that is frugal, and disciplined. Their cars are used, and their suits were purchased at a discount. As we read the book from cover to cover are misconceptions start to fade. The typical millionaire is very frugal in all endeavors and finds the best discounts possible. A budget is implemented daily, monthly, and annually for a typical millionaire. They live by the budget and are goal oriented. Living well below their means is crucial for a millionaire, and discovering ways to allocate time and money more efficiently. The typical millionaire next door is different than the majority of America presumes. Let’s first off mention what it is not. The typical millionaire is surprisingly not the individual with the lavish house worth a million dollars, owning multiple expensive cars, a boat, expensive clothes, and ultimately living lavishly. The individual is frugal and often looks for discounts for consumable goods. The book illustrates the typical millionaire in one simple word: frugal. It is shocking to believe that this is true, but it does make sense. To achieve financial independence is inherently more satisfying and important than accumulating wealth. According to the book the majority of these millionaires portray characteristics of being sacrificial, disciplined, persistent and frugal. In the book it states, “Being frugal is the cornerstone of wealth-building. Yet far too often th...
“And the Band Played On” was an HBO movie that illustrated the AIDS crisis in the 1980s and early 1990s. The movie touched on subjects concerning the reaction of the gay community, the heterosexual community, and the medical community. It showed not only the research in AIDS, but also the way that the US government dealt with it. The movie expressed the consequences the gay community suffered, the plight of the medical community in researching the disease, and the issue of government response to it.
Have you ever been swindled before? In the book that I have just finished Swindle by Gordan Korman, two sixth grade boys Griffin and Ben have had a valuable collectors Baseball card swindled from them. They have put together a second plan to try and steal it back, fair and square. They assemble a team, and pull off a professional heist and steal the card back from Mr. Palomino. But they don’t get away with it, evidence left at the crime scene leads back to the kids. This would have put the kids in jeopardy, but everything worked out because the baseball card actually belonged to an old lady, and Mr. Palomino does not press charges against the boys because he doesn’t want people to know that he swindled them in the first place. Most of the money gets donated to a museum, and the kids get a plaque with their
The novel, Alone Together: Why We Expect More From Technology and Less From Each Other (2011) written by Sherry Turkle, presents many controversial views, and demonstrating numerous examples of how technology is replacing complex pieces and relationships in our life. The book is slightly divided into two parts with the first focused on social robots and their relationships with people. The second half is much different, focusing on the online world and it’s presence in society. Overall, Turkle makes many personally agreeable and disagreeable points in the book that bring it together as a whole.
John Green’s wonderful yet tragic best-selling novel The Fault in Our Stars tells a heart-wrenching story of two teenage cancer patients who fall in love. Augustus Waters and Hazel Lancaster live in the ordinary city of Indianapolis, where they both attend a support group for cancer patients. Falling in love at first sight, the two are inseparable until Augustus’s cancer comes out of remission, turning Hazel’s world upside. This is one of the best young-adult fiction novels of the year because it keeps readers on the edge of their seat, uses themes to teach real life lessons, and uses a realistic point of view instead of the cliché happy ending of most books.
The short story, "The Rich Brother," by Tobias Wolff represents the same concept that everyday people all over the world encounter. This portrays how having siblings can be an enormous part of a persons life. The rivalry between siblings is often very competitive, but at the same time similar to magnets. When they are not connected it may seem they are independent and whole, but when examined closely it is obvious they are really relying on each other to function properly. Although Pete and Donald's life are separate and completely different, they are in fact very dependent on each other.
The movie, And the Band Played On, portrays a current issue the U.S. health care system face: the effects of societal perceptions of people who should receive health care support. Those perceived as undeserving are disregarded. Homosexual men were the first to be affected by AIDS in the US, and because of this, the stigma of homosexuality prevented developing health care policy to control the epidemic. Homosexuality was, and to a lesser extent now, not widely accepted. Marginalizing gay individuals was seen in the movie at the beginning, when media coverage on AIDs would not include “homosexual” within the news title (Pillsbury, Sanford, & Spottiswoode, 1993). This represents how media has to be marketed; the broader public will not be interested if a new disease only affects an undesirable population. Another example of this negligence is seen when Phillip Burton is asked to introduce a bill on AIDS. He agrees, but does not hesitate to retort, “They couldn’t get a dime out of this administration with the name gay on it” (Pillsbury, Sanford, & Spottiswoode, 1993). Finally, in order to change the perception, at the CDC conference with blood agencies, they renamed gay related immune deficiency (GRID) to AIDS, and the film cuts to news segments finally covering