The Classification and Formation of Crystals
Introduction
Purpose
My purpose of this experiment is to find out how crystals are formed and how they are classified. For a long time, I’ve been interested in crystals, so I’ ve decided this experiment would be perfect for me!
Crystallography
The study of the growth, shape, and geometric characteristics of crystals is called crystallography. When the conditions are right, each chemical element and compound can crystallize in a definite and characteristic form. Thirty-two classes of crystals are theoretically possible, almost all common minerals fall into one of about twelve classes, and some classes have never been seen. The thirty-two classes are grouped into six crystal systems, based on the length and position of the crystal axes. Crystal axes are imaginary lines passing through the center of the crystals. Minerals in each system share certain proportions and crystal form and many important optical properties. The six crystal systems are very important to a mineralogists and geologists; specification of the system is necessary in the description of each crystal system.
Isometric
This system comprises crystals with three axes, all perpendicular to one another and all have equal length.
Tetragonal
This system comprises crystals with three axes, all perpendicular to one another; but only two are equal in length.
Orthorhombic
This system comprises crystals with three mutually perpendicular axes, all of different lengths.
Monoclinic
This system comprises crystals with three axes, all unequal in length, two o which are not perpendicular to another, but both of which are perpendicular to the third.
Triclinic
This system comprises crystals with three axes, all unequal in length and is not perpendicular to one another.
Hexagonal
This system comprises crystals with four axes. Three of these axes are in a single plane, proportionally spaced, and of equal length. The fourth axis is perpendicular to the other three. Some crystallographers split the hexagonal in two, calling the seventh system trigonal or rhombohedral.
Formation of Crystals
Crystals are formed when a liquid becomes solid or when a vapor or liquid solution becomes supersaturated. Some substances tends to form seed
The purpose for this lab was to use aluminum from a soda can to form a chemical compound known as hydrated potassium aluminum sulfate. In the lab aluminum waste were dissolved in KOH or potassium sulfide to form a complex alum. The solution was then filtered through gravity filtration to remove any solid material. 25 mLs of sulfuric acid was then added while gently boiling the solution resulting in crystals forming after cooling in an ice bath. The product was then collected and filter through vacuum filtration. Lastly, crystals were collected and weighed on a scale.
Mixed melting point was used to confirm the identity of the product. The smaller the range, the more pure the substance. When the two substances are mixed; the melting point should be the same melting range as the as the melting range obtained after filtering. If the mixed melting point is lower one taken from the crystals, then the two substances are different.
Chondrites give geologists insights on the makeup of the early solar system. Geologists are driven by understanding how the Earth came to be what it is today. Chondrites formed at the time o
Categorized within each group alphabetically.
...iple types of plants in them) rather than monoculture as found in the Old World.
Heavy metal music has developed greatly ever since it was created in the late 1960’s, evolving into large and varied categories of subgenres. It is not uncommon for types of metal to be confused for one another despite their distinct differences. There are hundreds of subgenres, but three of them will be discussed, the bluesy and distorted doom metal, the fast and fantastical power metal, and the ill reputed black metal.
A Miracle Mineral Solution is being attempted to be sold by an online ‘church’ as a cure-all for many of the world’s diseases, such as cancer, autism, and HIV/AIDS. The Miracle Mineral Solution is a diluted bleach mixture that is being prompted and sold in Canada, regardless of all the Health Canada warnings. Health Canada is saying that MMS is unsafe for human consumption because it contains sodium chlorite, which poses serious health risks if ingested. MMS is usually taken orally or through enemas. In some cases the mixture is being used by parents who are looking for a cure for their children that have autism. The founder of the online ‘church’, Jim Humble claims that “up to 95 per cent of all diseases caused by pathogens can be cured with
Many meteorites have been discovered over the years which, in many cases, can give an insight into the creation of the universe. All these meteorites can be grouped together by looking at the various characteristics they have in common, such as the structures of the different meteorites and the isotopic properties of the meteorites. When trying to classify meteorites, they are generally identified as one of the three main groups of meteorites: Iron, Stony and Stony-iron. Each group has its own properties which makes them unique to one another. These groups can be divided further more into smaller groups.
as to what they touch or where they step because some of the crystal formations
Crystalline silica may be of several distinct types. Quartz, a form of silica and the most common mineral in the earth's crust, is associated with many types of rock. Other types of silica include cristobalite and tridymite.
The Periodic Table of Elements is commonly used today when studying elements. This table’s history begins in ancient times when Greek scientists first started discovering different elements. Over the years, many different forms of the periodic table have been made which set the basis for the modern table we use today. This table includes over 100 elements and are arranged by groups and periods. Groups being vertical columns and periods being horizontal columns. With all of the research conducted over the years and the organization of this table, it is easy to use when needed.
One very important piece of information is that gemstones and crystals are grown during the cooling, formative stages of Earth’s development and so it has lead me to the conclusion that they are gifts from nature. According to physics, gemstones and crystals consist of natural balances and solid sta...
Music inspires me and it uplifts me, it get me through life’s challenges. At the moment is Solid Rock, sung by Tasha Cobbs and Jamie Grace, is my go to song. I like to play it over and over, and every time I hear the lyrics, “Solid, my solid rock. You are solid, my solid rock” it does something to my spirit. If those were all the words in the song that would be fine with me. Everyone goes through some sort of trial whether it is financial, relational, or health. When I listen to the song it gives me an assurance that God’s got my back and I can lean on Him. Not only do I find assurance in the song it moves me to tears of praise.
After a while you will start to see your crystals forming. Times may vary based on where you put them and what salt you use. Once you see your crystals forming you can take them out and examine them. Depending on the salt they will have different forms. Some may be clumpy, small, needle like, pointed, rounded, large or discolored. Some of these will also depended on where you grow them and how long you let them
Each type of crystal has its own properties and shapes. Crystals are an organized arrangement of atoms and molecules. The atoms sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) make up salt crystals and have a cubic shape. A salt solution will contain sodium and chlorine atoms that are separated by water molecules. Crystals are formed when the water evaporates from the solution and the sodium and chlorine atoms start bonding together (Crystallization). According to the background of all-science-fair-projects “Placing a porous material like a sponge, charcoal or broken ceramic in the salt solution helps to draw in the mixture through capillary action”(Science). Crystals are left behind from the porous material’s water evaporating from the surface of it. Evaporation of water is what drives the crystallization process. According to all-science-fair-projects “Placing the solution in a dry place or under a slight breeze will help the crystals to grow faster” 0(Science).