The Chemistry of Painting Cars
It is necessary to paint cars because the paint protects the steel of
the car from corrosion, paint fills and smooths out any imperfections
in the steel surface and it provides a durable, decorative, glossy
appearance.
If rusting continually takes place the car becomes unsafe. When water
and oxygen come in contact with the metal of the car surface, several
redox reactions happen. The oxygen is reduced to hydroxide ions and
iron is oxidized to Fe2+ ions which pass into solution. More reactions
happen which ultimately produce rust - Fe2O3H2O.
The components of car paint
There are three components of car paint, each one has different roles:
* The pigment provides a barrier to protect car from atmosphere
slowing the rate of corrosion. It disguises appearance of the
steel car body, gives colour and other effects which enhance the
appearance of the car.
* The polymers in paint protect the metal from damage that may be
caused by the paint sticking to the surface. It also allows the
paint to have a continuous, unbroken film by flowing under the
effect of surface tension. This gives the car a smooth, glossy
finish.
* The solvent in paint aids the transfer of paint between the
container and the surface (when being sprayed) because the paint
polymer is dissolved in it. The solvent helps the paint flow while
it dries and then evaporates. This causes health and environmental
problems.
When painting cars three different layers of paint are applied. Each
one has a different function.
Layer
Function
Properties
Primer
...
... middle of paper ...
... * Chemical resistance (from cross-linking).
* Adhesive
* Control of flow properties.
References
Fig. 1 The structure of an epoxy resin present in primers.
Taken from "A Perfect Finish"
By Gus Palluel, Vol. 3, No.1, September 1993, Philip Allan Publishers
Fig. 2 The structure of a polymer often present in a surfacer.
Taken from "A Perfect Finish"
By Gus Palluel, Vol. 3, No.1, September 1993, Philip Allan Publishers
[1] "A Perfect Finish"
By Gus Palluel, Vol. 3, No.1, September 1993, Philip Allan Publishers
[2] "'Aquabase' Safeguard the environment - without sacrificing the
finish"
By Graham Wheeler, ICI STEAM Magazine, Issue No. 14, January 1991
[3] Salters Advanced Chemistry - Chemical Storylines
By George Burton, John Holman, Gwen Pilling and David Waddington
[4] "Bonded!"
...ist must keep his tools scrupulously clean. The brushes are dipped and wiped throughout the painting session with brush cleaner to keep from contaminating colors with residue from previous paint. Use a beater rack to remove excess thinner from brushes after cleaning them.
Mattel Corporation, known as the largest toy company in the world, is a publicly traded organization with a market capitalization of over $6.5 billion. Employing approximately 36,000 people worldwide in 43 countries, their products are well-known and sold in over 150 nations (Mattel.com). With such winning odds as mentioned, it is hard to imagine that a company readily known to children and adults across the globe would become even better known for the company that produced toys made with lead-based products. This assignment will discuss whether or not Mattel acted in an ethical and socially responsible manner in their decision to recall defective toys, what they perhaps could have done differently to avoid this issue, and the best way society can continue to protect children from potentially harmful toys.
These include, high strength, low weight, high chemical resistance and high cut resistance. This material does not corrode or rust and is also unaffected when placed in or under water.
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Metal finishing is the critical part and step in preparing the metal for painting. It happens between the bumping stage when the metal is pried, hammered, pulled, and pushed into shape and the filling stage, when the small defects and details in metal finished surfaces are filled before being painted. Any type of finish is applied over your work weather the it be solvent, powder coated, or plastic it will have an index of reflection and ...
The evolution of make-up has quite the turbulent ride, beginning approximately six-thousand years as means of protection and to aid health and has now evolved into a multi-billion dollar industry. During its evolution, make-up has been declared illegal, immoral and in some instances was deadly. Today, makeup comes in thousands upon thousands of colors, textures and is even specific to skin type and race.
The art of polishing nails has been around for centuries for both men and women. Nail polish or nail stain, as it was known for many years ago, started out being natural in formula. However, as the years have progressed, nail polish formulas have become more intricate including chemicals. As the years have passed, the color and purpose of polishing nails has expanded to not only nobles or those of high rank/station, but also everyday people. There are many different ingredients in today’s nail polishes. It is important to know which ingredient correlates with the four primary qualities of nail polish, specifically the ingredient that is responsible for the drying-time. Red has become one of the most popular colors to paint nails. Essie,
Start by measuring 5.00 mL of commercial bleach in a 100 mL volumetric flask. The bleach was then diluted with distilled water until the contents reached the neck of the flask. Two grams of Potassium Iodide was then weighed out. Then, 25 mL of the diluted bleach solution was transferred into an E. flask by pipet. After that, the Potassium Iodide and 25 mL of deionized water was added to the E. Flash. The content of the flask were then swirled in order to properly dissolve the solid Potassium Iodide. The experiment was then moved to the fume hood, where 2 mL of 3 molar hydrochloric add were added to the E. Flask. The flask was then swirled for 2 minutes in the fume hood to ensure that no chlorine gas was produced by accident. The buret was filled
Langland, William. Piers Plowman. Trans. E. Talbot Donaldson. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1990.
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Structural adhesives are used in a variety of applications such as automotive, durable goods, and building and construction. Adhesive chemistries can encompass one and two component polyurethane (PU), epoxy or cyanoacrylate, but in this article, we will discuss about the usage of polyurethane as the structural adhesive in automobile industry.
Car bodies are usually made of steel or aluminium. They both have different properties and prices ranges that make it ideal. Aluminium has a lower density meaning the car will be lighter than if it was made from steel. It also doesn’t corrode easily so a car made of aluminium will last longer than that made from steel as the steel contains iron which will corrode. In saying this aluminium is much more expensive, and although it has better properties is may take the price of the car up and over the limit that is wanted for it. Steel has many great functions for a car body. It is hard and strong because of the small amount of carbon content that it has which strengthens it. It is also added with small amounts of other metals to strengthen it even more.
?Robotics will boost quality and transfer efficiency levels.? Coatings (Jul.-Aug. 1991): 66 InfoTrac. Online. Nov. 2002. .
There are two different categories of make-up artists. The first category is cosmetic or fashion artists. Cosmetic or fashion artists usually work at make-up counters or prepare models for photo shoots. Their main focus is to make the client look their best. Fashion artists have to work with designers to create a certain look whereas cosmetic artists work with the client to get their ...
In the article “Understanding Alternative Choices of Handmade Cosmetics in Postmodern Consumer Society” Pernilla Arbajian and Yaran Di discuss how consumers perceive purchasing handmade cosmetics. Di defines “Handmade Cosmetics” as, “cosmetics made by human and made from natural ingredients, as opposed to cosmetics that are mass-produced, machine-made and made from chemical additives” (Di, 2014). The Bee’s Knees definitively can be described using this definition as a handmade cosmetic company. Companies today are aware of consumers being scattered and varied about their beliefs. This study goes through the steps and processes that consumers go through when deciding if a product if handmade or natural (regardless of how it is actually made) and how consumers assign meanings to their products of interest in their daily lives.