The Case Study House program was an idea set up by John Entenza of the Arts and Architecture magazine in 1945 in Los Angeles. It was buoyant during the years of americas post war building boom. The whole idea of the scheme was to tackle the inevitable housing shortage due to the enlargement of major cities. Post war, southern california experienced this growth and industrialisation. As more and more automobiles were being produced more and more freeways were being built, more and more ranch houses. To entenza there seemed to be a failure in creating mass housing by architects so this is what sparked the setup of this program.
Entenza wanted a generation of modern architects to create a low cost, experimental and easily duplicatable house. The
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While on the waiting list to enter he enlisted in Pasadena City College for two years. USC was the epicenter of any architecture school at the time and thought many ideas of low-cost housing, how to use the new materials available after the war, mass-production and prefabrication. This educational knowledge really gave Koenig the right information that he'd need later in his career. While a student, Koenig shared a design with a studio professor of a steel framed residential house, he rejected the whole idea and to prove him wrong koenig took the plans and built koenig house no.1 in 1950. He proved that not only was it an easy method of construction but it was also at a lower cost. Koenig spent the next couple of years getting involved with different practices. Koenig found most success up to date in 1957, he was licensed, invited to participate in the São Paulo Biennial, and arts and architecture featured one of his designs for a “Low-cost Production House”. His dream of producing “off the shelf” housing as efficiently as automobiles became a lot more realistic when John Entenza invited him to participate in Art and Architecture's Case Study House
Downs has sought to dispel myths surrounding housing policy. The first myth he debunks is the myth that all government-sponsored urban policies have failed. Downs believes that although they had resulted in greater hardships for poorer neighborhoods, the policies have given great benefits to a majority of urban American families. While he does not consider these policies to be a complete success, he refuses to call them failures due to the fact that they did indeed improve the standard of living for most of urban America. Downs also calls to our attention the effect of housing policies on the number of housing units. Starting in 1950, housing policies were aimed at ending the housing shortage until focus was shifted to low income households in the midst of the Vietnam War. To Downs, ending the shortage was important because it was affecting the American way of life. Couples were delaying marriage, extended families were living in one home, and overcrowded housing led to overcrowded local facilities, such as schools. Downs also argues that this overcrowding led to an inescapable cycle of “substandard”
Gehry draws his inspiration from famous paintings such as the Madonna and Child which he qualifies as a “strategy for architecture” (Friedman M. , 2003, p. 42) and which he used as an inspiration for a project in Mexico . Through his interpretation of the paintings and artwork, Gehry looked for a new kind of architecture. His search for a new type of architecture culminated in 1978 with his own house in Santa Monica. What was once a traditional Californian house would be redesigned to become one of the most important and revolutionary designs of the 20th century, giving Gehry international prestige and fame. Frank Gehry’s “Own House” uses a mixture of corrugated metal, plywood, chain link and asphalt to construct a new envelope for an existing typical Californian house. This house has been inspired by Joseph Cornell, Ed Moses and Bob Rauschenberg. Gehry comments on his house by saying that there was something “magical” (Friedman M. , 2003, p. 54) about it. He admits having “followed the end of his [my] nose” (Friedman M. , 2003, p. 54) when it came to constructing the “new” house, which led Arthur Drexler, former Director...
Throughout one’s working life, its highly probable that ethical dilemmas will arise in professional practice in one form or another. Ethical dilemmas bare their heads in many different fashions, including: “…competing ethical principles; empathic failures due to cultural misunderstanding; language gaps; inadequate cultural training to serve a certain population, and so on” (Zoltan, 2016). In the personal experience of this reporter, Claymore Residential Home, a corporately run rehabilitative community for adults with intellectual and cognitive impairment, presents the gravest example of ethical dilemmas. It was a workplace lead by autocrats cloaked in professional titles and facades of altruism. Ethical dilemmas emanated from the top of the hierarchy and trickled throughout the organization.
The Housing Act of 1949 expanded the federal role in mortgage insurance and the construction of public housing. The act gave city officials the money to carry out their ambitions of reviving the American city. Title I, authorized on...
The Chicago Housing Authority came about as a means to manage the large amount of poor Black residents. " In 1949, Congress, in addressing a postwar housing crisis, had authorized loans and subsidies to construct 810,000 units of low rent housing units nationwide" (p.21, Kotlowitz). During the 1950's the first of these new developments were constructed- The Cabrini homes were some of them. These first developments were only one or two stories and were well received by the city and its residents. Then the Chicago Housing Authority hired architects who designed a new type of development. A high-rise building (known as a project) with each unit having at least 15 to 19 floors, and approximately 5-15 buildings within each development. There was a political battle as to where these Projects would be built. After many meetings and court decisions they were finally built at the edges of the existing Ghetto's.
Lastly, housing first is an approach that emphasizes stable, permanent housing as a primary strategy for ending homelessness. ( “Housing First”, n.d.) An evaluation of this strategy in San Francisco found that the number of people living on the streets dropped by 41 percent in three years. More than 1,000 units of "permanent supportive housing" were established, and, of those who moved into such units, 95 percent remained housed. (Chamard, 2010)
Efforts to confront this issue were initiated by affects of World War II. Before the war, the Great Depression devastated the United States of America causing production of homes to stop. World War II soon followed and the country switched into productions for war, which also caused a halt i...
However, the success of the building schemes relied on the construction methods and innovations that are now attributed as bei...
Do you have a living room, open floor plan, or carpet flooring? Most homes in America today have these basic essentials, and Frank Lloyd Wright can be credited for this. Frank Lloyd Wright is one of the most influential Architects in American history. These innovations in modern architecture may not have occurred without him. Wright developed the Prairie style of architecture in 1909. This style is distinguished by horizontal lines on the exterior, a low pitched hipped roof, long bands of windows, wide overhanging eaves, and brick courses or wood bands. Frank Lloyd Wright’s innovations in architecture positively influenced the way American homes were built, therefore affecting their lives. His concept of an open floor plan encouraged families and people inside their homes to interact and relax
... A home is a material object that exists within a concrete reality. It exists with its own qualities, a house built of materials that change and degrade over time. The costs of homeownership are harder to dismiss when one becomes disillusioned with the effects of a lack of attention to those costs. As someone with a passion for writing, my final project will be an extended expository essay about the history of homebuilding from ancient to modern times.
Frank Lloyd Wright and Le Corbusier are two very prominent names in the field of architecture. Both architects had different ideas concerning the relationship between humans and the environment. Their architectural styles were a reflection of how each could facilitate the person and the physical environment. Frank Lloyd Wright’s Robie House, is considered one of the most important buildings in the history of American architecture and Le Corbusier s Villa Savoye helped define the progression that modern architecture was to take in the 20th Century. Both men are very fascinating and have strongly influenced my personal taste for modern architecture. Although Wright and Corbusier each had different views on how to design a house, they also had similar beliefs. This paper is a comparison of Frank Lloyd Wright‘s and Le Corbusier ‘s viewpoints exhibited through their two prominent houses, Frank Lloyd Wright’s Robie House and Le Corbusier’s Villa Savoye.
In the spring of 1893 Wright decided to build his own house in Oak Park, Illinois. Taking six years to build, Wright was free to experiment with his objectives in residential architecture over the next twenty-year period. Designing and re-constructing his buildings was a continuous process. He always changed his designs. For twenty years this home served as an independent labatory for Wright. This too went under constant changes. Rooms were enlarged or added, ceilings heightened, the arrangement of the windows changed, and the entry route into the house was modified. Wright even allowed the growth of a willow tree to be uninterrupted by placing a hold in the roof of the studio.
Jencks believes “the glass-and-steel box has become the single most used form in Modern Architecture and it signifies throughout the world ‘office building’” (27). Thus, modern architecture is univalent in terms of form, in other words it is designed around one out of a few basic values using a limited number of materials and right angles. In...
His works were totally reflected and enhanced the environment of nature on the site, the whole idea of a house could be were forever changing when it is his design. Wright’s architectural achievements in simplicity and unity were possible to be build supported by the method of the construction and materials like; Reinforced concrete, steel, metal sheet, glass plate and plastics. This genius architect offered a building with a relationship of Architecture and landscape, with community as well. Many projects nowadays have influenced from Wright’s modern styles, this well-known architect has many influences that became his principles. First is his exemplary teacher...
Organizational change is the altering of organizational structures and business strategy. As consumer preferences change, competition increases, and the economic environment fluctuates, business need to adapt to these changes to remain competitive. The management of Home Plus, a regional discount store, has proposed an increase of high-end products and a significant reduction in discount packaged goods. This is a change from the original business strategy in which the primary offerings were discount products. Before implementing the proposed strategy, Home Plus management must consider the benefits of the change and the consequences that may occur. As a member of the management team at Home Plus I disagree with the proposal to increase high-end