The Benefits Of Ageing

There are three essential components to ageing gracefully and successfully; ‘low probability of disease and disability, high cognitive and physical functional capacity and active engagement with life.’ (Edwards, 2011) It is recommended that people aged over 65 require adequate fitness levels so that they can ‘maintain their independence, recover from any illnesses and also prevent disease.’ (Better Health Channel, 2014) This essay investigates how staying active in later life will improve the health and well-being of older people by unpacking the health benefits to physical activity later in life as well as how this activity contributes to improving health and wellness. It is said that healthy ageing should ideally start in childhood and be

First is the Disengagement Theory (1961). This Theory explains that some older people believe that ageing is inevitable, which of course it is. However, they withdraw or disengage with life. This then results in a decrease in interactions between older people and others in the social system. This process is innate, universal and unidirectional but also natural and acceptable for older adults. (Edwards, 2011) The Activity Theory (1961) is radically different to that of the disengagement theory as it proposes that successful ageing occurs when older adults stay active and maintain interactions with others in the social system. (Grossman, n.d) This theory states that there is a positive relationship between activity and life satisfaction whereas the disengagement theory suggests that withdrawing from life is natural and

Roughly, The body loses around 3kg of lean muscle every decade from middle age. Evidence found by Singh (2002) suggests that these changes are related to a sedentary lifestyle, muscle mass can increase in an older person after regular exercise. Bone density also declines around the age of 40, and as a result, older people are more prone to fractures. However, exercise helps to reduce the risk of bone loss and osteoporosis. ‘Weight-bearing exercise is particularly helpful in keeping bones healthy and strong.’ (Sari, 2011) Concerning cardiorespiratory fitness this takes longer in older people as opposed to a younger person. However, the physical benefits are similar. People can improve their cardiorespiratory fitness through regular exercise thus preventing diseases like cardiovascular disease. (Sari, 2011) Physical activity also has a positive impact on the joints of the body as they require regular movement to remain supple and healthy. Singh (2002) states that “those with arthritis, which can be very common in older people, can benefit greatly from aerobic and strengthening exercise programs.” Lastly, physical activity also has a large impact on body fat levels as carrying too much body fat can be associated with various diseases; for example, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. ‘Regular exercise burns kilojoules and thus increases muscle mass and speeds up the