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Sports law is an amalgam of laws that apply to athletes and the sports they play. It is not a single legal topic with generally applicable principles. Sports law touches on a variety of matters, including contract, tort, agency, antitrust, constitutional, labor, trademark, Sex Discrimination, criminal, and tax issues. Sports law can involve all sorts of different types of legal issues, such as contracts, labor law, antitrust, tax, tort, compliance, intellectual property law, alternative dispute resolution, and even criminal matters (for example, involving drugs or domestic escarlations that have professional repercussions). It would be a rare lawyer who does not have some experience in at least one of those areas working with some kind of
In Introduction to the Philosophy of Sport, Heather L. Reid presents a discussion of how ethics is treated in the arena of Olympism and some of the struggles of defining and how or if the ethical guidelines should be enforced. Reid notes, “Some would say that ethical principles are always the product of a particular culture, so there can no more be universal ethical principles than there can be a universal culture” (Reid, 22). I disagree with the notion that there cannot be universal ethical principles for athletes to follow in sport because even across cultures there are general morals that shape the lives of people from all over the world. For example, murder and cheating are inherently immoral actions, no matter where someone comes from;
groups of people apart from others only fuel the inequality as each group fights over control of the available resources (Vahabi, 2009). As it applies to sport, conflict theory can be observed in the colossal stadiums built by society elite to house the equally expensive teams used for monetary benefit that is without equal reward (Woods, 2011). This theory is furthered by the unobtainable participation of both athletes and spectators in respect to economic and social status.
The Civil Rights Era impacted the realm of sports in a great and powerful way. Throughout the mid 1900s, many minority athletes emerged through all odds and began to integrate themselves in the white dominated athletic business. These athletes endured constant hardships in order to achieve their goals and dreams; facing much racism, segregation, and violence. Minorities across the country began to look up to these sportsmen and realized that anybody could attain greatness despite the social troubles of the time. Stories depicting the struggles of minority athletes soon arose and grew popular among different cultures. These true accounts passed from generation to generation, each admiring the courage and bravery of athletes and how important they became in obtaining an equal society. Producers and directors soon found a way to revolutionize the film industry by retelling the racial discrimination that minority athletes faced. Remember the Titans, The Perfect Game, 42, and The Express are all examples of how minority athletes overcame racial adversities in order to obtain the championship. These Hollywood movies contain many inaccuracies that draw away from the true impact minority athletes had during the Civil Right Era. Although these films do depict the racial components of the time, they do not depict the accurate occurrences of the stories they try to recreate.
42 is an example of the heavy burdens that minority athletes had to overcome and how they slowly started to emerge at the professional level. The film is based upon Jackie Robinson, the first African American baseball athlete to play Major League Baseball. It depicts the racial biases in the realm of sports, the unbearable hardships Jackie endured, and the overall character of the old ballparks. Brian Helgeland, director, wanted the film to depict the terrible racism that Jackie faced and how he overcame many obstacles in order to achieve his dream. Helgeland’s intent to represent this resulted in him exaggerating a few scenes in order to better highlight Jackie’s tough journey to greatness. However, these scenarios helped aid the popular view of the civil rights era by better emphasizing the obstacles that minority athletes had to overcome. In the film for example, after Jackie Robinson moved up to the big leagues, some of his partners wrote a petition to the board of directors explaining their discontent of the current situation. Almost every single player signed the petition against the African American athlete. This event actually happened during Jackie’s first year with the Brooklyn Dodgers, however only a few white players signed the petition. Others like Pee Wee Reese refused to sign it, “It didn’t matter to me whether he was black or green, he had a right to be there too.” The exaggeration of the opposition within his team portrayed the struggles that Jackie Robinson had to deal with because of his race. The refusal of some players to sign shows how not all caucasian males opposed the idea of integration and how they began to accept minority athletes into white cultured sports. Jackie’s rookie year posed plenty of tro...
It is in the best interest of Athletic Directors and coaches to know how the rule of law pertains to athletics, physical education classes and recreation as our society today has become very litigious (Wolohan, 2013). In the case where a tort or wrongful act in which an injury occurred, whole departments, institutions, along with the individual who are in charge of oversight may be sued for negligence (Wolohan, 2013). In the past, it usually was just the individual who needed to be concerned. Hence, because of the increase in civil tort suits associated with athletics which are being brought to our court system to be resolved, sports law has become a major course of study at our colleges and universities (Wolohan, 2013). Therefore, having knowledge of what is or is not a tort, may be helpful to sports administrators in how they manage staff and facilities. Furthermore, the three types of common torts that affect athletic departments are negligence, intentional negligence, and defamation. Hence, examining each further may be helpful to athletic administrators and staff in preventing civil tort law suits.
Recently college athletes have been granted permission to work, from the NCAA. Even with this permission, their jobs are still regulated. One regulation to the athletes working is that they cannot work for alumni of the school. The NCAA has this rule because they feel if athletes work for people with close ties to the school then they will be receiving special benefits while working. These special benefits include, (but are not limited to), athletes being paid while not at work and higher salaries then other workers doing the same job (Anstine 4).
The failure of the NFL to disclose credible research linking concussions to permanent, hidden long-term brain injury to the players can be interpreted as both ethical and unethical. Ethical theories and traps influenced the NFL’s decision. Not disclosing the research is considered moral by the ethical theory of utilitarianism. Utilitarian ethics considers the best decision is one which maximizes overall happiness and minimizes overall pain is more ethical. Utilitarianism’s goal is to produce the best outcome for the largest number of people. The NFL’s failure to reveal the research connecting concussion to permanent brain injury’s is in line with utilitarian ethics. A larger population benefits from football compared to the small number of
In this assignment I will be talking about the four legislative factors that influence health and safety in sport. On each of the four legislative factors I will be describing them in more details also I will be giving examples for each of them. Here are four legislative factors that I will be talking about:
In Foul Play: What’s Wrong with Sport, Joe Humphreys lists numerous reasons as to why sport is detrimental to society. His reasons range from sport being discriminatory all the way to sport promoting a decline into gang culture. While I disagree with Humphreys’ proclamation that sport is detrimental to society, there are unquestionably some components of sport which are detrimental to society, one of those components being the quota system.
Going against certain norms makes me feel less like a child. I remember being the one of the weakest people in fifth grade. The norms of being a cool boy included having the ability to perform well at “real” sports. I place in the category of “nerds”, which is something some people perceive as “free homework help”. One day, I am invited to play wiffle ball with my friends. I observe the good players throw the ball up to the right altitude and take a bold swing, sending the ball several meters away and making the usual “pok” sound. This can’t be too hard, I thought. I head out and throw the ball lightly into the air. Suddenly, the bat feels heavier and I swing it as hard as I can. I miss and the ball lands on the floor. FIRST STRIKE! declared
Sports have been around for thousands of years. The history of sports in United States began back in the 1840s. United States is a very unique country when we look at its sports, just like every country has a different structure of sports so does US. This paper will be taking about the Sports Organizations and Governance, the sports industry, sports organizations, and Structure of sports in the United States. It will also cover the Sport in the United States vs. Other Western Democracies by taking a look at the State Political, historical context, team objectives, and sports organizations. It will also cover the uniqueness of American sport as well as cover the mass participation and give recommendations on how to increase participation and success.
The Role of Local Authorities in Sports Sports development is ‘enabling people to learn basic movement skills, knowledge and understanding; developing a positive attitude to physical activity. ‘ (Anon) Sports development tries to ensure that all people should have the opportunity to receive physical education and the opportunity to acquire basic sports skills make sure that sport is taken part in a safe and healthy environment and in co-operation with the appropriate sports organisations. Sports development also tries to help people with the ability to have the opportunity to improve their performances and reach levels of personal achievement and/or publicly recognised levels of excellence. Sports development officers fall into two main types: generic and sports specific. Generic sports development officer’s deal with the development of sport generally, usually within a defined area and for a specific population group.
Controlling doping in sport has been a growing problem since the issue of doping has risen in the 1960s (3). This is due to the fact that doping activity cannot be tested for because the methods of doping are changing. Cheating in sport is usually deceptive and hidden, this occurs either by the cheating being done in secret or by finding ways to suppress key information (3). Cheating also occurs when someone breaks a rule that gives them an advantage over others (3). The ban on performance enhancing drugs should be lifted because it would decrease the cheating in sport and increase the autonomy of the athlete.
The sports of today have changed the way the players play the game. Starting on the professional sports level, bad sportsmanship behaviors, like the use of steroids or "throwing" a game or a match in an effort to please the sports gambler trying to get their big pay-off, has trickled down through the college level and even down to the high school level. One person recalls the days when athletes played their sport for the love of the game, because it is what they lived for. They remember when they were younger, sitting in their grandfather's lap and watching the Atlanta Braves (in the days of Dale Murphy, Bob Horner, Glenn Hubbard and other great names in Braves history) running out on the diamond every game. In fact, they quoted country artist, Collin Raye, saying [I've been] "a Braves fan even through the rotten years". Watching these games, they remember looking up at their grandfather’s face and seeing the look he had in his eyes by watching these guys play their sport from the heart. Now, years later, sports have been threatened by strikes. The athletes playing now aren't playing because they love to, but now it's more about the money and how much they can make. Sports of today are tainted and don't come from the heart. The kids today need to be taught what it was like "in the good ole' days" and how playing sports teaches an individual about how to work with other people and how to pull together as a family.
Why are their restricted rules of playing sports? If you are in the same grade as your friends but you are just a little younger why would still have to try out for that team? Let’s say you are 10, your friends are 11 your friends just get on the team, you have to try out for that team and if you do not make it you would either have the options to quit, or play with the younger kids in the grade right below you! No one wants to do that.