1.0 Climate change For a significant number of years it has been evident that global temperatures were rising and that human activity is a major contributing factor to this rise. The rise in temperature is not only heating the planet but having an adverse effect on the global climate. 1.1 Global Global temperatures have noticeably been rising since the mid 1800’s.The average temperature has increased by 0.6 ± 0.2°C since 1860 according to (John Sweeney, 2003)with accelerated warming apparent in the latter decades of the 20th century. The legitimacy of global warming had long been debated, however in a report by (IPCC, 2007) it states that warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global average sea level. Simulations on models such as EC-Earth provide us with predictions for future climate change. Depending on levels of emissions an increase of 1 to 5.5 degrees celsius is expected in average global temperatures by 2100. The warming of the air brings with it a change in weather patterns across the globe. This change in weather patterns will include an increase in weather extremes such as, storms and drought. The type of extreme depends on a specific region with drought expected to increase in the dry tropics and with the frequency of tropical storms and rainfall expected to increase in the wet tropics. The rise in temperature is having a significant impact on levels of rainfall, which in turn effects water run-off. Satellite observations since 1987 have shown that, as global temperatures have increased, global mean precipitation has increased in parallel at a rate of 7.4 ± 2.6% per ◦C ... ... middle of paper ... ...NR, 2009) it states that the effectiveness of a swale in both reducing the flow rates and volume of runoff, and removing pollutants, is a function of the size and composition of the drainage area, the slope and cross section of the channel, the permeability of the soil, the density and type of vegetation in the swales, and the swale dimensions. Retrofitting The idea of retrofitting suds into existing developments was introduced to tackle the problems assiocated with traditional drainage systems which were designed to convey stormwater from the devlopents to receiving enviorments as quickily as possible to minimize flooding at the development. These however cause enviormental problems in receiving enviorments The validity of retrofitting suds howerever is dependant on land availability, in piticular on high density urban developments where space is limited.
First, during the last few decades the Earth is experiencing greater rate of rising temperatures due to greenhouse gases that are being produced by human activities rather than because of environmental reasons, such as solar or volcanic activities. In 2006 the President of the National Academy of Sciences stated: “There is no doubt that the Earth is warming,” also he added that people are at least partly responsible for these changes in addition to regular factors (Cicerone, par.4). Natural factors have produced climate fluctuations on Earth for several million years. People have effected an atmosphere of the Earth just for nearly one hundred years, since Industrial Revolution has begun (Revkin 340). Of course, it is unfair to say that global warming is caused entirely by humans. For example, people can not have an impact on the position of Earth in relation to the sun, or on the galactic density, or such nature events as air emissions of volcanic gases. As a result of these environmental factors, Earth usually had higher rates of temperature fluctuations during the previous million years than it has in later centuries. On the other hand, people are responsible for the highest concentration of greenhouse gases during the last 650,000 years in the atmosphere due to industrial manufacturing, driven by the increase in consumer consumption (Lindsey, par.
...ry that is very demanding of krill and their habitat. The fisherman catch so much krill at once that the krill cannot keep up with the reproduction and the number of krill is decreasing every week. People should monitor how much krill they are catching so they don’t extinct the animal.
Climate change has been nothing, but controversial in the last fifty years. Climate change is a change in the average weather of a region or city. Scientists have opted to use the term "climate change" instead of global warming because as the Earth's average temperature changes, winds and ocean currents move heat around the globe in ways that can cool some areas, as well as warm others. There is an ongoing dispute about the effects of humans on the global climate and about what policies should be implemented to avoid possible undesirable effects of climate change. Ninety-seven percent of published scientific research concluded that climate change is real, problematic for the planet, and has been exacerbated by human activity. But what about the three percent that contradicts that?
Global warming and global climate change is the study of future increases of temperature across the globe. Studying climate change refers to how the over- all climate will change such as the dry places getting dryer and the wet places getting wetter. Global climate is dependent on “the greenhouse effect a natural process that helps regulate temperature” (Easterling and Karl). In the past few centuries humans have had a monumental effect on increasing of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Climate change is result of the increase amount of the greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere such as methane, carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrous oxide, and ozone. “Global temperature has rose approximately 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit over
Scientists and environmentalists started talking about global warming and the dangers of climate change long time ago but it is now when the consequences of these effects began to manifest themselves in a clearer and even worrisome manner. The temperatures on Earth are rising, the sea level is rising, the amounts of CO2 and ozone in the atmosphere are increasing, the amount and timing of precipitation is changing. All of these issues show tendency to worsen in the future, though it is hard to predict exactly by how much or at what rate they will unfold. One thing is clear – climate change has an impact on almost every area of our life and it deserves our attention and timely response.
Climate change is arguably one of the most controversial topics in modern science, and undoubtedly one of the most important. Ongoing research has shown that the planet’s climatic temperature has increased slightly yet significantly over the past century. Studies have also found that this warming can be attributed to human activities since the Industrial Revolution in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. As time goes on and humans continue their harmful actions, climate change and its related effects will continue to negatively impact nearly all living organisms.
Earth faces one of the most important and complicated issues ever faced, which is climate change. Climate change is the long-term change in atmospheric temperatures and climate. Although it has been denied and prolonged the issue now, it has created an even bigger problem and it has to solved and fast. The human impact over all the years of existence has changed the Earth’s climate completely. More severe storms are occurring, higher and lower temperatures than normal are reported, and some of the planet’s nonrenewable resources are slowly disappearing.
Mother Nature always comes with surprises, and although weather is forecasted, one can never prevent disasters from happening. Floods in the Midwest for example, have delayed the planting of many crops and destroyed them as well. The rise in environmental problems such as agricultural flooding has a catastrophic impact of great concern to farmers so tile drainage has been suggested to more or less improve the problem. Flooding in the Midwest is expected to increase in the upcoming future, therefore farmers should try to find the solution before it’s too late and they start losing more agriculture. Installing tile drainage systems on farming land isn’t a bad idea at all considering that the investment pays off in the end because it prepares the land for earlier planting and harvesting, and not only that, but companies use modern equipment in order to be accurate on the installation of this great system which helps improve the farmlands and helps get rid of most of the destruction of crops.
...l and water conservation is better for optimizing land and water retention, drainage channels, drain plug and a small drop structures to control the flow of excess water was carried out.
Rapidly growing human population is expected to exceed nine billion people by 2050. Urban areas in developing countries are affected by rapid growth of population and poor infrastructure development. Already half of the human population live in cities where the infrastructure is not developed enough to sustain wastewater production. As the population increases so the production of waste water. In addition, climate changes affect the weather patterns, which directly influence a hydrological cycle. As a result one area suffers from rain fall shortage and others from more intense rainfalls.
Climate change is a change in global or regional climate patterns. Most of the cold extremes of the world is experiencing warming at a more rapid pace than its warming extremes. In fact, the true cold season now exists in only the polar extremes of the African continent. Western Africa and Guinea are found to also face a reduction of precipitation while its neighboring regions, although also affected with reduced rainfall, are more prone to extreme rainfall, indicating the effect of the change global warming has brought (Aguilar, Aziz Barry, Brunet, Ekang, Fernandes, Massoukina, & Zhang, 2009).
Climate change is manifested in; variations in minimum and maximum temperature, frequent and extensive droughts, high intensity rainfalls and floods, seasonal and regional pest and disease prevalence leading to conflicts for pasture and water resources, high food insecurity; encroachment into
Many climate scientists, researchers, and environmentalists are expressing concerns about shifts in the overall climate of the earth. It is believed that a dramatically dangerous warming is taking place in the overall global climate, a problem that is referred to as "global warming”. Global warming is the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of Earth’s climate system. This temperature rise is due to the damaging effects of deforestation and the burning of fossil fuels. It is our responsibility to preserve our planet and our way of living but in order to do that we need to act now. If we continue to destroy the planet with no regard as to how serious this matter is there could be several negative effects to us as human being and other living thing on Earth. This is why global warming is truly a global issue and needs to be tackled collectively. We must to act now in order to reduce the dangerous levels of carbon dioxide emissions and we must to work together.
The world is getting hotter, and it is our fault! Global warming is the term given to the slow rise in the earth’s temperature over a long period of time, which happens when air polluting gasses like carbon dioxide and methane gases get trapped in the atmosphere making the atmosphere thick. The thick atmosphere prevents heat from escaping, which changes the earth’s temperature to a warmer climate. This warming has a negative impact on the earth and all that inhabit which makes it an environmental issue of global concern. While some may argue that global warming is not real, the earth is proving otherwise. Warmer temperatures are causing ice glaciers to melt, resulting in a rise in sea levels. Global warming is also causing a change in weather patterns, imposing devastating and unpredictable weather conditions on plants, animals, and humans. While global warming is caused partly by natural environmental occurrences out of our control, human activities are responsible the majority of global warming. The combustion of fossil fuels, chemical fertilizer use, methane emissions from factory farm animals, and deforestation are the main human activities that contribute to global warming.
Global Warming One of the most substantial problems in the world today is global warming. This gradual warming of the earth is in occurrence at an extremely slow rate but it is happening. Many scientists believe that as human’s work and release greenhouse gases into the earth’s atmosphere, it can become dangerous for the long lasting life of humans and our environment. “Unless we take immediate action, the impacts of global warming will continue to intensify, grow ever more costly and damaging, and increasingly affect the entire planet - including you, your community, and your family” (“Global Warming Impacts”).