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Explanation of a short story essay - the birthmark
The role of women in patriarchal society
19th century gender roles
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Recommended: Explanation of a short story essay - the birthmark
When he urged his wife to remove the birthmark that represents her sexuality as a women, he is simultaneously taking away Georgiana’s existence as a woman.
Woman’s in the eighteenth century are not highly praised for their education. From story of “The Birthmark”, it is quite obvious that Georgiana is not just an educated woman but also an intelligent person. As it was mentioned in the story, “To dispel the tedium of hours which her husband found it necessary to devote to the processes of combination and analysis, Georgiana turned over the volumes of his scientific library”(297). She was able to read and understand the work of many philosophers of the Middle Ages such as Albertus Magnus, Cornelius Agrippa, and Paracelsus. Her ability to interpret these complicated philosophy books is enough to demonstrate the fact that she is an highly intelligent woman. In the library, she also found records of his husband’s experiments. Not surprisingly, she was able to understand every single one of her husband’s experiment including the data, procedure, analysis and the result her husband has record. However, even though she is a highly educated and intelligent woman, her intelligence has never been acclaimed in the story. In contrast, Alymer was often regarded as “a man of science”, “Brilliant scientist”, or “Powerful intellect” by others. Only man’s talents and abilities would be recognized by the society which once again shows the domination of masculine power.
When women are married in the eighteenth century, their world revolves around no one else but their husband. Submissive wives were considered as a sign of good wives during the bygone era. Georgiana is a perfect example of a submissive wife of her time. She was both mentally ...
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...e into loving her husband. Women in the eighteenth century choose to obey everything their husband said, they voluntarily bow to power of their men because of love.
Georgiana’s death at the end of “The Birthmark” warns people the dangerousness of overwhelmed masculine power. With the absolute power resting on men’s hands, they can do almost everything they want to their wives. Nonetheless, this kind of abusive power could end up in tragedy. Throughout the story, Alymer was trying to erase the birthmark on his wife’s cheek regardless of the price it might takes. Eventually, he ended up paying for the abusive masculine power he used to control his wife. A prominent Spanish Catalan surrealist painter once said, “have no fear of perfection, you will never reach it.” If people do not know how to stay content with what they have, they will eventually lose everything.
In the eighteenth century, the process of choosing a husband and marrying was not always beneficial to the woman. A myriad of factors prevented women from marrying a man that she herself loved. Additionally, the men that women in the eighteenth century did end up with certainly had the potential to be abusive. The attitudes of Charlotte Lennox and Anna Williams toward women’s desire for male companionship, as well as the politics of sexuality, are very different. Although both Charlotte Lennox and Anna Williams express a desire for men in their poetry, Charlotte Lennox views the implications of this desire differently than Anna Williams.
One of the major themes in "The Birthmark" is man’s obsession with perfection. Through the birthmark on Georgiana, Hawthorne is able to portray that nature didn’t intend for things to be perfect. People are not perfect because the human condition is imperfect. Aylmer’s desire to make his wife perfect is doomed to failure because perfection, Hawthorne suggests, is the exclusive province of heaven that cannot be found on earth. Because she becomes an ideal being, completely unmarred, Georgiana is no longer able to exist in this
Lewis, Jan. "The Republican Wife: Virtue and Seduction in the Early Republic." The William and Mary Quarterly. 44 (1987), 689-722.
“The Birth Mark” is a story of an elusive search for perfection when an alchemist named Aylmer who is committed to his work, and is married to a beautiful woman named Georgiana, attempts to remove his wife’s birthmark. Aylmer brings up the topic of her birthmark soon after their marriage and says that she would be perfect if it were removed. This statement completely destroys Georgiana’s self-image, and now believes that she is ugly since her husband believes the same. Georgiana is so devoted to her husband that she views herself utterly through his vision of
The article starts off looking at the limitations and duties of a woman in the 18th century from the point of view of a man. Women were not permitted to do many professions such as law, economics or science related; these professions were reserved for men. Women were meant to be "the object of knowledge rather than its producer" (Frith 1994, 101) meaning that women were not to be educated but were to only of their responsibilities for pleasing a man, staying beautiful, and staying virtuous. Women were believed to be inferior intellectually and were therefore not to be educated and were basically forced to marry if they wished a decent life. However, Montagu feuded t...
In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s, The Birthmark, he uses unperfected beauty to confirm that if God’s creations are meddled with the product is harmful. A scientist, Alymer is married to a beautiful women named Georgiana whose only flaw is a birthmark on her left cheek.
The birthmark is a compelling story of one man’s obsession with his scientific ability to produce perfection. Aylmer, a scientist, is married to a Georgiana who is a very beautiful woman. Not long after getting married Georgiana’s birthmark, which is in the shape of a tiny handprint on her check, really begins to bother Aylmer. He sees it as a flaw in an other wise perfect woman. Georgiana knows that her birthmark disgusts him and, having grown up not bother at all by it, begins to hate it herself. He asks if she has ever considered having it removed. This is not something she has considered since other people in her life, especially men, have always seen it as a “charm”. Aylmer being an amazing scientist almost sees himself as god and feels that he has the power to remove this imperfection. Georgiana, bothered by her husband’s reaction to her birthmark, agrees to let him try to rid her of it. She is taken to his laboratory and he immediately begins to experiment. After she finds Aylmer’s book of experiments, which all end in failure, she for the first time, has some doubt about how this will work and confronts him. He reassures her and begins to try a multitude of methods, with the help of his assistant Aminadab, which do not work. At one point, there are several experiments going on and he even refers to himself as a “sorcerer” (Hawthorne 232). Finally, he produces a potion, which she drinks, and the birthmark begins to disappear! Slowly though, even as the experiment is working, Georgiana is fading away. He finds that ultimately, the birthmark was connected to her very soul and in his trying to act god like he actually kills her. Really this short story just proves that science has its limits and no man should try to act like G...
Georgiana has the wisdom and foresight to realize that she can never satisfy Aylmer, which perhaps contributes to her willingness to undergo the experiment. In a soliloquy not spoken aloud to Aylmer, she confesses that she longs to be all that he seeks in a woman but that she can never succeed because his spirit is “ever on the march, ever ascending, and each instant required something that was beyond the scope of the instant before.” (Hawthorne 344). Most interesting is Georgiana’s esteem for Aylmer when she realizes that his idealism will never correlate to reality. He believes that people’s spiritual nature is thwarted by the earthly part of us, rather than enabled by it. Based on his fate and the fate of his...
“…Hawthorne’s attitude is so removed and imperturbable that nothing in the story can be taken simply; in “The Birthmark” he reaches his furthest rage of disengagement” (Fogle 118). It is through the intellectual and moral development of Georgiana, not the scientists own actions or words, that the reader comes to understand that although twisted in his methods, Aylmer does possess a kind of “noble” love.
Aylmer is a man of science who marries a beautiful woman named georgina who is almost perfect. She has a tiny mark in the shape of a hand which the author describes that “many a desperate swain would have risked life for the privilege of pressing his lips to the mysterious hand”(427). Even Though the tiny hand on georgiana cheek is her only defect aylmer can 't accept it while other man will die just to kiss it. Aylmer says it shocks him as “being the visible mark of earthly imperfection”(417). Aylmer can 't accept her to have a small imperfection instead he wants her perfect. As Georgiana only care for what her husband thinks of her, she accepts aylmer suggestion to remove the mark. During the making of the poison to remove the mark georgina finds out their is a chance she could die and agrees to proceed. In the the potion worked in removing the birthmark but it caouse her to die. Before Georgiana dies she tells Aylmer he has “rejected the best earth could offer”(427). Aylmer tried to change what made her human and that got her killed. Aylmer couldn 't accept human imperfection to the point where it got her wife
Every man before has always complimented Georgiana on her sweet imperfection. People would tell her all the time that true beauty was in that little blemish. Aylmer, being the man of Science wanted to change what nature had created. Typically, we all know better than to go against Nature, but not Aylmer. Georgiana finally agreed to let her husband remove the birthmark due to a frightening dream Aylmer had encountered. Aylmer started working on a potion to remove Georgiana 's birthmark. As soon as Georgiana sipped the potion, she suddenly falls into a deep coma-like state. The birthmark magically disappears from Georgina 's face. However, as the birthmark fades away, so does Georgina 's life. Hawthorne uses Georgiana 's character to symbolize beauty in this story. Georgiana is already made perfect in the eyes of Nature and all other men, expect Aylmer. Aylmer, representing Science, tries to change Georgiana 's beauty that Nature has created. Aylmer was successful in removing the birthmark, but unsuccessful in keeping Georgiana alive. Aylmer was too intertwined in Science to realize that Georgiana was perfectly made by Nature. Nature paid Aylmer back for trying to correct Georgiana 's face by taking the life of his beloved
Although “The Birthmark” by Nathaniel Hawthorne was written in the mid-1800s, its themes and ideas are still a part of society today. The 19th century was a time of change, just as this, the millennium, is a time of great change. Hawthorne’s ideas about science, beauty, and life still play a major part in our lives, despite many improvements. Even today, people try to play “God” and change things that nature has put in place. It’s human curiosity; how much can be changed, how many things can be perfected? The themes in this short story-- religion, gender, and science--were relevant in Hawthorne’s day, and still are many years later. The theme of religion is hidden in the desire to erase the birthmark. In trying to “perfect” Georgiana, Aylmer is testing God’s creation. He doesn’t believe that how God created Georgiana is perfect, and he is obsessive about making her his idea of perfection. Aminadab, Aylmer’s servant, tries to tell his master to leave the birthmark alone. He tells Aylmer that if Georgiana were his wife, he wouldn’t worry about something so trivial. However, the scientific ideas on Aylmer’s mind won’t let him forget the birthmark. He believes he can remove it with the help of science. Even so, science has no part in creation, according to Hawthorne, and Georgiana’s death after the removal of the birthmark signifies that theory. Her death is Hawthorne’s way of showing that judgment and perfection are God’s duti...
The time setting of the short story “The Birth-Mark” was the eighteenth century, a quite difficult era for the lives of women. In a journal published by Helga Madland, it was mentioned “Since the Graeco-Roman period, women had been perceived as inferior to males in the social hierarchy;..”(pg167). The low status of women in the society has been a big issue in the eighteenth century as reflected in the story “The Birth-Mark” written by Nathaniel Hawthorne. In this story, the unevenly distributed power between male and female eventually result in tragedy of women. “The Birth-Mark” by Hawthorne clearly proves that masculine power always dominates.
...r’s household most women in this period had no self-respect and were controlled by their husbands.
The term Electra complex which according to Freud is ‘feminine Oedipus attitude’ is for the first time coined by C. G. Jung as ‘Electra complex’. This term refers to “a type of arrested development in an older female child or woman, in which the daughter adulates the father and scorns the mother” (Swiontkowski 31) for she lacks a penis which is a phallus, a symbol of power and authority. While Freud sees the complex from anatomical and sexual point of view, Jung sees it from symbolic point of view where biological father is often absent. If we read the poems identified with the Electra complex written by Anne Sexton and Sylvia Plath, we will notice that both the poets represent an imaginary image of the fathers to symbolize patriarchal power what they want to gain not to see their position as victim in the patriarchal social structure any more. Gale Swiontkowski clearly points out why a daughter shows her excessive psychological attachment towards her father and denying her mother. She