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The effectiveness of terrorism
Role of the ku klux klan in the us:exposé
Kkk history
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Terrorism has been climbing the charts as a more popular, and more deadly, idea of a political statement. But terrorism differs from ordinary crime in two ways. First, the terrorist’s purpose is psychological, and intended to provoke fear in the community. Second, the objectives of terrorism, are political, including but not limited to the repression of dissent, revolution, national liberation, and forcing people to choose sides between the terrorists and the government. Throughout the years, terrorism has existed, both foreign and domestically. Starting in the year 1865, terrorism has been a change and continuity in time because it continued to be domestic with organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan, Japanese Internment Camps, communists, …show more content…
The Reconstruction Era, after the Civil War, was a period of fear for African Americans. With the formation of the Ku Klux Klan in 1867, terror and havoc had been wreaked upon African Americans, along with the strengthening of stereotypes. Being one of the oldest terrorist groups in the world, the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) used fear as their real objective. This Klan preserved the white supremacy seen in the south, even to the present day. Although most people don’t see the Klan as a group of terrorism, they qualify to the basic standards because their violence is systematic and the objective is political – to maintain supremacy of one group over another. Multiple examples of their violence can be seen throughout time, along with the effects it had on the African American population. One example is in 1965, in Selma, Alabama, a part of the Klan killed a Civil Rights Protestor, a woman. This woman was shot to death while returning from delivering a carload of Civil Rights workers who …show more content…
Forced internment of these citizens was the result of fear of terrorism, although not labelled as such. However, since most of these citizens had their own communities and businesses, they suffered from economic loss and hardship. Later on, after the internment camps had passed, the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 was passed, although the immigration of Asians was still complex as the Japanese were considered undesirable because of their enemy status during World War II. This caused an increase in racism and systematic inferiority of the Japanese race to their counterparts, such as the Chinese, the White man, and the African Americans
The Moore’s Ford lynching shows that the Ku Klux Klan was still very powerful in Georgia just after the Second World War. Blacks who lived in these areas which were overwhelmingly rural and contained large plantations owned by white men were regularly browbeaten into submission by the white minority and sporadic outbreaks of violence were not uncommon. There was a wealth of evidence against several white men who were prominent citizens of the county, but no prosecution was ever conducted and the murderers went to their graves without having paid for their crime....
The attack on Pearl Harbor was a major shock for America, and it created extreme fear and paranoia that the Japanese-Americans would help Japan win the war. There was a widespread stigma of anti-Japanese attitudes and racism; therefore, the government concluded it was easier to seclude them from the rest of America. The Japanese Americans were sent to internment camps where their identity was stripped from them and their privacy was taken away. Some individuals were not only sent to internment camps, but also detention camps, which altered their physical and mental state significantly.
The population of African Americans from 1865 to 1900 had limited social freedom. Social limitations are limitations that relate “…to society and the way people interact with each other,” as defined by the lesson. One example of a social limitation African Americans experienced at the time is the white supremacy terrorist group, the Ku Klux Klan or the KKK. The KKK started as a social club formed by former confederate soldiers, which rapidly became a domestic terrorist organization. The KKK members were white supremacists who’s objective was to ward off African Americans from using their new political power. In an attempts to achieve their objective, Klansmen would burn African American schools, scare and threaten voters, destroy the homes of African Americans and also the homes of whites who supported African American rights. The greatest terror the KKK imposed was that of lynching. Lynching may be defined via the lesson as, “…public hanging for an alleged offense without benefit of trial.” As one can imagine these tactics struck fear into African Americans and the KKK was achiev...
Hooded Americanism: The First Century of the Ku Klux Klan: 1865 to the Present by David Chalmers records the history of the Ku Klux Klan quite bluntly, all the way from its creation following the civil war, to the early 1960’s. The author starts the book quite strongly by discussing in detail many acts of violence and displays of hatred throughout the United States. He makes a point to show that the Klan rode robustly throughout all of the country, not just in the southern states. The first several chapters of the book focus on the Klan’s creation in 1865. He goes on to discuss the attitude of many Americans following the United State’s Civil War and how the war shaped a new nation. The bulk of the book is used to go through many of the states, and express the Klan’s political influence on both the local and state governments. The author starts with Texas and Oklahoma, and goes through the history of the Klan geographically, finishing with New Jersey and Washington. The author stresses that the KKK did not just commit acts of violence towards minorities, but also carried political power. He continues to discuss the impact of the Klan on Civil Rights movements in the 1960’s, and various other important political controversies between the 1920’s and 1970’s. Towards the middle of the book, David M. Chalmers focuses on portraying the feelings of governments and state legislatures, as well as normal citizens towards the Klan. To do this more effectively, the author uses excerpts and quotes from editorials and newspapers, along with several dozen pictures. The conclusion of the book was used mainly as an overview of all of the major incidents and deaths involving the Klan, and how their persistence has allowed them to still exist today despite a lack of resources and support.
Initially popularized during the French Revolution, the term “terrorism,” at its inception, was a distinctly positive word; from the rubble of the first revolts in 1789, stemmed the regime de la terreur, an instrument of governance meant to further propel the success of the revolutionaries through the intimidation of those loyal to the dictatorial regime which governed France for much of the eighteenth century (Hoffman 3). Ironically, given the modern interpretation of terrorism, the revolutionaries who would ultimately constitute the regime de la terreur were advocating for virtue and democracy––in fact, one of the figureheads of the revolutionary movement Maximilien Robespierre was renowned for having said: “virtue, without which terror is
In today’s society the word “terrorism” has gone global. We see this term on television, in magazines and even from other people speaking of it. In their essay “Controlling Irrational Fears After 9/11”, published in 2002, Clark R. Chapman and Alan W. Harris argue that the reaction of the American officials, people and the media after the attacks of 9/11 was completely irrational due to the simple fact of fear. Chapman and Harris jump right into dismembering the irrational argument, often experienced with relationships and our personal analysis. They express how this argument came about from the terrorist being able to succeed in “achieving one major goal, which was spreading fear” among the American people (Chapman & Harris, para.1). The supporters of the irrational reaction argument state that because “Americans unwittingly cooperated with the terrorist in achieving the major goal”, the result was a widespread of disrupted lives of the Americans and if this reaction had been more rational then there would have been “less disruption in the lives of our citizens” (Chapman & Harris, para. 1).
The internment and cruel treatment of the Japanese in the U.S. stemmed from a fear of a full-pledged invasion from Japan and also from years of racial prejudice against the Japanese. Like the Chinese, the first Japanese immigrants were originally viewed as a cheap source of labor, but shortly after they became targets of anti-Asian campaigns, specifically called the “yellow peril.” This prejudice began as the Japanese slowly moved from farm laborers to farm owners and owners of small businesses. “As successful farmers, fruit growers, fishermen, and small businessmen, their ability to do well with little and to overcome great odds made them objects of envy by some members of the white community.” White Americans (specifically White Farmers) soon began to build a prejudice against the Japanese and supported the internment.. The Japanese were not the only minorities to be segregated. In the 1930s, America as a whole was a place with little tolerance towards people of different color (Native Americans were to live on reservations, African-Americans, Asians, and other minorities were barred from many jobs due to race).
Although abolition of slavery in the South coincided with the conclusion of the Civil War, a century of institutionalized racism was widespread in the former Confederacy. This institutionalized racism came in the form of the Jim Crow laws. It was a social norm to look at African Americans as inferior or even harmful to the White population. Groups such as the Ku Klux Klan roamed around "defending" the white population from the African Americans. This defense came in the form of public executions (lynching) or intimidation.
The FBI defines terrorism as “the unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof in furtherance of political or social objectives (fbi.gov).” By this definition, terrorism can be classified as internal or international based on the overall intent of the attack. Terrorism has been around since the beginning of time, but it’s only since 2011 that the world has come to fully understand the meaning of terrorism. The following paragraphs will highlight four different types of terrorist attacks that all took place within the United States spanning over a 40 year time period.
In the olden days of the United States, the Mafias were the only thing to fear. But in the past few years, a new threat has rapidly evolved. This threat is terrorism. In order to understand the movement from organized crime to terrorism, it is necessary to investigate three key perspectives: How these terms are defined, how it was progressed through the years, and how it is controlled today.
Being that the rate suicide terrorism has amplified globally and has taken many lives in the process it can be seen why this issue may be of significance. Furthermore this issue is of relevance because this method of resistance kills more than any other tactic (Ashworth, Clinton, Meirowitz, and Ramsay, 1). Therefore it can be seen as to why this issue is of such important. Many have speculated as to what exactly motivates such behavior. Robert Pape defines suicide terrorist as one who is willing to sacrifice his life as well as the lives of others in hopes to coerce his opponents. Experts , including Pape, have wondered what causes an individual to take such drastic measures. Others have also proposed possible solutions to this issue. It will be seen as to what those solutions are and the possible issues that these solutions may be comprised of.
The United States, like any large nation, experiences its fair share of domestic terrorism. Domestic terrorism comes in two forms, within the United States, secular terrorism and religious terrorism. The broader category of terrorism, of which secular and religious terrorism fall under, is defined as a violent act committed against defenseless civilians in order to incite change. The distinctive difference between secular and religious terrorism is the motivation to commit the act. Secular terrorist are motivated by ideology, that is separate from religion, and Religious terrorist are motivated by an interpretation of their religion. Because of these terrorist acts the United States is forced to take action, in order to prevent terrorist acts,
Al Qaeda, the organization that the United States is in a constant, never ending battle with, the organization that has made the most impact and changed the United States forever. Al Qaeda is always making headlines with their terrorist attacks, the most known attack September 11th, 2001. This essay is about the terrorist group Al Qaeda, its history and background, Osama bin Laden, their well-known leader, and the major attacks on America.
In, 1914 every Southern state had passed laws that created two separate societies: one black, the other white. The combination of constant humiliation and segregated education for their children made thousands of African Americans leave the South. They could not ride together in the same railroad cars, sit in the same restaurants, or sit in the same theaters as whites. African Americans were denied access to parks, beaches, picnic areas, and from many hospitals. There was segregation in hotels, stores, entertainment, and libraries. All this fueling an atmosphere of racism and a rise in lynching, rioting, and the Ku Klux Klan. The KKK continued to create violence during this period. They were murdering African Americans to prevent them from voting and participating in public life. They were also lynched for any violation of the southern code. They had burned them alive, shot them, or beat them to death. Although this didn’t stop African Americans to achieve their
Most Islamic would-be martyrs not only share these beliefs but have also grown up in a culture of despair: they have nothing to lose. Eliminate such poverty and you eliminate the breeding ground for terrorists. When the Bush administration speaks of eliminating terror, it does not appear to be talking about eliminating cultures of despair and the social conditions that lead one to want to give up one's life to martyrdom.