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Factors influencing team dynamics
Stages of team development
Analyse team dynamics
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IYORE IMADE Think about a team you are on at work. Which stage are you in right now, and how do you know? Describe two actions that you could take to improve team functioning, based on your assessment of team stage. A team can be defined as a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performing goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable (Katzenbach & Smith, The Wisdom of Teams 2015). A team can also be defined as a group in which members work together intensively to achieve a common group goal (Lewis-McClear & Taylor 1998). According to the class lecture, teams can improve competitiveness, improve productivity, improve quality, provide backup for key skills, enhance …show more content…
The norming stage involves team members trying to create a sense of teamwork and the effect of peer pressure is one of the major attributes I noticed in my team (David A. Whetten and Kim S. Cameron. 2015). I know we are at the norming stage because I can clearly see the peer pressure effect on the team. For example, there is a team member that is creative and charismatic, and every other member of the team finds it hard to spring up new ideas different from his when we are faced with a task. From my observation, I noticed that people might have an idea different from his idea, but we all just accept his idea. This is because everyone is trying to get along well with every other person, and trying to show support. In this stage, team members begin to discuss their responsibilities, who reports to whom, and how things will interface. Team members also begin to identify with one another, this brings about trust within the team. There is also a cohesive bond within my team and conclusions are reached quite easily, and by easily, I mean we arrive at solutions without conflicts. Conflict is good in a team and solutions can be reached without conflicts, but in a case where one person speaks and everyone unanimously accepts the persons decision without brainstorming or exploring other alternatives can be a pitfall for the team. This can be related to what is called groupthink. According …show more content…
From my observation in my team, there is the general conception that we should all work together without argument or misunderstanding, this can lead to what I mentioned earlier known as groupthink, and according to David A. Whetten and Kim S. Cameron this can make the team experience a certain amount of pressure to conform to the expectation of other team members. Furthermore, to improve team functioning at this norming stage, I will have to carry out a series of actions, so we can progress into the next stage which is the storming stage on the Tuckman’s model. During the process of enhancing team functioning, I will always have at the back of my mind as discussed in the class lecture that not all members of the team will progress into the storming stage at the same
In 1972, Irving Janis presented a set of hypothesis that he extracted from observing small groups performing problem solving tasks; he collectively referred to these hypotheses as groupthink¹. He defined groupthink as “a quick and easy way to refer to a mode of thinking that people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive in-group, when the members’ striving for unanimity override their motivation to realistically appraise alternative courses of action²” A successful group brings varied ideas, collective knowledge, and focus on the task at hand. The importance of groups is to accomplish tasks that individuals can not do on their own. The Bay of Pigs, Watergate, and the Challenger disaster are all forms of failure within a group. Specifically, you can see the effect of groupthink of Americans before September 11, 2001. The thought of harm to the United States was unfathomable, but only after the attacks did they realize they were not invincible. When a solid, highly cohesive group is only concerned with maintaining agreement, they fail to see their alternatives and any other available options. When a group experiences groupthink, they may feel uninterested about a task, don't feel like they will be successful, and the group members do not challenge ideas. Stress is also a factor in the failure of groupthink. An effective group needs to have clear goals, trust, accountability, support, and training. Some indicators that groupthink may be happening are; making unethical decisions, they think they are never wrong, close-minded about situations, and ignore important information. Many things can be done to prevent groupthink from happening. One way is to make each person in the group a “critical evaluator”. The leader must ...
Norming- The norming stage is where everything begins to get clear because the leader takes responsibility and everyone else accept their roles and position in the team. Agreement forms among the team members. Team may engage in more discussions and other activities. Leader ship is also shared by other team members at times. Respect is shown to the leader.
There are several things that I have, and will continue to do the same when working in a group. When people collect to form teams, a collective team personality is formed which can cause individuals to act contrary to how they normally would under the same circumsta...
There are eight symptoms of groupthink. The first symptom is when all or most of the group view themselves as invincible which causes them to make decisions that may be risky. The group has an enormous amount of confidence and authority in their decisions as well as in themselves. They see themselves collectively better in all ways than any other group and they believe the event will go well not because of what it is, but because they are involved. The second symptom is the belief of the group that they are moral and upstanding, which leads the group to ignore the ethical or moral consequences of the decisions. The group engages in a total overestimation of its morality. There is never any question that the group is not doing the right thing, they just act. The disregarding of information or warnings that may lead to changes in past policy is the third symptom. Even if there is considerable evidence against their standpoint, they see no problems with their plan. Stereotyping of enemy leaders or others as weak or stupid is the fourth symptom. This symptom leads to close-mindedness to other individuals and their opinions. The fifth symptom is the self-censorship of an individual causing him to overlook his doubts. A group member basically keeps his mouth shut so the group can continue in harmony. Symptom number six refers to the illusion of unanimity; going along with the majority, and the assumption that silence signifies consent. Sometimes a group member who questions the rightness of the goals is pressured by others into concurring or agreeing, this is symptom number seven. The last symptom is the members that set themselves up as a buffer to protect the group from adverse information that may destroy their shared contentment regarding the group’s ...
Seven tasks must be included in consideration of team dynamics and structure. The first of which is defining the goal, mission or function of a specific team. The team must know what it is being asked to accomplish. The second area of consideration is assessing what skills, abilities, knowledge or potential to acquire such would be needed amongst selected team members. Identification of potential team members should include an assessment of the skills, knowledge and abilities or the potential to acquire such so that ultimately the team has the building blocks with which to succeed in its mission, goal or function. This assessment must include an understanding of realistic potential contributions by potential team members with the included assessment of whether or not the acquisition of skills and knowledge can be made available through research and analysis.
When we think of the word team, individually many different ideas may come to mind about what a team really is. Some may think of an NFL team (Tennessee Titans), an NBA team (Sacramento Kings), or a NASA astronaut team with such pioneers as Edwin Aldrin, Jr. and Neil Armstrong as members. You might even think of the U.S. Navy, Air Force, Army, Coast Guard, or Marines as teams. In fact they all are, and they have a great deal in common as teams. However, for the purposes of this paper I will examine the characteristics of work teams, as they apply to organizations and I will supply answers to the following questions: What is a team? Where did the team concept come from? What are the types of teams? What are the advantages and disadvantages of having teams in organizations? What does it take to make a team effective?
1984 – groupthink takes on an invidious connotation when the deterioration in mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgments as a result of group pressure. The symptoms of groupthink arise when the members of decision-making groups become motivated to avoid being too harsh in their judgments of their leaders’ or their colleagues’ ideas. They have a “we-feeling” atmosphere.
When Timothy Piazza needed help, his fellow fraternity brothers decided to not risk getting in trouble or disrupting the harmony of the group. Concurrence pressures have come up in studies showing that it helps reinforce and strengthen an individual’s acceptance of the group's decision. Concurrence seeking correlates with concurrence pressures and cohesiveness. Concurrence seeking is a contributing component to cohesiveness because both initiate conformity. It has been found that cohesiveness has an impact on the quality of decision making of a group when the group size is large. Identity theory and social identity theory combined cognitive processes self-verification and depersonalization occur within the individual trying to go along with group norms. Understanding why groupthink may occur and what is the social processes that occur around is needed to know to further study why groupthink goes bad in a group. Groupthink can have a good or bad effect on group depending on the group's decision-making
As the old saying goes, "An ounce of prevention is worth more than a pound of cure." The dynamics of a team can be very diverse. Sometimes that's good and sometimes it's bad. It is so important to extinguish all issues from the very beginning because otherwise they lie buried and slowly build into something that is blown out of proportion. It is important to safeguard the team from this by setting up a system of routine meetings, and team rules to where people have a chance to discuss and solve potential problems in an open unbiased forum.
The development of teams has become the essential element of many successful businesses. Teamwork helps increase the effectiveness, competitiveness, and productivity of organizations. Professional work teams are seen as being more efficient. Now studies are showing that individual’s typically fall short of their usual performance, when working in groups versus working alone. Teamwork can actually inhibit or even damage productivity.
Hellriegel, Slocum, & Woodman (1986) state that team building is used to improve the effectiveness of work groups by focusing on any of the following four purposes: setting goals and priorities, deciding on means an methods, examining the way in which the group works, and exploring the quality of working relationships. A cycle then develops; it begins with the awareness or perception of a problem and is followed sequentially by data collection, data sharing diagnosis, action planning, action implementation, and behavioral evaluation. This style is repeated as new problems are identified.
The stages of team development are forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. Norming is the first stage that involves team members getting to know each other and trying to figure out where they fit in. As a leader, it is important to provide clear directions and set proper goals and expectations during this stage. Storming is the next stage and as the name suggest it is characterized with struggles, challenges, conflicts, and competition among team members. During this stage, I will provide a mediating role and facilitate conversations that steers the team towards the right
Tuckman’s theory recognises that teams grow through clearly defined stages, from their creation as groups of individuals, to unified, task-focused teams.
There are preventive methods that can help reduce or even eliminate groupthink within groups and therefore can result in effective decisions being made. In order to achieve this, it is vital for the leader to create an environment where each member of the group is trusted and is given a chance to openly share and analyse ideas without fear. The practices a leader can follow in order to eliminate groupthink consist of Appointing a Devil’s Advocate, ensure team size is the right size, Division into subgroups, Leader should not state preference initially, Encouraging diversity.
Working in teams provides an opportunity for individuals to come together and establish a rapport towards others within a group. Teamwork is classified as people with different strengths and skills who work together to achieve a common goal. When a team works well, specific objectives are fulfilled and satisfied. Teamwork plays a crucial role in implementing and fulfilling a common goal in a team project. Each member plays a role and takes on different responsibilities combined together. In different stages of teamwork, conflicts and arguments may occur for as members have different standpoints which need to be harmonized within the team. The key to having an effective teamwork is to explore each member's unique abilities to motivate them.