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Mass media and influence on youths
Introduction and thesis statement of violence on television
Violent media and violent behavior
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"TV to blame for rising violence, says police chief' an article taken from the Times on 28th June 2002."
The article describes how the content of what young people are watching of television is responsible for rises in criminal behaviours amongst young people.
One assumption is that young people are susceptible to the influence of television. In the article Matthew Baggott, the deputy chief constable states of young people, `They are very vulnerable to the influences of the media.' This influence is bet shown in the famous Bobo doll studies of Bandura (1963). I chose this evidence because it is a benchmark in the field of the Social Learning Theory.
My second assumption is that the crime rate is affected by portrayals of other moral issues than violence on television. In the article Sir Edward Crew, the head of West Midlands police said of increases in violent crime, ` These increases are hardly surprising given the constant diet of aggression, undress, innuendo and dishonesty.'
Kohlberg (1976) is useful here because his work includes his theory of moral development which can easily be applied to the issue of crime.
My third assumption is that programs attempting to mimic reality are liable to have a greater effect on the youth watching them. Matthew Baggott says the young become disconnected from the normal standards of behaviour because `When situations on television are portrayed as real life it is difficult to detach oneself from what we are seeing.' Confusion of reality and the media is shown by Gerbner and Gross (1976) in their essay, `Living with television: The violence profile'. This links well with the article because it shows television can alter our perceptions. Comstock and Paik (1991), auth...
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... 2001 edition for information on Bandura's Bobo studies and Kohlberg Paradigm
webpage: www.apa.org/pubinfo/violence.html for general information.
webpage: www.findarticles.com/cf_dls/m1175/1_34/74924599/p1/article.jhtml Article: Violence on Television- What do Children learn? What Can Parents Do?
webpage: www.ksu.edu/humec/impact.htm Impact of televised violence by John P. Murray, Ph.D for information on Gerbner and Gross (1976). `Living with television: The violence profile.'
webpage: http://npin.org/library/pre1998/n00155/n00155.html for Comstock and Paik information
webpage: www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/bandura.htm for information on Bandura's television and violence bobo study.
Psychology And Crime, Clive R. Hollin
Angles On Criminal Psychology, Diana Dwyer for information on Bandura, Gerbner and Gross and Comstock and Paik
Kaplan, R.M. & Singer, R.D. (1976). TV violence and viewer aggression: A reexamination of the evidence. Journal of Social Issues, 32, 33-70.
addition the average American child will witness over 200,000 acts of violence on television including 16,000 murders before the age of 18 (DuRant, 445). Polls show that three-quarters of the public find television entertainment too violent. When asked to select measures that would reduce violent crime “a lot”, Americans chose restrictions on television violence more often than gun control. Media shows too much violence that is corrupting the minds children, future leaders of our society. In a study of population data for various countries sh...
Daly, Kathleen, Goldsmith, Andrew, and Israel, Mark. 2006, Crime and Justice: A guide to criminology, third addition, Thomson, Lawbook Co.
According to John Davidson's essay Menace to Society, "three-quarters of Americans surveyed [are] convinced that movies, television and music spur young people to violence." While public opinion is strong, the results of research are divided on the effects of media violence on the youth in this country. Davidson wrote that most experts agree that some correlation between media violence and actual violent acts exists, yet the results are contradictory and researchers quibble about how the effects are to be measured (271). Moreover, Davidson is not convinced that the media is the sole problem of violence, or even a primary problem. He points out that other factors, such as "poverty, the easy accessibility of guns, domestic abuse, [and] social instability" may have a greater impact on a child becoming violent than the influence of the media (277). Even though other forces may be stronger, media violence does have some adverse effects on the members of society. If senseless violence on television and in movies had no effect, it would not be such a hotly debated topic. What type of effects and whom they affect are the most argued aspects of the discussion.
Television with its far reaching influence spreads across the globe. Its most important role is that of reporting the news and maintaining communication between people around the world. Television's most influential, yet most serious aspect is its shows for entertainment. Violent children's shows like Mighty Morphing Power Rangers and adult shows like NYPD Blue and Homicide almost always fail to show human beings being able to resolve their differences in a non-violent manner; instead they show a reckless attitude that promotes violent action first with reflection on the consequences later. Contemporary television creates a seemingly insatiable appetite for amusement of all kinds without regard for social or moral benefits (Schultze 41). Findings over the past twenty years by three Surgeon Generals, the Attorney General's Task Force on Family Violence, the American Medical Association, the National Institute of Mental Health, the American Psychiatric Association, the American Psychological Association, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and other medical authorities indicate that televised violence is harmful to all of us, but particularly to the mental health of children (Medved 70-71).
American Psychological Association. "Violence on Television. What Do Children Learn? What Can Parents Do?" APA Online. www.apa.org/publicinfo/violence.html. Accessed October 23, 2001.
Thompson, Robert J. “Tv Violence and Self Regulation”. britannica.com. 30 Sept. 2013. Web. 7 Jan.
“There are certain clues at a crime scene which, by their very nature, do not lend themselves to being collected or examined. How does one collect love, rage, hatred, fear…? These are things that we’re trained to look for," (Criminal Minds). Intriguing, isn 't it. "I object to violence because when it appears to do good, the good is only temporary. The evil it does is permanent," (Criminal Minds). Television gives us easy access to the stories of life 's struggles that seem to pull us in. Much research has been done on television viewing such as: the amount of time spent viewing, the amount of violence, nudity, drug and alcohol use portrayed. Many of the shows on television today portray violence. In today 's culture, violence
Society has been bombarded with violence from the beginning of time. These concerns about violence in the media have been around way before television was even introduced. Nevertheless, there have been numerous studies, research, and conferences done over the years on television, but the issue still remains. Researchers do acknowledge that violence portrayed on television is a potential danger. One issue is clear though, our focus on television violence should not take attention away from other significant causes of violence in our country such as: drugs, inadequate parenting, availability of weapons, unemployment, etc. It is hard to report on how violent television effects society, since television affects different people in different ways. There is a significant problem with violence on television that we as a society are going to have to acknowledge and face.
Summary #1 Television violence, and media violence in general, has been a controversial topic for several years. The argument is whether young children are brainwashed into committing violent real-world crimes because of violent and pugnacious behavior exposed in mass media. In his article “No Real Evidence for TV Violence Causing Real Violence”, Jonathan Freedman, a professor of psychology at the University of Toronto and author of “Media Violence and Its Effect on Aggression: Assessing the Scientific Evidence”, discusses how television violence, claimed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), does not cause real-world aggression among adolescents. The FCC determined to restrict violent television programming to late night hours only because their “scientific research” proves of increasing aggression among young viewers (Freedman Par. 2).
... for children. Children are exposed to 20,000 advertisements a year. The average child watches 8,000 televised murders and 100,000 acts of violence before finishing elementary school. By the time children graduate from high school, those numbers more than doubles. Furthermore, television is shown to influence attitudes about race and gender. Pro-social and anti-social behaviors are influenced by television.
Many people today blame television and media in general when something bad happens, for example shootings in the schools. However, should television take all the blame for effects and changes in American youth? Television shows crimes and killing, but television can also teach young children how to behave in the right way.
of violence or tunes into their parents favorite soap opera might find an increasingly amount of exposure to violent acts and sexual content. Children are very vulnerable to such influences and often do not know the difference between right and wrong and the difference between reality and fantasy (Dritz, Russel 1996). As the years go on and television seems to be too censored to most, studies have continued to prove the increasing numbers of children associated with violence and sexual behavior. Although a seemingly older statistic, the Neilson Index averaged American children to watch 18,000 television murders before he or she graduated from high school (Tucker, Larry A. 1988). Could this be a reason for an increasing amount of murders and violent acts among children today?
depict a fantasy world are a lot more interesting to watch. People don't want to
Young people especially the teenagers are sensitive and receptive to learning new things. The media provides more than they can handle. Access to different programs, shows, and movies affect the manner that the teenagers behave. Today, it is unfortunate to say that the media is becoming more sexual and violent than the older days, resulting in similar behaviors among the teens (Craig, & Baucum, 2001). By watching programs intended for the adults, teenagers are drifting even further. They start behaving like adults without the prerequisites of becoming one. This means that they have contents that do not match with their ages. And then terrible things begin – increased college dropouts, teenage pregnancies, and increased cases of suicides. Some teenagers who had bright future ahead of them will