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Characteristics Of Formative Assessment
Understanding assessment in education
Characteristics Of Formative Assessment
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Assessment is to assess the learning progress of a child; it will also help children to improve their progress. According to The glossary of Education Reform (2015), assessment means a wide variety of methods or tools that educators use to evaluate, measure, and document the academic readiness, learning progress, skill acquisition, or educational needs of students. According to Huba and Freed (2000), assessment is the process of gathering and discussing information from multiple and diverse sources in order to develop a deep understanding of what students know, understand, and can do with their knowledge as a result of their educational experiences; the process culminates when assessment results are used to improve subsequent learning. …show more content…
According to G. S. Morrisson (2010) assessment is to identify what children know, the special needs of the children, determine appropriate placement, and plan appropriate curriculum to meet children’s individual needs.
The assessment that we had chosen to check for children’s understanding is formative assessment. According to Supporting learning and developing through assessment (2015), the importance of assessment is to help the teachers to build children as capable and competence learners to support their future learning and development. In our curriculum we focus on formative assessment. In formative assessment we divide into two parts which is informal assessment and formal assessment. According to The Glossary of Education Reform (2014) formative assessment means a method that teachers use to conduct in-process evaluations of student comprehension, learning needs, and academic progress during a lesson, unit, or course. The reason why we choose formative assessment is that children can provide ongoing feedback that can be used by instructors to
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Teacher will also circulate the classroom, quizzing and posing questions to the student to check for students understanding then scaffold them if they don’t know how to do. Through documentation all the work that had been done by the children are all taken down as a record for later when teacher want to trace back what the children had done it is easier it is also a prove for the parents to see what the children had done in class throughout the semester. Teacher can take picture, video as a record. (child discovery centre) Teacher will also provide opportunities for students to present or show upon their learning and teaching experiences this will also her to build children’s confidence. Collecting, analysing, and providing feedback on in and out of class work this will help children to know what their mistake is and improve on the specific area that children are not good at. On the other hand, for formative informal assessment, we will use documentation to collect children’s art work and present to parents during parents teacher day. Besides that, teacher will have a progress book for each child to record children’s daily performance in general. For example, teacher will
Elwood, J. (2006). Formative assessment: possibilities, boundaries and limitations. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 215-232, doi:10.1080/09695940600708653
...teacher see what their students know, wonder about and techniques they use to make sense of the world and the classroom. This information can then be used by the teacher to differentiate instruction. The teacher can recover material, present alternative activities that students are more receptive in order to foster student responsiveness and engagement. In Page Keeley’s article An Introduction to Formative Assessment Classroom Techniques (FACTs) she articulates the purpose and power of a classroom that frequently uses formative assessments by saying, “it organizes the entire classroom around learning and informs ways teachers can provide more effective learning experiences based on how their own” (10). Formative assessments foster a supportive classroom community where students and even teacher thoughts are encouraged and in turn shape the future of that classroom.
Ideas swarm around us everyday. They run through our heads and at times they alter our thoughts, believes, and perception. The question is, what ideas, events, or words affect us so that we do the things we do and say the things we say. If we understand the causes and know the effects, we have yet to fully understand the “chain.” In essence, the real question is not “what” ideas, events, or words affected the person but rather “why” it affected them. To understand the why, we must first understand the initial cause and effect.
Assessments are an important part of teaching. Assessments are a good way for teachers to monitor students’ learning and understanding. Knowing students’ level of understanding can help teachers improve students’ learning and guide their instructions. In the future, I plan to continue assessing students in multiple ways such as, asking questions, illustrations and writing to adjust my instruction. I also plan to encourage students to assess their own work so they are involved in their own learning as well as look for ways to “employ technology to support assessment
What is pivotal in assessment is that it enhances teaching and learning; it is also the crucial link between learning outcomes, the content that is taught and learning activities. Furthermore, Sieborger (1998) states that assessment is a reciprocal process; as it is used by both learners and teachers to decide where the learners are at in their learning and where they need to go and how best to get there. The characteristics that Sieborger identifies to be contained in assessment are made up of: tasks, exercises, tests and exams, which are set and assessed by educators.
Formative assessment (also known as Assessment for Learning or AfL) is perhaps the most used form of assessment as it includes numerous methods that teachers can use in the classroom every day. Activities within the classroom could include; monitoring class work, homework, designated assessment tasks and may include non-formal tests (Kyriacou, 2007, Page 111-114). Therefore, it can be said that AfL can include written (including tests) and non-written (such as questioning) sources of data collection. (Cohen et al., 2010, Pages 407 and 425).
Assessments allow for teachers to monitor the progress and growth of his/her students, help engage students and help guide teachers as well as students in their decision making. Teachers should know that tests are not the only way to assess students in the classroom. It is important for educators constantly assess their students on comprehension and progression.Teachers can take use of both formal and informal assessments so that they can engage students in their own learning, as well as monitor their comprehension and progress.
When one thinks of the term assessment, they will most likely think of a test. This is what we know as summative assessment. Summative assessment can be defined as evaluation of student learning at the end of a unit (Formative vs. Summative).
Assessments are according to Edglossary.org (2014), “the wide variety of methods that educators use to evaluate, measure, and document the academic readiness, learning process, and skill acquisition of students”. Assessments can be used to identify several important aspects of learning and development. First, they can be used to distinguish a child’s strengths and weaknesses as well as measure specific knowledge and skills. Assessments can also be used to demonstrate what a child has learned and what they understand (“Assessment,” 2014). My opinion of assessment has not changed; however, now I understand how to use assessments that will help ensure that I am providing the most benefits for my students.
Although somewhat vague compared to summative assessment, several key features help frame formative assessment. First, formative assessment happens while learning is taking place as opposed to at the end of content delivery. Rather, this is considered “assessment for learning,” (Chappuis, J., Stiggins, Chappuis, S., & Arter, 2012, pg. 5). The format is formal or informal, but the outcome in its use is an in-progress check of what students know and what students do not know. Chappuis, Stiggins, Chappuis, and Arter (2012) define formative assessment as, “Formal and informal processes teachers and students use to gather evidence for the purpose of improving learning,” (pg. 24). Second, this type of assessment is used to make instructional strategy adjustments. If student learning did not happen via one instructional method, the teacher must make the necessary accommodations to reteach the concept or skill. Next, it is not only used by teachers for feedback on instruction, but formative assessment is also used for providing timely, descriptive feedback to students and extends to allow for student self-assessment (Chappuis, J., Stiggins, Chappuis, S., & Arter, 2012; Popham, 2008). Formative assessment provides opportunity to provide specific feedback to students on where they are currently in their learning, and where they should be headed.
Assessment derived from the Latin assessare which mean to impose a tax or set a rate (Athanasou, 1997). According to Athanasou, Assessment is “the process of collecting and combining information from test (e.g., on performance, learning, quality) with view to making a judgement about a person or making a comparison against an established criterion. Further, Satterly defined assessment as “an omnibus term which includes all the processes and products which describe the nature and extent of children’s learning, its degree of correspondence with the aims and objectives of teaching and its relationship with the environments which are designed to facilitate learning” (1989 p.3, cited in Carrol, 2005). Moreover, Rowntree (1977) said “assessment in education can be thought as occurring whenever one person, in some kind of interaction, direct or indirect with another, is conscious of obtaining and interpreting information about the knowledge and understanding of abilities and attitudes of that other person” (p. 4, cited in Carrol, 2005).
When testing a child, make sure that the testing method used is appropriate for that child. For example, if giving a test that relies on visual aids to administer the test, it is important that the teacher is certain that all the children have good enough vision to clearly see the aids. When assessing young children in particular, it is important to look for more than simply right or wrong. An in-depth look is necessary to see what the children really know before giving them a poor grade. Children’s work needs to be critiqued in more than one way to be sure that they really do or don‘t understand.... ...
Through assessment students and teachers are able to determine the level of mastery a student has achieved with standards taught. Both formative and summative assessment should be purposeful and targeted to gain the most accurate data to drive further instruction (Ainsworth, 2010). While this syllabus does a good job of identifying the need for both formal and informal assessments, the way in which this is communicated does not provide enough detail for understanding. Simply listing assessment types does not give any insight into how these assessments fit in the learning process of this course. While some of the assessments mentioned could be common assessments chosen by the school or district to gain insight into the effectiveness of instruction, the inclusion of authentic assessments is most beneficial to students and demonstrates learning in a context closer to that of a work environment (Rovai, 2004). Unfortunately, this particular course, according to this syllabus, relies heavily on quizzes and traditional tests and essays to form the bulk of assessment opportunities. While other activities, such as formative assessments, journaling and discussions are mentioned as possible avenues for scoring, they are given a very low percentage of the overall grade. This shows that they are not valued for their ability to show progression and mastery. If this is indeed the case, this puts the students as a
As teachers, we have to monitor the progress our students make each day, week, quarter and year. Classroom assessments are one of the most crucial educational tools for teachers. When assessments are properly developed and interpreted, they can help teachers better understand their students learning progress and needs, by providing the resources to collect evidence that indicates what information their students know and what skills they can perform. Assessments help teachers to not only identify and monitor learners’ strengths, weaknesses, learning and progress but also help them to better plan and conduct instruction. For these reasons, ongoing classroom assessment is the glue that binds teaching and learning together and allows educators to monitor their efficacy and student learning.
Every lesson, I prepare the formative assessments for in class practice or as homework. And I try and structure my the assessments in a way that really force the kids to understand the importance of the feedback I give them, in terms of preparing them for these summative assessments. After an assignment is complete, students receive a +, =, or - as well as comments to help them improve. In addition, when they finish a unit, I can give them overall feedback, so they can use these to figure out where they would be in terms of meeting the standards, which are in the rubric. This feedback strategy enhances student achievement by highlighting progress.