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Gender roles in religion
Religious identity development theory cultural differences
Gender roles in religion
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According to the writer antagonist is a virulent disease in the church (Hug. 23). A body cannot regard attack on a single part as an inconsequential threat requiring no response by other parts. This case study is conflict over a woman as a pastor or in authority. Congregations face these type of issues, which is belief issues (Everist. 17).
Level one: Problem solves the traditionally, fundamentalism has often held that women are not permitted to teach, men or to hold office of authority over men in the church. However, the church that has held these beliefs is now conforming to allowing women to pastor and hold office. The problem is the committee consists of all men with the chairperson being 90 years of age. They are the founding member and are very rigid and authoritative in their belief concerning women in authority. The 90 years of age
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show signs of at least two of the personality characteristics. A congregation may face the controversial issue of what kind of music is acceptable.
One must ask themselves, what is the nature of the church? What do they believe about God? A congregation may face conflict over the issue of evangelical issues to the issue of women as pastor. According to the writer, Norma Cook Everist; in his book” Church Conflict from Contention to Collaboration. These issues are distinguished as “intergroup conflict”, conflicts within one, and “intergroup conflict, “between and among groups (Everist. 17). the decision has created strife and anger between the committee and layperson(s). The atmosphere in the church has become unpleasant and uncomfortable in the presence of one another. The younger congregation has been waiting for an opportunity to express their concerns and convictions. The straightforwardness of the younger parishioner causes the committee to feel threatened, that the church will divide. The meeting has caused division and hurt feeling on both sides. The participant must be able to listen and think logically before the conflict become worst, dividing the congregation into “two
camps”. Level two: Disagreements: The congregation brings forth their argument of the committee holding all the power and control in the church. The layperson(s) use language such as, “you always”, “some people”, or “certain family” and some time being sarcastic in their expression of the situation. However, the committee feels it has a duty and that is to the protecting of the name of the church and the standards it has held for centuries. The committee use scripture to convince the congregation of why a woman was not allowed to pastor or hold office; such as the scripture that the woman was easily deceived than a man, but there was a lack of supporting evidence of such (1 Timothy 2: 2-8). At this point, it is to convince both parties to come to a share point of view. Therefore, the compromising approach was to allow the woman to be called missionary. Compromising mean going half way in order to end a conflict and reach an agreement (Everist. 135). Whereas compromise offers a way for all to have an equal role in a solution to the conflict, some people may be “more equal than other (Everist. 135). Level three: Contest: The opposite side disagrees with the compromising of calling the women missionary. This would mean that they still would have to remain as they are without license to stand in the pulpit or to hold office. The title has just changed, but the position is still the same. Level four: Fight/flight: The congregation now believes that things will stay the same. People become “cold and self-righteous”. The unresolved problem has now become “two camps “and family who once support the church are now leaving to go to a lesser dogmas church. Level five: Intractable: I believe at this level because the conflict was not handle properly at level one and two, everything has ran “amok”. In order to get even with the person(s) “That is call the “enemy”, over half the congregation will now go elsewhere. The purpose of this level is to destroy the opponents. Many churches today have been destroyed because of the lack of proper skills, or pride and selfishness in resolving conflicts in organizational churches. The attack in this lesson is the chairperson and his committee who seem to want to be the “big fish” in a little bowl. The committee fills their own needs for being in power, leaving the congregation to be frustrated by feelings of powerlessness from the committee or the ruling powers. The writer states”, the great sensitivity with which people regard their faith can be a blessing; they are guarding their treasure. However, oversensitive safeguards can also be a curse, because both butterflies and thieves stand an equal chance of setting off the alarm (Haugk. 40). What are the biblical guidelines for addressing an antagonist? Due to the serious nature of this evil, one must follow the biblical guidelines to properly address an antagonist before he/she is allowed to cripple the mission of the church. The Bible speaks if your brother sins against you go and tell him his fault, between you and him alone. If he listens to you, you have gained your brother. However, if he does not listen, take one or two others along with you, that the evidence of two or three witnesses (Haugk. 48) may confirm every word. But Haugk reminds the reader that a disciple is known for their love for others, thus antagonists by nature are not acting as true follower and should be treated as such (John 13:35). The difficulty in dealing with an antagonist. The antagonists are all too adept at turning the table, they are great manipulator, and there are many instances where an antagonist as an occasion to assail the one beginning the process (Haugk. 48) used formal first-stage Matthew 18 admonition. In this case, study I feel to compromise would bring a peaceable solution to the issue, but it does not mean everyone is happy with the results. At the heart of the compromise is “to make promises with”. In this light, it can be a collaborative response conflict. We need people with the skill to sever as counselors and mediators to help estranged parties come to a peaceable settlement in which neither has totally lost (Everist. 136). The question you need to ask in this case study is; (1) is his or her behavior disruptive? (2) Is the attack irrational? (3) Does the person go out of the way to initiate trouble? (4) Does the person’s motive appear selfish? (Haugk. 60) The personality characteristics in this case study are aggression, rigidity, and authoritarianism and narcissism personalities (Haugk. 60-61) When one comes to you with a list of “other” about how they feel about the committee and they are nameless in order to get your opinion against the opposing group, this is a “red flag”. Those who also lavish praise on you will also be your greatest criticize later; these are all your “red flag warning. Be aware! (Haugk. 72). The warning signs in this case study are when the antagonist wants to gather support and create conflict, discord, and doubt. The committee members may invite you over for dinner or ask you to work with them on a project. They will begin to ask a whole lot of picky and petty question, hoping to win you on their side (Haugk. 81-82).
While believing that woman can lead, recognize the diversity of opinion and do not make acceptance of women in leadership a test of fellowship or an absolute
Explain how the conflict arises and go on to discuss in detail how the writer uses it to explore an important theme.
Machen argues the church should be open for individuals so that they can hear the Gospel and not establish a closed door policy to church service. However, Machen is critical and sensitive of the individuals who serve in the church. The church leaders should be ordained and must maintain the integrity of the church. Machen strongly encourages the church to carefully screen candidates for ordination to critically examine beliefs. As Machen discusses if one disagrees with the integrity of the church, the church should not accommodate the disagreement to keep the purity of the church.
For example, a protestant minister who was angry with the character Candide’s religious indifference refused to give him food after preaching charity right before. The protestant minister is hypocritical because he tells Candide everyone is welcome to his food, but when Candide does not reject the pope and confirm the protestant teachings he is no longer offered bread. “‘My friend,’ said the orator to him, ‘do you believe the Pope to be Anti-Christ?’ ‘I have not heard it,’ responded Candide; ‘but whether he be, or whether he be not, I want bread.’ ‘Thou dost not deserve to eat,’ said the other.” Candide repeatedly highlights the hypocrisy of the church in this manner. The way the protestant minister would refuse charity to someone who disagrees with him flies in the face of the Church's supposedly charitable mission. The book claims churches that preach love and charity, instead kill over slight differences in
Throughout its history, the United States has characteristically remained a country of two things: a country of immigrants, and a country of unmatched religious diversity. And yet when compared with the rest of the world – where these two very factors alone have so often engendered horrible religious wars and decades of enduring conflict – the history of religious conflict in the United States seems almost nonexistent.
“The call is something that is an indescribable joy and an indefinable burden at the same time.” (Bryant and Brunson 2007, 32). There is nothing more rewarding than seeing a congregation of the redeemed moving forward in their faith. However exciting this may be, it is usually not the thrill that propels the pastor in his service. It is the burden placed on the pastor by God that compels him in his work. The pastor understands that he is largely responsible for the work of God being accomplished by his faithfulness to his calling. “All through the Word of God and down through the annals of history, when God has moved it has almost always been attended by the preaching of the Word.” (Bryant and Brunson 2007, 31)
Religion is powerful in that it controls followers’ behaviours and beliefs throughout their entire lives; it is a form of social control. Catholicism is one of the most widely known religions influencing more than 2 billion people around the world (Ross). Within Catholicism not everyone are seen as equals; men have greater privilege than women. The bible and church are from a male’s point of view (Christ 86) and passages within the bible are used to enforce a sexual hierarchy. In fact, the oppression of women begins with the first story in Genesis about creation, which portrays females as being inferior to men and even of an evil nature. This one passage is the main source of justification of oppression of woman in the church (Daly 13). The church and its teachings instil low self-esteem and low self-worth in women; it creates false identities that are supposed to be God’s plan (Daly 3). One has to wonder why women participate in the church and follow its teachings, and how women can overcome the oppression in the church.
One of the conflicts that were revealed from the beginning of the story was the conflict of one character versus another the conflict was between the woman and her husband, John. This conflict is a type of external conflict – a state...
Church History in Plain Language is written by Bruce L. Shelley. This work focuses on the history of Christianity from 6 B.C. to the current period. It covers some of Christianity’s greatest events, theologians, and the various subsection of Christianity. Other than the events leading up to the death of Jesus, I had very little knowledge of Christianity’s history. After reading through the book, I have gained understanding on the Christian Councils, scholasticism, Christendom, and modern trends of Christianity.
The first of two questions we considered was "How does my being male or female affect my spirituality?" I thought for a while and could not think of a single way in which it did. I often ponder how my being male affects my relationships with my biological father, the opposite sex, and society. But, before this meeting, I had never pondered how being male affected my spirituality. Most of the men in the room seemed to be in a similar state of confusion at the question. The women, however, had a more varied response. Some felt the same way I did - they had never really thought about it. A couple mentioned how being able to give birth to another human brought them closer to God, the creator of life. Several more mentioned sexism in the church and how it interfered with their spirituality. This got the discussion rolling, although in a slightly different direction from what the discussion leader had planned. We talked about how sexism in the church had affected our lives. The church often seems to push men and women into specific roles. Women are not always taken seriously, and their spiritual gifts and needs are sometimes ignored. These shortcomings, caused by members of the church as well as tradition, are harmful to members of both genders because they can distort people's views of the world, the Bible, and God.
“Today I appeal to the whole Church community to be willing to foster feminine participation in every way in its internal life. This is certainly not a new commitment, since it is inspired by the example of Christ himself….nevertheless, he also involved women in the cause of his kingdom; indeed he wanted them to be the first witnesses and heralds of his resurrection. In fact, there are many women who have distinguished themselves in the Church’s history by their holiness and hardworking ingenuity.”
The role of the church is to encourage, uplift, and keep the parents accountable for their family’s spirituality. The role of the parents is or should be the foundation for the child’s spirituality, the parents should be leading and teaching their children about the kingdom of God. The role of the pastor is similar to the role of the church, they should be a cheerleader for the family’s spiritual growth. The pastor should be hands on in counseling the family’s needs so that the family continues to growing on their spiritual track. In the last 20-30 years the church has been the foundation for spirituality and the parents have been taking their children to church and leaving it up to the church for their spiritual
The Catholic Church’s corruption during the late Middle Ages further enabled church reforms due to the ever-increasing view of the loss of credibility within the church by both the laity and clergy. Thus implementing the ideas of reform. Martin Luther is considered the father of the reformation where he instigated the challenging for the church, papal authority, and changed how the people were allowed to worship. Carlstadt and Zwingli, much like Luther, practiced Evangelical traditions, however, they expanded further than Luther in regards to doctrine and practice. John Calvin on the other hand challenged some of the Evangelical and Reformed Traditions by various religious changes politically and socially. Lindberg examines the Evangelical
Christianity most specifically, the Holy Roman Catholic Church has been involved in the world throughout time. Since Christianity, when if first became a major religion in society the involvement of the Roman Catholic Church has affected many areas of history. The Roman Catholic Church has affected the world historically, as demonstrated by it's impact upon the historical figures like Hypatia, Joan of Arc, and Jan Hus, historical events such as the Salem Witch Trials, and many other eras and events. The Roman Catholic Church slowed down scientific advancement during the Middle Ages when they had the greatest control over society, due to their personal beliefs. Finally, the Roman Catholic Church for a time changed the world ethically for women and homosexuals, although this is not inclusive. Without the extreme control the Roman Catholic Church had, the world would be a completely different place to live in. To prove this, topics such as the effect the Roman Catholic Church has had throughout history, how science has been affected by the Roman Catholic Church, and how the Roman Catholic Church has affected society ethically to a small and temporary degree.
What is the church? This can be a very deep question, or a rather simple one depending on one’s context, theology, and general understanding of Scripture and faith. From my personal experience, most members of the congregations I grew up in if asked this question would point to the church building or sanctuary. This is not that surprising in my opinion when we consider the gorgeous monuments we have built as houses for God. As a child, I would have answered the exact same way as most people in a congregation, and it was not until later in my adulthood that I came to understand “the church” not as a physical building, but as much more. A very common response to this question has been that the church is “the people of God” or even “God’s chosen people.” I, however, prefer the definition of the church as “the community of Christian faith,” a much more inclusive definition than the previous mentioned definitions.