Stroke Case Study Studies Case Studies

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Evaluation of the case:

What is stroke?
The formation of a clot in the arteries leading to or within the brain causing an interruption to the flow of blood to a specific area of the brain. (National Stroke Association, 2014)
Symptoms of a stroke:
 Weakness or a complete loss of sensation to a body part
 Dizziness, loss of balance & coordination and difficulty sitting, standing and walking.
(National Stroke Association, 2014)

Age & gender risk factors - 55-year-old woman
The risk of having a stroke greatly increases with age.
Men are typically more at risk of having a stroke than women (The Heart and Stroke Foundation of South Africa, 2007)

Hypertension
Chronic hypertension leads to atherosclerosis (plaque build-up) which causes the walls of the arteries to harden and in turn can lead to blockage/clots.
Hypertension can also thin the walls of arteries/blood vessels weakening them. This may cause them to burst. (Beckman, WebMD 2013)

Medication for hypertension
Diuretics – S/E: Weakness, confusion, fatigue, light-headedness and muscle cramps.
Beta Blockers – S/E: Dizziness, low exercise tolerance, postural hypotension and weakness. (Issue of Harvard Women's Health Watch, 2009)

R CVA – L Hemi
 Injury to the RIGHT side of the brain: o Controls the learning process, non-verbal communication and behaviour.
 Damage can result in: o Excessive talking, memory problems and short attention spans.
 Problems: o Spatial-perceptual deficits o Quick & impulsive
 Considerations: o Don’t overestimate the pt’s abilities o Use verbal cues (demonstration may be difficult to understand) o Minimize clutter & use visual reference points o Avoid rapid movements
Facilitation is important!
(National Stroke Association, 2014)

Falling to the ...

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...n the ward or at home. Functional activities may trigger a memory of how the pt’s were once able to perform the activities. (Stroke association)
 Make sure that you progress the exercises once the pt is able to perform the activities you have decided on. Make the activities more difficult by introducing more components or asking more of them during the treatment session (adding weights, making the pt stretch further, etc)
 Incuse short-term and long-term goals relating to the main problem. Make sure that these goals are realistic and time frames are reachable. Note that some goals may take some time to reach and if the pt is discharges ask her to come back as an out patient or to be referred to a clinic to continue treatment.

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