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Annotated bibliography on gender role stereotypes
Annotated bibliography on gender role stereotypes
Annotated bibliography on gender role stereotypes
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There are many false myths in the fitness world regarding females and strength training. As a result of social stigma and a lack of accurate information, females have steered clear of strength training for far too long.
Traditionally, males are viewed as masculine, while females as being feminine. During childhood we learn social roles, which dictate female and male behaviour. Strength is regarded as being masculine, and as a result females have not participated in, nor have they been accepted when strength training is concerned for many years (Ebben & Jensen, 1998).
In current society, strength training is gaining popularity with females. This is due to a common myth being exposed, this myth being that females partaking in strength training will get bulky muscles.
There was a misconception that females performing strength training would look like body builder, building too much muscle resulting in them looking manly. However, this is not true.
Research suggests that when males and females partake in strength training the results are similar over a short period of time, usually, 8-12 weeks (Powers & Doss, 1996, cited in Smith, 2001). However, long term, males
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Weight training is essential as it stimulates bone renewal, prevents fractures, reduces injuries to the joints, makes tendons, cartilage and ligaments stronger (“Strength Training Myths Block Benefits for Women”, 1998). Additionally strength training results in females having a greater sense of personal power, increasing performance and reduces body fat and increases lean weight (“Strength Training Myths Block Benefits for Women”, 1998). When partaking in strength training it is important to acquire proper instruction; this reduces the risk of injury. Programs should slowly increase the work load and intensity (“Strength Training Myths Block Benefits for Women”,
There has always been this conception that boys are stronger than girls, boys are better at sports, and boys are overall better at achieving certain physical tasks. Can these statements in fact be true? From the very start of a young girl’s life, they are taught to behave differently from men, and to not compare their abilities to those of a man. In her essay, “Throwing Like a Girl”, Iris Marion Young argues that women are trained into fragility and self-consciousness because they are objectified. “The fact that the woman lives her body as object as well as subject. The source of this is that patriarchal society defines woman as object, as a mere body, and that in sexist society women are in fact frequently regarded by others as objects and
Taking a measure of strength as a function of some other criteria would be defined as relative strength. Typically, males are stronger than females, they have 50% more upper body and 30% more lower body strength. However, relative testing’s show no difference between genders (Kenney et al., 2012).
The movie, "Pumping Iron II" is an example of women doing bodybuilding which is considered a non-traditional sport. Images of muscular women are viewed by some people as threatening and imitating. The benefit of this non-traditional sport is that it forces us to question our thoughts about women and what they are. We must ask, what is a woman? Bodybuildi...
There are different types of muscle because each sport has various needs. “Power endurance is typically characterized by intense, repeated efforts for a relatively short period of time (less than 30 seconds)”(1). Sports such as sprinters, wrestlers, fencers and tennis players need to produce powerful movements and repeat them with several times with little to no rest. This training involves lifting about 15-30 reputations of moderate loads, about 50%-70% 1RM per lift.
When completing an exercise a person is expecting results that day, during or post workout. Training is a long-term process that creates noticeable and physical results over a span of weeks, even months and years. Training involves planning with preparation for the training duration and progress towards a goal. The desire to win and be better than the competition is essentially important for professional and collegiate athletes. These athletes take training and preparation for a competition to a new level of determination and commitment. For the last two years, I have been working with the University of Oklahoma’s softball team as their student athletic trainer. I attend every practice, workout, and all of their games. As the student athletic trainer, I help with assessing their injuries, with treatment and rehabilitation of their injuries as well as injury prevention. I have watched these women go through some strenuous workouts and have seen their improvements. Some of the girls have asked about taking CrossFit classes or other workout programs during winter and summer breaks. Our strength coach advised against taking the CrossFit classes that he has not specifically approved. He
She told me her name was Sarah Del Cid and that this was her 2nd year working out and tries to “hit” the gym 5-6 times a week. Curiously, I asked her age she answered 43, impressed with her physique I wondered what she did for a living she said “a nanny and a mother of two, a 18 year-old and a 14 year-old”. Sarah was taken back with the interest I showed her; as a result struck a brief conversation with me about why she liked to work out and said “I like to look nice and for my health... just to be healthy”. She continued stating “my fitness routine focuses more on my health, but I competed in professional figure modeling competitions that were very strict” Consequently; I asked her what she thought about women working out with weights since traditionally it has been marked as a masculine endeavor. Sarah laughed asserting “that’s naïve… everyone thinks you become less feminine and grow large muscles like men... that is not the case…muscles are beautiful on women
Physiologically there are many benefits to consistent weight training. This includes muscle size, tone, and overall strength. Not only this but lifting weights has also been shown to improve psychological health as well. This is done by increasing self-esteem, conf...
Evidence of lifting weights can be traced back to the origins of man. As far back as cave painting and scrolls, there exists evidence of weightlifting. Initially as an expression of strength, to competition and functional training, weightlifting has carved its path through the ages. It has taken on a new role in the modern world; athletic training. With an entirely new emphasis in sports on speed, strength, and flexibility; weightlifting is more popular than ever. Unfortunately, young athletes often do more harm than good by injuring themselves lifting. When these uneducated lifters try to jump right into a program, lifting more than they should, an injury is imminent. What is overlooked, is that when weightlifting is done correctly, it has a great potential to prevent injuries instead of cause them. Understanding how the body works, using proper technique on the appropriate lifts, and participating in regular physical activity can greatly reduce the risk of athletic injuries.
Strength training, one of the most important parts of exercise, is usually overlooked. People don’t understand that something as simple as jumping jacks is considered strength training. Most of the populations everywhere don’t understand the health benefits of it either. Some may try for a few days or weeks and expect drastic changes, but change doesn’t just happen so quickly. You can’t go to a cow and expect a cheeseburger. Change doesn’t occur that fast. Most people look to strength training for losing weight or even to gain muscle mass. These are the reasons why I starting strength training, but I later found out about all the other health benefits that came along with it.
Females can be strong but they have to work at it much harder than males because males are just naturally stronger. This is because, “Men are 50 percent stronger than women in brute strength” (drjamesdobson.org). Men are stronger than women because the sex hormone testosterone, is found in high levels in men which gives them a head start in building muscle, “The sex hormone has anabolic effects, meaning it promotes muscle development. Secreted by the pituitary gland, testosterone binds to skeletal fiber cells and stimulates the growth of proteins, the building blocks of meaty muscles” [source: Roundy](science.how...
American society has entered into an era in which strength training has become the standard and most popular method of keeping the musculature of the body in aesthetic shape. Fitness centers and personal home gyms have emerged as important catalysts for people, providing everyone with equal opportunity and incentive to exercise and strength train in safe and instructional settings. This fitness boom along with the growing concerns and questions regarding the safety of prepubescent exercise has spurred several gatherings of pediatricians, fitness center owners, exercise physiologists and other related exercise scientists. Together, these groups are involved in active research studies, discussion of the methods, safety issues and effects of strength-training on prepubescent chil...
“The Politics of Muscle” by Gloria Steinem is an essay arguing the difference in strength between men and women. Steinem starts her essay by stating how she grew up in a generation where women didn’t participate in a lot, if any, sport activities. She goes on to say that she believes this is the reason why women of her generation believe that it’s not what the female body does, but how it looks. Steinem feels that women always seemed to be owned in some degree as the means of reproduction. She believes that women are made to feel ashamed of their strength and that “only when women rebel against patriarchal standards does female muscle become more accepted.” (pg 372)
Film Commentary Report Alina Masten NURS 416 Dr. Claudeth Jeffrey February 23, 2024. Rationale for selection of film For this assignment, I selected "Lead Me Home," a documentary available on Netflix that sheds light on the crisis of homelessness, particularly on the West Coast. I chose this film because I believe homelessness is a topic that has not been extensively covered in my previous class assignments, and it holds significance to me. Homelessness is a pressing issue affecting millions of Americans, and my personal experience as a toddler experiencing homelessness has heightened my awareness and empathy towards this population. I recognize that homelessness is not solely a result of individual choices, but rather a complex connection of systemic inequalities,
Bodybuilding is a practice where through dieting and strengthening individuals enlarge the muscles of their body. Consequently, there are many health risks associated with bodybuilding. It takes a very big toll on a person’s health, not just physically, but mentally as well. For many years the sport of bodybuilding has been male dominated but in the last few decades, female bodybuilding has been making an appearance within the industry. Many believe that female bodybuilding is an act of feminism because it represents the transgression of the social constructs of gender roles such as what it means to be a woman and how a woman should look. For female bodybuilders, it allows them to take charge of their mental well-being and feel empowered.
Although women have been accepted within the participation in sports and physical activity, there is still constant controversy surrounding the topic of whether or not female sports can be “considered a ‘real’ sport” (Hall, M. Ann, 2007, pg. 56) or if the female participants can be “viewed as ‘real’ women” (Hall, M. Ann, 2007, pg. 56). This is due to the fact that sports and physical activity has invariably been viewed as strictly for males, to aid in validating their masculinity. It is constantly vocalized that sports considered to be ‘feminine’ ones such as