In general when we talk about what the rules are and if the character understands them, we need to ask ourselves, "what rules are we playing by?" We are playing by Jim Crow laws that were passed after the civil rights movement. These are the rules we are all suppose to abide by, or we are playing by the rules of life where white people still wanted to be segregated. By this I mean those rules and values that white people were supposed to follow as a way of life such as, the black man working hard, getting by with little sleep and with little money. Also working more than one job just to keep themselves in poverty. Even though times are changing these rules were still expected to prosper. However, we can see that Jim Crow laws are easier to change than people. We see black folks still sitting in the back of the bus and going into colored bathrooms and we see white folks still trying to keep the black folks separate from them. There are also morals and values that we all are expected to live by. These morals and values may force us into situations that we normally wouldn't have to deal with. Robert, a character in "Steady Going Up," by Maya Angelou, has a life changing experience due to these laws/rules that conflict with his family morals and values, and hard working attitude. "In Steady Going Up," a black man named Robert is playing with both the said and unsaid rules, rules of white people who don't want to change and black people who do things out of pure habit because they want the respect they deserve. The black men and women feel that if they play by the white mans laws to keep segregated, they will get some respect from the white men and women. In most cases this will not happen. Some of the Jim Crow laws that we are suppose to be playing by in this story are the integration laws and equal rights laws. Robert knew what these rules were but he really didn't want to live by them, just like all the black folks back then. On the other hand the black woman on the bus, who knew these Jim Crow laws as well, but the unsaid white laws were stronger. She was afraid to break these unsaid laws and cross that line, where Robert was not.
However, with two subsequent editions of the book, one in August 1965 and another in October 1973—each adding new chapters as the Civil Rights movement progressed—one wonders if Dr. King’s assessment still holds up, if indeed The Strange Career of Jim Crow is still the historical bible of the civil rights movement. In addition, one questions the objectivity of the book considering that it gained endorsements from figures who were promoting a cause and because Woodward had also promoted that same cause. The original edition of The Strange Career of Jim Crow had as its thesis that segregation and Jim Crow Laws were a relative late comer in race relations in the South only dating to the late 1880s and early 1890s. Also part of that thesis is that race relations in the South were not static, that a great deal of change has occurred in the dynamics of race relations. Woodward presents a clear argument that segregation in the South did not really start forming until the 1890s.
Assumptions from the beginning, presumed the Jim Crow laws went hand in hand with slavery. Slavery, though, contained an intimacy between the races that the Jim Crow South did not possess. Woodward used another historian’s quote to illustrate the familiarity of blacks and whites in the South during slavery, “In every city in Dixie,’ writes Wade, ‘blacks and whites lived side by side, sharing the same premises if not equal facilities and living constantly in each other’s presence.” (14) Slavery brought about horrible consequences for blacks, but also showed a white tolerance towards blacks. Woodward explained the effect created from the proximity between white owners and slaves was, “an overlapping of freedom and bondage that menaced the institution of slavery and promoted a familiarity and association between black and white that challenged caste taboos.” (15) The lifestyle between slaves and white owners were familiar, because of the permissiveness of their relationship. His quote displayed how interlocked blacks...
Does the name Jim Crow ring a bell? Neither singer nor actor, but actually the name for the Separate but Equal (Jim Crow) Laws of the 1900s. Separate but Equal Laws stated that businesses and public places had to have separate, but equal, facilities for minorities and Caucasian people. Unfortunately, they usually had different levels of maintenance or quality. Lasting hatred from the civil war, and anger towards minorities because they took jobs in the north probably set the foundation for these laws, but it has become difficult to prove. In this essay, I will explain how the Separate but Equal Laws of twentieth century America crippled minorities of that time period forever.
During the course of life, one must experience different changes or actions that will mold us into the person we will become. It could be as little as receiving the 1st "F" on a test or the passing away of a loved one and they all add up to some kind of importance. Hamlet, written by William Shakespeare has Hamlet, the protagonist, struggling through life to find his true self and strives to get hold of his spot in life. However, he is always inhibited to seek vengeance for his father's unlawful death.
Beginning in the 1890’s Jim Crow laws or also known as the color-line was put into effect in the Southern states. These laws restricted the rights of blacks and segregation from the white population. These laws were put into effect as partially a result of the reaction of the whites to blacks not submitting to segregation of railroads, streetcars, and other public facilities. African Americans Ids B. Wells, Booker T. Washington, and W.E.B Dubois had differing opinions on the color-line. Wells and Dubois felt the color-line created prejudice toward blacks and that the black population could not become equal with the whites under such conditions. On the other hand, Booker T. Washington thought the laws were a good compromise between the parties at the time.
The event followed a case where Rosa Park was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white man in a bus. The transport company services had a policy of segregation where black people were to stand for their white colleagues. If the former failed to do so, then they were immediately arrested. It showed that whites were so superior to blacks that they were to have total comfort even if it meant having it at the latter’s expense. The policy was a clear showing of white superiority. However, Mrs. Park’s defiance and the subsequent boycott was a reminder to the masses that skin color does not represent evolution. The bus company soon realized this, and it scrapped the segregation policy (Booke). It was the beginning of the realization that skin color did not represent superiority. In the end, this discernment dawned on the whole nation, and Jim Crow’s laws were repealed across the
Tired as she is, Mrs. Parks walks past the first few — mostly empty — rows of seats marked "Whites Only." It's against the law for an African American like her to sit in these seats. She finally settles for a spot in the middle of the bus. Black people are allowed to sit in this section as long as no white person is standing. Though Rosa Parks hates the segregation laws, and has been fighting for civil rights at the NAACP for more than 10 years, until today she has never been one to break rules.
Claudette Colvin attended Booker T. Washington High School, where she was very studious. Claudette's family did not have enough money to afford a car, so she relied on the city's gold-and-green buses. On March 2, 1955 when Colvin was about 15 years of age, she was arrested for violation the local law. She refused to give up her seat to a group of white men that boarded the bus shortly after. She was on a bus called the Capital Heights, which was the same bus and the same year that Rosa Parks committed the same "crime" as Claudette only 9 months later. On this day, four white men got on the bus, and Claudette was sitting somewhere near the emergency exit. She was looking out the window when the white men stopped at her seat and said nothing. The bus driver ordered her to give up her seat to one of the men, and she ignored the order. She has given her seat up to white people before, but this is the day she was fed up with it. Claudette heard what the bus driver was saying, but she decided that day she was not giving up her seat to a white man just becau...
In the early twentieth century, the United States was undergoing a dramatic social change. Slavery had been abolished decades before, but the southern states were still attempting to restrict social interaction among people of different races. In particular, blacks were subject to special Jim Crow laws which restricted their rights and attempted to keep the race inferior to whites. Even beyond these laws, however, blacks were feeling the pressure of prejudice. In the legal system, blacks were not judged by a group of their peers; rather, they were judged by a group of twelve white men. In serious court cases involving capital offenses, the outcome always proved to be a guilty verdict. In Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, the plot revolves around a Depression-era court case of a black man accused of raping a white woman. The defendant Tom Robinson is presumed guilty because of one thing alone: the color of his skin.
During the early 1900’s, the time period in which the story took place, racism was rampant throughout the entire nation. While African Americans technically were equal by law, they were anything but, in action. Laws such as “separate but equal” were used to justify blatant discrimination, laws that were coined as “Jim Crow Laws.” (Wikipedia, Jim Crow Laws) Jim Crow Laws were local and state laws that were used to “legally” discriminate and segregate African Americans. Perhaps the most well-known Jim Crow law of that time was “separate but equal,” a law that opened up the gates to decades of racial tension and discrimination.
Going through life we will meet people who make us change.Some changes are for the better of the individual, others not so much. These changes can be caused by money, a new groups of friends, or just trying to change for yourself. For example, in the novels Great Expectations and To Kill A Mockingbird, both Pip and Jem experience life changes that affect the perspective on our world. Pip and Jem are similar as they both look up to their dad and neither have a mother figure. Throughout the novels, both boys experience hard times but still manage to pull through.
Jim Crow was a white actor who had a popular television show mocking African Americans. This is how the “Jim Crow Law” came into existence. This law described primarily how the south in the 1877 to the 1950 use to describe the segregation system. It was a state law passed in the South that established different rules for blacks and whites. Every African American life in the south was effected during the Jim Crow laws. Black textile workers could not work in the same room as whites, nor enter through the same door. They were not allowed to even gaze out of the same window as the white employees. During the times of this law, industries employment were hard to come by for blacks. When they were hired, many of the unions passed rules to exclude them. Some black workers acted as “clowns” for white men. This was done to order to gain favors with the whites, make extra money to move north. But Wright was determined to make a better name for himself after seeing his family belittle themselves. He knew this type of foolishness would never allow him to save enough money to be able to leave. The only thing that gave Wright comfort and peace, came in reading books. He begins a serious effort in self-education in Memphis, and reads enough that he feels he has gained some knowledge of the world beyond the American
“Back then, we didn’t have any civil rights. It was just a matter of survival, of existing from one day to the next. I remember going to sleep as a girl hearing the Klan ride at night and hearing a lynching and being afraid the house would burn down.”(Rosa Parks Biography). She’s tired and her feet are absolutely aching, but the only feeling going through forty-two year old Rosa Park’s mind is anger. She has just been told by the bus driver to relocate to the back of the bus and join the rest of the colored people that had been moved; so a white man could occupy her seat. He tells her to move again. She doesn’t. What happens next on this first day in December is a middle-aged seamstress being tossed out of a bus and subsequently arrested. The beginning of the Montgomery bus boycotts is about to begin.
Although African Americans were finally able to gain back their freedom; they did not gain equality in the eyes of their former oppressors. Resentful of the newfound freedom of African Americans, laws known as Jim Crow laws were established throughout the United Stated by states and local governments. These discriminatory laws worked to systematically oppress African Americans through segregation and violence. They were segregated from whites; forbidden to attend the same schools, eat in the same restaurants or intermarry. African Americans were treated as second class citizens; lesser beings that had no rights. “Blacks could not vote, sue whites, testify against them, raise their voice to them or even look them in the eye or stay on the sidewalk if they passed.” (BL p.98) The era of Jim Crow was a dangerous time where even a glance was enough for an African American to be murdered. But there was only so much abuse that would be withstood. The winds of change were beginning to stir and African Americans and their supporters were beginning to demand their equality.
Although racism is not a s violent and unfair as it was in the 1930’s, it still exist today. In To Kill A Mockingbird black people were poorly treated compared to everyone else. Whether you’re Calpurnia, Tom Robinson, or Mr. Raymond, you had to deal with the painful racism and adjust your lifestyle to it. They were forced to live life a way they wouldn’t have to if people agreed to treat each other equally. Black people didn't have freedom in the South like they did the North. Today everyone is treated equally, supposed to at least, because people like Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King Jr. stood up for what they believed in. People in Maycomb didn't have to live that way if only they stood up for eachother. One voice makes a difference, but many voices makes a change. Racism is something we have to change.