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Stanford prison experiment research paper
Stanford prison experiment research paper
Major components of the Stanford prison experiment
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In 1971, psychologist Philip Zimbardo attempted to show the world that prison guards and criminals would transition into defining roles. They would behave in a way that they deemed necessary, even if it meant discarding their own judgment and morals. The Stanford Prison Experiment was conducted to show the results of individuality and dignity being stripped away from a human, and their life completely controlled. The study was funded by the US Office of Naval Research as both the US Navy and the US Marine Corps were interested in the causes of conflict between military guards and prisoners. If we take normal everyday people and placed them into a stressful negative environment, then do they stay true to their good nature or do they succumb …show more content…
The prison guards had their pros and cons because they would have complete control but would have the responsibility to keep the prisoners in check. The prisoners, however, only had cons because they would have no control of their daily routine and would be forced into obedience throughout the entire experiment. Zimbardo set up the experiment to mimic actual prison life, but with normal people, who were not trained prison guards or actual criminals thereby testing humanity’s capability to fit into their given social roles and to play that part well. The physiological principles studied in this experiment would be the physiological stress that would be placed on the test subjects during the experiment and the biological trauma they would have to endure during the experiment and after. If put into practical terms, this experiment can raise concern about actual prison life and if it is as terrible as portrayed in the experiment. Also, if people were put into a stressful environment we can test human nature and determine if that kind of environment will bring people together or cause them to turn on one …show more content…
For any person the information is transmitted from our sensory organs to the brain. Sensory perceptions are transmitted to a section of the brain called the thalamus and from there to two additional areas, the cortex and amygdala. The amygdale are the brains “alarm system,” which is activated by any threat, and is associated with fear and then transmits information to four systems: The amygdale transmits the warning to the hippocampus, which helps provide words for the personal, emotional experience and in creating the proper attitude towards it. From the hippocampus, the information is transmitted to the cortex where, particularly in the prefrontal cortex, the overall experience is evaluated, in light of the person’s previous life experience. At the end of the process, if the threat passes through a signal is sent from the cortex to the amygdale and the experiences is categorized as an experience from the past. From the amygdale, the information also reaches the brain stem, where an order is given to secrete the hormone neuroadrenaline, which reaches all of the body’s organs and instructs them to prepare for a dangerous situation. Neuroadrenaline accelerates the pulse in order to supply more energy and oxygen, to perspire so that it will be
A local newspaper ad reached out for volunteers to participate in a Psychological study, created by Philip G. Zimbardo and his research team, which sounded interesting for many individuals. Was it the best option to follow through with it? Volunteers were given a promise of being paid fifteen dollars a day of the study. Multiple members probably considered this a once in a life time event that could result in quick, easy money. Many may have heard about the Stanford Prison Experiment, but may not have been aware of the scars that it left upon the participants. Taking a deeper look into the study and the impacted outcomes on individuals will be elaborated on (Stanford Prison Experiment).
In this study Zimbardo chose 21 participants from a pool of 75, all male college students, screened prior for mental illness, and paid $15 per day. He then gave roles. One being a prisoner and the other being a prison guard, there were 3 guards per 8 hour shift, and 9 total prisoners. Shortly after the prisoners were arrested from their homes they were taken to the local police station, booked, processed, given proper prison attire and issued numbers for identification. Before the study, Zimbardo concocted a prison setting in the basement of a Stanford building. It was as authentic as possible to the barred doors and plain white walls. The guards were also given proper guard attire minus guns. Shortly after starting the experiment the guards and prisoners starting naturally assuming their roles, Zimbardo had intended on the experiment lasting a fortnight. Within 36 hours one prisoner had to be released due to erratic behavior. This may have stemmed from the sadistic nature the guards had adopted rather quickly, dehumanizing the prisoners through verbal, physical, and mental abuse. The prisoners also assumed their own roles rather efficiently as well. They started to rat on the other prisoners, told stories to each other about the guards, and placated the orders from the guards. After deindividuaiton occurred from the prisoners it was not long the experiment completely broke down ethically. Zimbardo, who watched through cameras in an observation type room (warden), had to put an end to the experiment long before then he intended
Phillip Zimbardo conducted the Stanford experiment where 24 physiologically and physically healthy males were randomly selected where half would be prisoners and the other half prisoner guards. To make the experiments as real as possible, they had the prisoner participants arrested at their homes. The experiment took place in the basement of the Stanford University into a temporary made prison.
The Stanford Prison Experiment commenced in 1973 in pursuit of Zimbardo needed to study how if a person are given a certain role, will they change their whole personality in order to fit into that specific role that they were given to. Zambrano significantly believed that personality change was due to either dispositional, things that affect personal life and make them act differently. Or situational, when surrounded by prisoners, they can have the authority to do whatever they want without having to worry about the consequences. Furthermore, it created a group of twenty-four male participants, provided them their own social role. Twelve of them being a prisoners and the other twelve prison guards, all of which were in an examination to see if they will be able to handle the stress that can be caused based upon the experiment, as well as being analysis if their personality change due to the environment or their personal problems.
In the Stanford Prison Experiment, a study done with the participation of a group of college students with similar backgrounds and good health standing who were subjected to a simulated prison environment. The participants were exposed completely to the harsh environment of a real prison in a controlled environment with specific roles of authority and subordinates assigned to each individual. The study was formulated based on reports from Russian novelist Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky. Dostoevsky had spent four years in a Siberian prison and his view on how a man is able to withstand anything after experiencing the horrors of prison prompted Dr. Philip Zimbardo a Professor of Psychology at Stanford and his
The Stanford Prison Experiment was conducted in 1971 by Philip Zimbardo of Stanford University. The purpose of the experiment was a landmark study of the human response to captivity, in particular, to the real world circumstances of prison life. In social psychology, this idea is known as “mundane realism”. Mundane realism refers to the ability to mirror the real world as much as possible, which is just what this study did. Twenty-four subjects were randomly assigned to play the role of "prisoner" or "guard" and they were made to conform to these roles.
The Stanford Prison Experiment was conducted in 1971 by Philip Zimbardo of Stanford University. The experiment was a landmark study of the human response to captivity, in particular, to the real world circumstances of prison life. In social psychology, this idea is known as “mundane realism”. Mundane realism refers to the ability to mirror the real world as much as possible, which is just what this study did. Twenty-four subjects were randomly assigned to play the role of "prisoner" or "guard" and they were made to conform to these roles.
When put into the position of complete authority over others people will show their true colors. I think that most people would like to think that they would be fair, ethical superiors. I know I would, but learning about the Stanford Prison Experiment has made me question what would really happen if I was there. Would I be the submissive prisoner, the sadistic guard, or would I stay true to myself? As Phillip Zimbardo gave the guards their whistles and billy clubs they drastically changed without even realizing it. In order to further understand the Stanford Prison experiment I learned how the experiment was conducted, thought about the ethical quality of this experiment, and why I think it panned out how it did.
Would you go into prison to get paid? Do you believe that you will come out the same or become different? Do not answer that. The Stanford Prison Experiment was an experiment that was conduct in 1971 by a team of researchers led by psychology professor Philip Zimbardo. Seventy applicants answered the ad and were narrowed down to 24 college students, which half were assigned either to be guards or prisoners by random selection. Those 24 college students were picked out from the of 70 applicants by taking personality tests and given diagnostic interviews to remove any candidates with psychological problems, medical disabilities, or a history of crime or drug abuse. The experiment lasted six days but it was supposed to last two weeks, it was so traumatizing that it was cut short. Zimbardo was the lead researcher and also had a role in pretend prison. Zimbardo’s experiment was based on looking
When put into an authoritative position over others, is it possible to claim that with this new power individual(s) would be fair and ethical or could it be said that ones true colors would show? A group of researchers, headed by Stanford University psychologist Philip G. Zimbardo, designed and executed an unusual experiment that used a mock prison setting, with college students role-playing either as prisoners or guards to test the power of the social situation to determine psychological effects and behavior (1971). The experiment simulated a real life scenario of William Golding’s novel, “Lord of the Flies” showing a decay and failure of traditional rules and morals; distracting exactly how people should behave toward one another. This research, known more commonly now as the Stanford prison experiment, has become a classic demonstration of situational power to influence individualistic perspectives, ethics, and behavior. Later it is discovered that the results presented from the research became so extreme, instantaneous and unanticipated were the transformations of character in many of the subjects that this study, planned originally to last two-weeks, had to be discontinued by the sixth day. The results of this experiment were far more cataclysmic and startling than anyone involved could have imagined. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast the discoveries from Philip Zimbardo’s Stanford prison experiment and of Burrhus Frederic “B.F.” Skinner’s study regarding the importance of environment.
Phillip Zimbardo’s theory helps illustrate how and why ordinary people are capable of acts of terror against other human beings. Zimbardo believes that people are seduced into evil by dehumanizing and labeling others. In 1971, Zimbardo conducted the Stanford Prison Experiment, where researchers set up a mock prison in the basement of Stanford University’s psychology building. They then selected twenty four ordinary students to play the roles of both prisoners and guards. The experiment was originally supposed to go on for fourteen days, it had to be stopped after just six days due to what happened to the student participants.
The subjects- mainly the prisoners- were psychologically, physically harmed and were consistently deceived; an example would be that their consent forms were not complete and failed to properly address all that would take place, or even when prisoner 8612 first wanted to withdraw himself from the experiment. There was a huge invasion of privacy- the surprise arrests- Zimbardo had written in 1973 that the coordinators of the experiment had considered alternative methodologies to use to carry out this study, but since they were studying the general psychology of imprisonment, they could find no alternative. This was supposed to be a "safe environment" to study imprisonment, but Zimbardo did not take into consideration the extraneous variable of peer pressure would make it difficult to withdraw. Zimbardo did stop the study after six days, while it was planned to continue for another eight days.... ...
Zimbardo begins his experiment to test how social roles influence our behavior. He did not have any intentions or even any idea how everything would play out. He wants to know what happens when he puts good people in an evil place; would humanity win over evil, or would evil win completely? After the experiment, Zimbardo said, “Our planned two week investigation into the psychology of prison life had to be had to be ended after only six days because of what the situation was doing to the college students…our guards became sadistic and our prisoners became depressed and showed signs of extreme stress.” As said earlier, this experiment was simply to test how social roles influence our behavior.
In “The Stanford Prison Experiment”, Zimbardo randomly selected 21 normal males to take place in his experiment. He randomly divided them into Guards and prisoners. The prisoners were then stripped of their clothing and names. They were forced to wear smocks and were given ID numbers to replace their names. The guards were given a similar treatment - they were given khaki uniforms, sunglasses and symbols of power. They did not receive much training and were told to keep the law and order within the prison. They certainly did, and they were willing to abuse their power in order to do it. They made the prisoners do pushups, repeat statements over and over, turn on each other, clean the toilets with their bare hands and more. The guards became so brutal one of the prisoners had an emotional breakdown and was replaced with another volunteer. The brutality continued ...
A study of Prisoners and Guards in a Stimulated Prison Introduction: The Stanford Prison Experiment is a research that took place in 1971 by the Office of Naval Research. The purpose of this study was to see the various mechanisms employed in human aggression and conformation. Whether the aggression of the guards or the conformity of the prisoners was due to their own personality or a result of their surroundings. The Hypotheses: The US Naval Research under the guidance of Dr. Zimbardo tried to make an educated guess on the exact situations and circumstances that caused an individual to act aggressively by carrying out a research of his own.