St Thomas Aquinas Research Paper

Saint Thomas uses more expressions like sacred doctrine and Christian doctrine than theology in order to refer to all Christian teaching concerning salvation and which, ultimately, rests in revelation. Thomas Aquinas considers that there is a double order of truths relative to God. Those that surpass the capacity of human reason, and those that can be reached by natural reason.

Taking into account this double order of knowledge we can distinguish two different types of theology. The rational or natural theology, tries to arrive at God from the purely natural forces as is the reason. Supernatural theology or theology of faith is based on revealed truths and faith.

However, in the first, faith is also important because it can guide reason both

to preserve it from errors and to indicate the path to follow and the term to which it must come; And in the second, the reason is important because the theologian can use this natural power to order and systematize the knowledge, to clarify or explain them as far as possible and to defend theology from opposing arguments.
Theology is the science or superior knowledge, and this, says St. Thomas, for two reasons. Because of the dignity of the matter that it treats (God), and for the certainty that it contains, because it is founded in the light of God himself, which is infallible. It is also wisdom, and this to a great extent, for wisdom is the knowledge of each concrete thing by the highest causes, and God is the first and highest cause of all.