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Ethnographic observations
The impact of traditional medicine
Ethnology observation
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Throughout the past 3 weeks I have been on ethnobotanical journey that has fueled a greater appreciation for land, knowledge, usages of species and the plants themselves. With little insight I was unsure of the importance of ethnobotany, which has now shifted into a spark to continue learning the extensive amount of knowledge surrounding ethnobotanical practices. We, as a common society, have separated from the natural world. We view uncultivated landscapes as waste, focus nature to change instead of us being proactive and modifying it with traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and we do not participate in our ecosystems. It is evident that through conversations, interactions, stewardship and development with traditional ecological knowledge, we will be able to have a collective society practicing as citizens and not consumers. …show more content…
In modern culture we are continually hearing about stories of destruction whether its oil spills, pollution, land disturbance, deforestation of which the list goes on.
It is integrated into society to focus on the short immediate fixes rather than focusing on what the future consequences could be. Nancy Turner evaluates the destruction of spring bank clover at Clover Point due to species being “intentionally and unintentionally diminished” resulting from unrecognition of the value of springbank clover. Turner continues to display that those who would directly feel the loss of the clover were not able to voice their concern to individuals that were causing the drastic changes (Turner). As a result, spring bank clover is no longer found at Clover Point. The loss of spring bank clover has not only been destructive but it demonstrates that we have not maintained knowledge and the skills needed to sustainably support the resource (Hamersley Chambers, Lecture, 2016). The loss of a key indicator species not only has biological impacts but cultural losses that are still being noted by First Nations who remember what the land was previously like. Tsilalchach/ Songhies Chief sheds light on the loss of the Fort Vancouver which relates to spring bank clover “We and our forefathers
have lived in happiness upon this island for many ages before the existence of these strangers… is that now to be taken away from us?” (F. Hemersley Chambers Lecture, 2016). I was fortunate enough to nibble on the last noted patch of spring bank clover on clover point for the first time in hundreds of years. I gained appreciation for valued land and felt the sadness of the loss of such an important species. I took that experience and translated it back to the UVic campus. My perception of campus has been shifted to have a higher connection and appreciation with my surroundings. Reflecting back, I now can acknowledge a fraction of what the First Nations feel when their valued land is transformed. I would feel discouraged and a loss of sense of place if a new building or parking lot was put on what I now feel is valued land on campus.
Although Leopold’s love of great expanses of wilderness is readily apparent, his book does not cry out in defense of particular tracts of land about to go under the axe or plow, but rather deals with the minutiae, the details, of often unnoticed plants and animals, all the little things that, in our ignorance, we have left out of our managed acreages but which must be present to add up to balanced ecosystems and a sense of quality and wholeness in the landscape.
“Clearing the Plains” begins set in the time period of 1100 C.E before Europeans ever settle into Canada. It depicts the laid back lifestyle that Indgienous people became accustomed to where everyone had a role and the community worked together to survive. However, as time goes on the Indigenous populations becomes thrust into a disease stricken society where there is no hope for survival due to minimal resources. The author, James Daschuk goes on to argue the reasons for this
The fertile Great Plains region would provide America with thousands of acres of fruitful farmland that would benefit the new nation’s economic well-being. After the Lewis and Clark expedition, the newly found wildlife species and scenic landscapes resulted in a greater level of appreciation and fascination in nature and instilled a sense of patriotism in many. It would be a few decades till preservation policies came about but without Jefferson’s will to explore westward, our preservation efforts today might not be what they
Holism is present and the importance of nature and the maintenance of a traditional life-style (stick four). Through McLeod’s (2007) work we see a bond between landscape and other beings. “Through ceremonies, prayers, and songs, the Nehiyawak were able to communicate with other beings and the powers of the land around them, the Atayohkanak, the spiritual grandfathers and grandmothers” (p. 26). McLeod goes on to state that the power of ceremonies in a relationship is not limited to a human-to-human relationship. For example, “[t]he pipe stem is significant for the Nehiiyawak, the Dene and other Indigenous nations as a way of concluding arrangements… [it] was more than… a way of sealing political arrangements… it was a way of making and affirming relationships with the land, of honouring the spiritual powers who dwelt where the people were living.” (McLeod, 2007, p. 27) As well, language is a reoccurring theme. McLeod (2007) attributes much of the continuity of the Cree people to maintaining language which is often through the elders (in his instance, his
It is imperative to recognize our impact on our surroundings and their impact on us. Wirzba says “…these bodies, in turn, necessarily live through the bodies of others- wheat, rice, steer, fish, microorganisms, bees, chickens. We simply cannot avoid or override the ecological truth…” (Wirzba 86). Our lives depend on the resources around us. In order to flourish, we must take care of them, or we are not living ethically. When we take into consideration the needs of our surroundings, we are considering what we need ourselves because of our direct connection.
It was my first semester at West Hawaii Community College in Dr. Stevens’ world history class when I discovered the suffering state of our native lowland dry forests and the endemic tree species disappearing within them. Human interaction is the source of this degradation, so I took it as a moral obligation to work strenuously toward its revival. As a class, we were told that the land surrounding our campus at Palamanui was once teeming with the endemic lama tree, hence the name ‘Palamanui’. With very few lama trees that can be spotted from the college, members of the community, along with students at our campus came together to create a trail connecting these remaining trees.
Leopold defends his position the advent of a new ethical development, one that deals with humans’ relations to the land and its necessity. This relationship is defined as the land ethic, this concept holds to a central component referred to as the ecological consciousness. The ecological consciousness is not a vague ideal, but one that is not recognized in modern society. It reflects a certainty of individual responsibility for the health and preservation of the land upon which we live, and all of its components. If the health of the land is upheld, its capacity of self-renewal and regeneration is maintained as well. To date, conservation has been our sole effort to understand and preserve this capacity. Leopold holds that if the mainstream embraces his ideals of a land ethic and an ecological consciousness, the beauty, stability and integrity of our world will be preserved.
Hawken writes that the movement, a collective gathering of nonconformists, is focused on three basic ambitions: environmental activism, social justice initiatives, and indigenous culture’s resistance to globalization. The principles of environmental activism being closely intertwined with social justice rallies. Hawken states how the fate of each individual on this planet depends on how we understand and treat what is left of the planet’s lands, oceans, species diversity, and people; and that the reason that there is a split between people and nature is because the social justice and environmental arms of the movement hav...
Cocks (2006) stresses that it is vital to explicitly appreciate the responsibilities played by human diversity in biodiversity conservation since biodiversity represents a source of raw material on which the processes of evolution hinge on. The less diversity there is, the greater the chances that life itself could be obliterated owing to lack of resilience to environmental change. There is vital need to sustain and conserve biodiversity since it provides humans with diverse ways of understanding and interacting with the world and ultimately offers diverse possibilities for human futures (Milton, 1996). Cultural diversity has become more intricate and stems from the fact that since humans came into existence, many distinct societies have mutated and surfaced around the globe with marked vicissitudes many of which persist up to the present time. Beyond the obvious cultural diversity that exist between peoples, such as language, dress and traditions, there are also substantial variations in their shared conceptions of worldviews, knowledge and morality, in the manner societies organize themselves, and in the manner they interact and interrelate with their environment (Rist and Haverkort, 2007). Consequently, the role of cultural diversity in sustaining the diversities in biological life form under no circumstance should be under-estimated. The notion of a cultural diversity encompasses the presence of many distinct modes of understanding, different systems of values, different kinds of knowledge within the world as a whole, and within individual societies (Calhoun et al., 1997:99). The belief in the supernatural as couched in the local worldviews or knowledge systems form the basis for safeguarding the way traditional institutions function. In the Upper East Region of Ghana, traditional institutions would include
This chapter explores the idea of landscape in an anthropological construct. Hirsch aims to move away from the western ideals of understanding of landscape, and deconstruct it in an attempt to understand the local interoperation of landscape to prove it is part of a cultural process. Landscape has been used as a “standard framing device” (p1) by those looking from the outside in across anthropological history. Hirsch is looking to explore the landscape through the cultural understandings of the local people. (p1-5)
Taking a trip outside of the city limits to an Aboriginal park called Wanuskewin was a fulfilling, rewarding and educational experience. As a class volunteers fieldtrip we were welcomed in with open arms to participate in learning and helping with the gardens on the reserved area. These were not your typical backyard gardens, or the one you help your grandma harvest, but a spiritual, tradition, and particular garden. We learned a great deal of the reasoning’s behind the structure of them, the traditional plants grown, and the function regarding the garden. Wanuskewin respects and represents the Indigenous way of life by following the tradition of the circle and how everything is connected and need balance within the land.
Indigenous Knowledge (IK) can be broadly defined as the knowledge and skills that an indigenous (local) community accumulates over generations of living in a particular environment. IK is unique to given cultures, localities and societies and is acquired through daily experience. It is embedded in community practices, institutions, relationships and rituals. Because IK is based on, and is deeply embedded in local experience and historic reality, it is therefore unique to that specific culture; it also plays an important role in defining the identity of the community. Similarly, since IK has developed over the centuries of experimentation on how to adapt to local conditions. That is Indigenous ways of knowing informs their ways of being. Accordingly IK is integrated and driven from multiple sources; traditional teachings, empirical observations and revelations handed down generations. Under IK, language, gestures and cultural codes are in harmony. Similarly, language, symbols and family structure are interrelated. For example, First Nation had a
To understand the nature-society relationship means that humans must also understand the benefits as well as problems that arise within the formation of this relationship. Nature as an essence and natural limits are just two of the ways in which this relationship can be broken down in order to further get an understanding of the ways nature and society both shape one another. These concepts provide useful approaches in defining what nature is and how individuals perceive and treat
As forests were being cut down, she noticed that many native plants were becoming sparse. Wangari stated during one of her speeches, “The Green Belt Movement explores the concept of cultural biodiversity, especially with respect to indigenous seeds and medical plants” (Brenda and Lee Lerner 468). Her program realized that the natural plant of the land were important and should be respected. Wangari wanted to help her people re-discover their history and roots where they lived. “…historically our people have been persuaded to believe that because they are poor, they not only lack the capital, but also knowledge… in the process, the participants discover that they must be part of the solution” (Brenda and Lee Lerner 468). The people of Kenya got caught up in all the “privileges” of modern life. They forgot their history and what used to be idolized in their culture. Wangari cared a lot for not only the planet but for her people as