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Essay on greek culture
The characteristics of Greek culture
Essay on greek culture
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The Odyssey For an Epic poem to survive over two thousand years there has been great pains, delights and lessons within its threads. As with many I know partial information about how Greeks actually behaved. I was surprised and impressed with how every civilized Greek citizen openly welcomed and refreshed travelers. Even with this social hospitality being under one of Zeus commands, it is very admirable for the whole people to live it. One sees how wide spread this practice is by observing how king Menelaus of Sparta and Eumaeus received their guest. A significant detail about any hosting party is that they do not inquire as to who their guest is until they are fully refreshed. “Quick, unhitch their team. And bring them, / strangers, guests, …show more content…
The very first superb craftsmanship that I noticed early on was the masterful flowing, living words that propel the story always onward. A small, yet impactful example of this is in the simple way Athena’s eyes are described. “Athena, her eyes flashing bright, exulted, …Pallas Athena broke in sharply, her eyes afire-…The daughter of Zeus with flashing sea-gray eyes-” (Book 1, line 96; Book 3, line 261; Book 2, lines 476). I love how the descriptions are alive and surge with purpose and passion. The style of this poem is just the same as a instrumental masterpiece, every note binds with another building to crescendos and soft, delicate moments. It makes it more pleasing, stimulating to read, similar to a lazy river constantly flowing. The movement never becomes halted or choppy. Instead of saying her eyes are gray or annoyed; Homer and the translators used words that inspire the mind to vividly conjure up the image. An example of this can be seen when Athena first appears to Telemachus, and he is escorting her in his palace.
“He led the way and Pallas Athena followed. / Once in the high-roofed hall, he took her lance / and fixed in firm in a burnished rack against / a sturdy pillar, there where row on row of spears, / embattled Odysseus’ spears, stood stacked and waiting” (Book 1, lines
“I often gave to vagabonds, whoever they might be, who came in need.” (Homer, 351) Hospitality was evident in Homer’s time period and eventually was seen as an institution in the Greek culture. A guest-host relationship, known as Xenia, takes place throughout The Odyssey whether it’s to gain relationships or to avoid punishments from the gods. It is a major theme and is apparent in every book of The Odyssey. Hospitable characters who use xenia are what keep this novel going. Xenia affects the plot in many ways and influences characters actions and choices throughout the novel.
Homer. “The Odyssey”. The Norton Anthology of World Literature. Ed. Martin Puncher. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2012. 475. Print.
Xenia, the ancient Greek concept of hospitality, was one of the foremost forces in Homer’s Iliad. The Achaeans respect it above nearly all else, and failure to adhere to its strict customs could lead to the forfeiture of countless souls.
The Ancient Greeks knew that to survive in their ever-evolving society, a person would needed to live more practically, putting more of an emphasis on learning and knowledge than of strength and power. If looked at in this light, The Odyssey can be viewed as an example of Ancient Greek society communicating to it's people the evolution of society itself.
For hundreds of years, psychologists have attempted to understand why toddlers selfishly refuse to share. Recently, many experts in the field agree that toddlers are incapable of sharing because of their lack of integral brain development. From birth through early childhood, a child can only recognize his own wants and needs. Around the time a child begins kindergarten, he starts to development his understanding of abstract concepts, such as empathy, and sympathy. However, some believe that humans never rid themselves of that original selfishness. In essence, humans are born selfish and hopefully become compassionate later on. The idea of a natural tendency towards selfishness
All throughout The Odyssey there are scenes of good and bad xenia, or hospitality. It can be seen that hospitality is extremely important in the Greek culture, both how someone treats their guests and how the guests treat the host. A closer look chronologically into the good, then bad examples will show how one acts affects the actions that are brought upon them when they either follow or disobey Zeus' Law.
Hospitality in the Iliad gives us an insight in ancient greece and was a major characteristic of their culture. In the Iliad there are many instances of the applications of hospitality in the lives of the people back then. We use the Iliad as a tool to look into their culture because this would have been passed down orally for generations as some of the only literature they had. SO their worldviews and values would be apparent in these precious tales.
Hospitality today is nothing like it was in Ancient Greece. Today, good hospitality is being friendly and respectful to a guest. In Ancient Greece, hospitality was something people had to do, or face the wrath of Zeus. Zeus’s law of hospitality is that any stranger that comes to your home, the host must be willing to feed, entertain, and maybe offer them a bath and anything else they might be in need of without question until those things had been given, and also give them a parting gift. The guest, in turn, would not be a burden in any way. In The Odyssey, most people follow the rules of hospitality, but there are others who do not. The Greek concept of xenia shows the serious priority the Greeks place on the laws of the gods.
Throughout the Odyssey, there are many relationships that represent love between two people. These relationships show loyalty, compassion, and the wanting to be near one another. Two of these kinds of relationships are between Odysseus and Telemakhos, and Odysseus and Penelope.
The Odyssey is filled with emotion and adventure. Homer’s ability to show and give the reader a visual of each and every scene gives the story its unbelievable significance. To all the people who read his work there is something to be captured within every sentence, each one different in its own, unique way. Through tales of courage and defeat, friendship and love this book tells of all the values within the life of a single, solitary man, and his journey to attain what is true and dear to him. And this journey is known to all of us as The Odyssey. The Odyssey is a test of human devotion and trust through the gods, the mortals, and the obstacles through which they venture. No matter where they go or what they do, humans are tested for certain characteristics everyday of their lives, whether they realize it or not; and The Odyssey is just one of those many miraculous tests.
Hospitality was very important to the Ancient Greeks and played a major role in Odysseus’ epic journey; both positive and negative for Odysseus. One of the first examples of hospitality is after Odysseus’ raft was destroyed by Poseidon. Odysseus eventually washed up on a beach and was “Found by the daughter of Alcinous, king of the Phaeacians. That evening he is a guest at court.” (895). The Phaeacians still believe in the importance of hospitality and show that when they honor a complete stranger and treat him to a feast; however, there is reason behind this. They want to make sure that he is not a god testing them. The Phaeacians hospitality got Odysseus back on his feet after being shipwrecked, and possibly saved his life, too. Later, when Odysseus finally returns to Ithaca, he is treated with honor as a guest again.
In the Greece, people have different ways of being than other people all over the world. One example being hospitality, “We therefore humbly pray you to show us some hospitality and otherwise make us such presents as visitors may reasonably expect. May your excellency fear the wrath of heaven, for we are your suppliants, and Jove takes all respectable travelers under his protection, for he is the avenger of all suppliants and foreigners in distress” ( Odyssey Book 9). There you can see Ulysses asking for hospitality like it is mandatory or the gods will punish him for his rudeness. For the Greeks, it is very necessary to meet the person needs to their pleasure.
Giving the gift of hospitality to others is an important, religious concept, and results in reward and good fortune for all of the facilitators. As represented by the epic The Odyssey, written by Homer and translated by Lombardo, hospitality is a vital classical concept even a king must follow. In addition, the Jewish religion’s interpretation of the Torah states that hospitality is a significant mitzvah everyone should fulfill. In both texts, hospitality is portrayed as a key point that determines one’s trust in a god or gods. The concept of hospitality plays an essential role in the success of the protagonists throughout The Odyssey and the Torah.
With this new movement, hospitality is dying. In The Odyssey by Homer, the theme of hospitality is regularly brought up. It is a common courtesy of the time period. It is expected by all who enter someone else's home no matter how poor or rich one is. Throughout The Odyssey, Homer conveys to the reader that all guests, no matter what their circumstances, should be treated well when in someone else's care.
Hospitality in Ancient Greece was as integral a practice as the home was central to their culture. This concept of hospitality was so deeply-woven into the fabric of Greek civilization that it was depicted in folklore and attributed as a commandment from the gods. Even in Homer’s Iliad, a breach of hospitality was a factor that “precipitated the Trojan war. ”3 In his return from 2 Barbara Harrington, Colloquy.