Introduction
Skin Cancer is a comprehensive designation that refers to any form of cancer that originates in the cells of the skin and these cancers typically cultivate in the top layer of the skin known as the epidermis. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention {CDC}, (2015), skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the United States, affecting 67,753 people in 2012 and with approximately one million Americans emerging with skin cancer annually and thirteen percent mortality rate. The two most common skin cancers are the squamous cell cancer and the basal cell, they are non-melanoma skin cancer and less serious than melanoma, they can essentially be cured if detected and treated early with proliferates of survival
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rate (American Cancer Society, 2016). However, if left untreated, can multiply, widened and trigger further serious health problems. Melanoma is the often the utmost fastest growing and serious type of cancer, however, less prevalent, it arises in skin pigment cells called melanocytes that generate melanin and furnishes the skin its natural color (CDC, 2014; CDC,2015; Skin Cancer Foundation, 2016). Melanoma can arise on any skin surface and can grow into other parts of the body (American Cancer Society, 2016; Melanoma International Foundation 2015; National Institutes of Health & U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2016). According to the American Cancer Society (2016), the majority of skin cancer are triggered by sunlight or the ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure and the prospect of developing skin cancer upsurges with advanced age over fifty, whilst skin damage related to the sun can arise at an early age, skin cancer befall individual of all ages.
Skin cancer peril related to exposure to UV radiation across an individual lifetime, and indeed widespread in people with fair skin that burns or freckles easily and individual with red or blond hair and light-brown eyes, while infrequent with people of dark-skinned they remain vulnerable to skin cancer (American Cancer Society, 2016; American Academy of Dermatology, 2015). The healthcare workforce has an obligation to educate patients related to their health and certify that they comprehend the information provided to them. According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services (n.d.), healthcare information sometimes mystifies and necessitates proficient literacy competencies to understand the information. With merely twelve percent of the American population exhibiting proficient literacy competencies, the healthcare teaching materials for the population at large demand to be simply comprehended on the first read ( U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, n.d.). As the result of all these astonishing statistics, it is critical that the healthcare workforces work as advocates to enlighten the population at large on the …show more content…
perils of skin cancer and approaches to safeguard themselves and possibly avert exposure. The intent of this handout is to educate the young men and women on the perils of skin cancer, interferences to avert skin cancer, and dependable websites to uncover supplementary information.
Skin cancer can evolve in any part of the skin body with exposure to the sun, namely the neck, hands, face, arms and head, whilst the basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer that develops gradually and seldom extends to another part of the body. The squamous cell carcinomas are farther hard-hitting disseminating to the lymph nodes and body organs. Another skin cancer disturbs related to the sun exposure is the Actinic keratosis, premalignant skin growths that cultivate on areas of the body exposed to the sun a risk factor for cultivating squamous cell
carcinoma. Skin Cancer Warning Signs: • Moles that changes in color or size • Notable spots on the skin that do not heal • A mole that differs from other moles you have Prevention Tips: • Apply sunscreen before going outside to the hot sun and reapply after going into the water, even on cloudy days. • Wear protective clothing to cover up your skin when going outside the hot sun • Wear hats with a wide brim and sunglasses to protect your eyes • Avoid direct sunlight when the sun is the hottest around 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. • Do not use the tanning beds • Check your skin from head to the toe monthly for any changes and see a doctor if changes exist. Additional websites to find skin cancer information http://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/skincancer.html http://www.cancer.org/cancer/skincancer/ http://melanomainternational.org/ melanoma-facts/#.Vr1oJvIrLIU https://www.aad.org/ public/spot-skin-cancer/learn-about-skin-cancer/types-of-skin-cancer Conclusion The novel healthcare organization and workforce nurses today understand the need for an in-depth focus related to effective patient’s health education at the literacy level that can be comprehended knowing the challenges of low health literacy for health safety, completion of treatment modality and avert re-hospitalization. In an attempt to bridge the interlude of comprehension of the limited health literacy, arrays of healthcare providers and frontline nurses will present the patients with printed health information in the form of handouts and brochures well written at the level that can be comprehended allowing healthcare workforce added time to interact and educate these patients while at hospital. The healthcare organization and health professionals creating cognizant of the issue by integrating health literacy content into the nursing education and continuing education is an essential step in the right direction to assist this community at large.
The Cancer Council NSW and NSW Health Department Skin Cancer Prevention Strategic Plan for New South Wales (2001) Gladesville NSW The Cancer Counsil New South Wales and NSW Health Department 2001
What is skin cancer ? first, Skin is the largest organ of the body . it gives our body protection from harms, injuries and infections. It also organize the body temperature and dispose of waste substances through the glands . out layer of the skin is called the epidermis and the layer underneath is known as the dermis . Skin cancer is type of disease where malignant cancer cells are to be found the outer layer of a person's skin and is the uncontrolled development of the irregular skin cells .It occurs when unrepaired DNA damage to skin cells caused by ultraviolet radiation from sunlight or genetic defects, that lead the skin cells to duplicate rapidly and form malignant tumors. there are three main types of skin cancer which are basal
Skin cancer is a significant public health issue in Australia. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation emitted by the sun in the UVA and UVB wavelengths is the primary cause. Australia has been a world leader in efforts to protect the ozone layer, the main line of defense against ultraviolet radiation emitted by the sun. Ultraviolet radiation induces the formation of thymine dimers that cause mutation of skin cells if not repaired before DNA replication. Mutations of tumor suppressor genes can lead to uncontrolled cell growth. Ultraviolet radiation also causes immunosuppresion that allows skin cancers to become established. Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma are types of skin cancer caused by sun exposure, though each form is associated with a different pattern of exposure. Australia has the highest rate of skin cancer in the world, due to a combination of tropical latitude, fair-skinned population, outdoor lifestyle, and high amount of ambient ultraviolet radiation. Widespread opinions about tanning and health benefits of sunlight lead many Australians to intentionally overexpose themselves to the sun. State cancer councils have developed sun safety and awareness campaigns, such as “Slip! Slop! Slap!” and “SunSmart,” to educate the population about sun exposure and encourage early detection of skin cancers. Gradual changes in knowledge and behavior indicate that the fight against skin cancer can be won.
There are several causes that contributes to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which mainly are prolonged sunlight exposure, presence of trauma, exposure to carcinogen, and being affected by papillomavirus.[...
Basal Cell Carcinoma often abbreviated as (BCC) is the most frequently appearing form of skin cancer. They are also referred to as Basal Cell Cancer. It was discovered along the way as skin cancer was being treated as different types with no specific period. The BCCs’ are uncontrolled growths that normally arise in the skin’s basal cells. These cells lie in the deepest layer of the epidermis which is the outermost layer of the skin. BCC’s are normally caused by a combination of two things; one is cumulative UV exposure and the other is intense occasional UV exposure. The most vulnerable, according to a research done, tend to be people with fair hair, blue eyes and fair skin and this is because they tend to burn easily. The BCCs’ may first appear as a small white flesh or a colored bump that may bleed. Other normal appearances may look like open sores, red patches on the skin, pink growths, shiny bumps or scars. 80% of Basal Cell Carcinoma cases are mainly found in the head and neck that is the body parts that are mainly exposed to the sun. The nose also tends to be most vulnerable and according to a recent study done, 40% of BCC that were diagnosed on the head and neck were adjacent to the nose.
Skin cancer has been overlooked for the past few decades because the medical community has been focusing more on internal cancers. But with in exponential rise in recorded cases of skin cancer, it is grabbing attention now. Skin cancer is a serious problem and society is brushing it off so people might sport a nice tan. Even though skin cancer is not the type cancer that people see everyday or have family members develop it as often as say, breast cancer or prostate cancer, that does not make it any less of an important item to keep a look out for.
Informing you on a everyday thing some girls do, which is tanning. Two main questions you have to ask yourself is it healthy? And will it cause skin cancer ? Well to answer both of those questions you can get skin cancer, and it is healthy for you. Only some parts of it is healthy though, not all of it. And thats what we will be explaining in this paper today. We both do tan so we’re not against it and see the good thing about tanning. Not everyone has to be on our side, some people may like tanning naturally better to begin with.
The impacts of this behaviour not only prevent people to get sunburn or skin erythema but also can reduce the risk of skin cancer. In addition, it can raise the awareness of sun protection so as to change the people’s attitude of sun protection.
The most common type of skin cancer is nonmelanoma skin cancer, which is classified as basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. “These begin either in the basal cells or squamous cells that are located at the base of the outer layer of the skin.” (Kenneth, 2012) Basal and squamous cell cancers are among the less serious types of skin cancers, but make up ninety-five percent of all skin cancers.
However, health literacy is more than just read and write; it is the ability to understand and able to use health information to make choices about their health (Benyon, 2014). Low health literacy can have detrimental effect on the health of the client because it may cause misunderstand of the medical label or health information. According to McMurray & Clendon (2015), health literacy divided into three different levels which are functional, interactive/communicative and critical health literacy. As for functional levels, it is the most general and fundamental level for the general public because individuals need to receive and understand the information of health such as risk of health decision, consent forms, health instruction or medicine labels. (McMurray & Clendo , 2015) Turning to the next level, interactive/communicative health literacy, mainly involved personal skills to spread health knowledge to the community, and also , people are able to influence social norm and help others individuals to develop their personal health capacity. Because of this, understanding of how organization work and resounding communication skill which can help to support others and knowing how to get different health services other individuals need (McMurray & Clendo , 2015). The third level is critical health literacy, mainly divided to
Skin cancer is a disease where cancer (malignant) cells are found on the outer layer of the skin (epidermis). The three types of cells found in the epidermis are squamous cells, basal cells, and melanocytes. These cells in time grow to be cancerous. Thus, the three types of skin cancers are squamous cell, basal cell, and melanoma. Melanoma is the most deadliest and destructive type of cancer. (“Skin Cancer” infotrac.com) The number of people with melanoma has risen in Scotland from 3.5 in 1979 to 10.6 per 100,000 in 1998 for men and 7.0 to 13.1 for women. (Miller 945) Squamous cell and Basal cell skin cancer can kill up to 2,200 people a year in the United States. (Sommerfield SIRS.com) Basal cell, being the most common type of skin cancer, is the cancer that about 75 percent of the people have. (“Skin Cancer “ infotrac.com) Melanoma is mostly seen in older men but ever since tanning came in during the 1970’s, it has increased in women 60 percent around the ages 15-29 over the past three decades.(Sommerfield SIRS.com) “And basal cell and squamous cell cancers are increasing at a rate of about 5 percent per year”(Sommerfield SIRS.com).
Health literacy is a term not widely understood by the general population. It is defined as “the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information needed to make appropriate health decisions and services needed to prevent or treat illness,” (About health literacy, 2014). A person’s level of health literacy is based on their age, education level, socioeconomic standing, and cultural background. Patients with low health literacy have a more difficult time navigating the health care system. According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, this group of patients may find it harder to find medical services and health care providers, fill out health forms, provide their complete medical history with their providers, seek preventative care, understand the health risks associated with some behaviors, taking care of chronic health conditions, and understanding how to take prescribed medications (About health literacy, 2014). It is to a certain extent the patient’s responsibility to increase their own health literacy knowledge. But to what extent can they learn on their own? Those working in the health field have been trained to navigate the health system and understand the medical terms. They have the knowledge and capability to pass on that understanding to their patients. Health care professionals have a shared responsibility to help improve patients’ health literacy.
Health literacy plays an important role in individuals’ decision-making. The scope of health literacy does not limit to traditional medical perspective. In fact, it has extended from the basic understanding of diseases and medications to all aspects that affect health. As one of the key social determinants, health literacy has huge impact on health and well-being. Its influence is associated with disease prevention, healthy lifestyle promotion, policy making, etc. This essay will first discuss the concept of health literacy and the consequences that link to it, and then give a strategy—designing user-centred messages in education, to improve health literacy,
Stored-value cards are access devices used to deduct money from a nonbank, nonchecking account. These cards are funded through checking accounts, ACH funds transfers, credit cards, debit cards or cash. 1. Which promulgated accounting standards did the company need to consider prior to implementing the initiative? Explain your answer.
There has been a great deal of attention given by individuals, the media and by the government to Health Education. There is no doubt that a population which is “health literate” is significant for the sake of the “public health as a whole and consequently for public finances”(Tappe 2013) (Younghee 2013). Many countries, including the U.S., have realized just how vital these issues have become. Sadly however, the ability to understand basic health information, with or without health education, as well as access and process the services is only possessed by “50%”of the American public, resulting in the escalation of health care costs as well as poor decision making regarding health care.