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Essay about the erikson psychosocial theory
Evaluate the psychodynamic approach
Essay about the erikson psychosocial theory
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Sigmund Freud first theorized the psychosexual theory after studying a patients mental health. The theory states that a human develops from underlying unconscious motives in order to achieve sensual satisfaction. One of Freud's followers, Erik Erikson, developed his own theory called the psychosocial theory. Similar to Freud's theory, psychosocial theory also has a series of developmental stages. For example, in adolescence where Frued deems it to be the genital stage, Erikson calls this stage Identity vs. Role Confusion. The psychosocial theory focuses more on a series of choices an individual has to make throughout their life, each choice leads them to develop differently. The main difference between Freud's theory and Erikson's theory
is the Freud focus on human development is pleasure driven, where Erikson's is made from choices. Freud's developmental stages are: Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Gential, these stages are all driven by an individuals unconscious drive for sensual satisfaction. For instance in Oral Stage, which occurs from birth to 1 year, a baby's lips, tongue and gums are the source of pleasure. This same age is what Erikson deems the Trust vs. Mistrust stage, where in which a baby decides whether it will trust others to care for them or develop mistrust in how people can care for others. All of Erikson's stages result in two polar extremes which include: Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, Initial vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity vs. Role Confusion, Intimacy vs. Isolation, Generatively vs. Stagnation and Integrity vs. Despair. The final difference between Freud's and Erkison's theories are that Erikson includes two more stages than Freud which occur during elderly years. Freud believed that the final stage, Genital Stage (genitals being the focus of pleasure sensations), which starts during adolescence continues throughout adulthood. At this point Erikson develops 4 separate stage: Adolescence (Identity vs. Role Confusion), young adults (Intimacy vs. Isolation), middle-aged adults (Generatively vs. Stagnation) and finally older adults (Integrity vs. Despair). While both theorists agree that human development occurs in stages it is clear that they differed in the source that determines these developmental changes.
Psychodynamic theory advantage is that it explains how the mind is developed through adolescence which gives a better perspective on what influences our behaviors and personalities. Also on how our unconscious processes can establish our personalities in our adulthood. Although Sigmund Freud's theory of Psychodynamic lacks scientific evidence. On the contrary the humanistic theory positive impact that it uses self awareness on how one perceives themselves. If one accepts all their qualities. They’ll be able to thrive if they chose a career that encourage their qualities. Another way one can find the source where their personality came from is through the study of the whole person’s life. This way it can help the psychologist with previous experiences.
The aim of this essay is to clarify the basic principles of Freud’s theories and to raise the main issues.
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) is best acknowledged for his unconscious psychodynamic theory, indeed in structuring of human personality as well as in shaping the behavior. His theory was centralized upon the feelings and thoughts that we are normally unaware of in a general state. His attention was based on understanding the behavior that is primarily leading us from the sexual instincts, aggression, and drives. He also happened to be the first to propose the unconscious theory, and later invented the psychotherapy process. Freud verified the instincts based on the level of aggression; and nevertheless, he had learned that some instincts are destructive, as well as others are in need for a survival. He concluded in the study that the main factor in shaping of personality has developed based on the sexual instincts, which are a...
Sigmund Freud, known as the father of psychology, has developed some of the first theories of modern psychology. One of his well known theories is the structural model of the psyche. According to Freud, most of what drives humans is buried in the unconscious mind. There are three main forces that drive humans: the id, the ego, and the super-ego. The id is the sum of basic personal needs and desires. It is completely selfish and has no care for sensibility or reality. It strives for what it wants, when it wants it with no other considerations and is primarily concerned with sex. The second part of the personality is the ego. The ego is the realization of reality. It is the ego’s job to, in a sense, counteract the selfishness and impractically if the id. The third part, the super-ego, is morals and acquired beliefs of right and wrong. According to Freud, in order to have a healthy personality, one’s ego must be dominant. The id must be satisfied but with care not to upset the super-ego. In some cases though, there is an imbalance of either the id or the super-ego, causing eit...
Emotion twists Hamlets feeling towards his mom and Claudius. Readers can use Sigmund Freud’s Structural Model of the Psyche which includes ID, EGO, and SUPEREGO to decode William Shakespeare’s main character, Hamlet. Id is defined as the most influential urges that a character does and reacts immediately to instincts, meaning nobody motivated the character to do what he/she does. Expanding, ego can be seen as something motivating the character to do something while the character still has personal opinions. In other words, the ego is made with reason and is slightly justified. Then the last element is superego, the total influence and motivation made by someone else, leaving no room for conscience.
Sigmund Freud is one of the most controversial psychologists in history to this day, yet his theories and ideas are widely known. Freud made a crucial contribution to the study of understanding hidden human motivation (Lippman, 1996). “Hardly any discipline of thought has remained unaffected by the Freudian revolution but the impact has also been uncertain” (Pollack, 1984). Freud was also known as too important to ignore, but too impossible to digest (Pollack, 1984). Freud’s theories are criticized because his theories are very far fetched and his ideas potentially make many people feel uncomfortable, but that could be exactly the point that Sigmund was trying to convey (Liff, 1998). It was said “He was a disturber of the status quo and induced considerable criticism and devaluation even from his earliest work” (Liff, 1998).
Sigmund Freud is well known throughout psychology for his work on psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is his theory on personality, which emphasizes unconscious determinants of behavior, sexual and aggressive
Personality Psychology has two theories. The first from Sigmund Freud. His Psychoanalytic theory suggests that childhood sexuality and unconscious motivations influences personality, while the Humanistic idea focused on growth and self-fulfillment. Personality Researchers study the complexities of the personalities: biological roots and interaction between people. Along with those roots, they study bias, self-esteem and cultural influence. Freud’s point of view consisted of the idea that your emotional disorders originate from unconscious dynamics. He analyzed this through free association and dreams. His theory was called Psychoanalysis. Freud thought people defended themselves against anxiety by allowing their
Dr. Sigmund Freud came up with a lot of controversial notions, but also set standards in psychology that are still used today. Looking at what is known as the psychoanalytic approach to personality will reveal how these theories are still relevant, and continue to define personality traits (Friedman & Schustack, 2012). Exploring Freud’s theories of the conscious/unconscious by looking at one’s own id, ego, and superego will help explain the human personality and why one does the things they do. Freud’s ideas were mainly based on how the mind works with a special emphasis on how it is all set up in childhood (Psychoanalytic theory, n.d.). This brings to mind that adults are just children with a lot of practice being adults. Everything one does
Dexter remains to be a complex character that is not easily analyzed due to the very distinct aspects of his personality. Freud’s psychoanalytic theory delivers most of the reasoning behind Dexter’s psychopathic inclinations. This theory overall stresses what the effects of unconscious thoughts has on one’s personality and behavior later during their adult life. Most of Freud’s theory applies to Dexter because his constant and unwavering desire to commit murder initiated before he could even remember his mother’s death. The urge came from deep inside his unconscious mind and the urges were too strong for the Ego to keep them at bay. From the way Dexter cannot suppress the craving to kill, it can be displayed that unconscious feelings have an
Freud first developed these methods of psychoanalysis when he met with patients whose disorders did not make neurological sense. A patient, for example, may have suddenly gone blind. The problem is that there is no damage to either of his eyes. Freud began to wonder if this disorder might be psychological rather than physiological. A patient not wanting to see something that aroused anxiety might have caused his own blindness, he hypothesized. In order to find out what the anxiety stemmed from, he used methods of free association where the patient would say whatever came into his mind. Through the slips made when the patient was told to carry out the free-association process, and some of the patient's beliefs and habits, Freud could delve into
With his clinical work with patients that have a mental illness, Freud believes that childhood experiences are influenced by behavior. This theory is known as Freud's Psychosexual Developmental Theory. Conflicts that occur during these stages have a lifelong
Modern psychology was built upon the foundations laid out by Sigmund Freud, and continued by colleagues that broke away from his theories, which they believed were limited by his fixation on sexual urges. Freud outlined new methods for understanding human behavior and his development of psychoanalysis blazed the trail for other psychologists providing the building blocks for the development of many different psychological theories. The evolution of modern psychology evolved from Freud’s deterministic theories and was further developed by his colleague Alfred Adler, who added a social component to the understanding of human behavior. Adler fell back on his own tragic experience as a child to formulate the idea that humans are driven not
Theorists have expanded our knowledge of psychology, influenced one another to broaden, and built upon each other’s theories to develop their own. One theorist who has built upon previous theorists was Erik Erikson. Erikson developed an eight-stage theory of identity and psychosocial development, which has countless strengths and weaknesses.
Erikson’s developmental theory was very detailed as compared to Freud. His theory describes the influence of social experiences in one’s life; however Freud described development based on sexuality. Another major difference between Freud and Erikson’s developmental theory is the end result of the stages. Freud believed that when fixation occurs in one stage, the problems occur associated with that stage would be permanent. However Erikson claims that the outcome of a particular stage is temporary and can be altered by experiences in later years.