Sensation And Perception Research Paper

Name_____________________________________ Student # ___________

Sensation and Perception

Task A. Answer three (3) of the following learning objectives (~300 words)

1. Describe how humans sense the environment? Explain the process of transduction.

A sense is a physiological ability of organisms that supply information for perception. Human receive stimulus energy from the external environment through the sensation process. Sensory receptor is found in sense organ which detect stimulus energy. They sense physical energy and decode physical stimulation into neural signals. Sight (opthalmoception),hearing (audioception), taste (gustaoception), smell (olfacoception) and touch (tactioception) are the five usually recognized senses.

Transduction is the process

that converts a sensory signal to an electrical signal to be processed in a particular area in the brain. Transduction means transforming, it transfer energy from outside of the body to the brain. sensation is transformed as a perception for the brain to comprehend.

2. What are absolute thresholds? Using Signal Detection Theory, explain why our sensitivity to sensations varies over the day.

Threshold is the lowest value below which human could not detect a stimulus. It is the smallest detectable level of stimuli. Signal detection theory is the recognition of a stimulus depends on the strength of the stimulus and physical/ psychological state of the individual. Background stimulation, External noise, Internal noise, Internal response might be the major factors that indicates why our sensitivity to sensation varies over the day.

3.

Explain how light wavelengths are transformed in vision and the perception of colour

4. Explain the difference between the sensation of pain and the perception of pain.

The word pain is used to explain a broad range of unpleasant sensory and emotional experiences connected with definite or potential tissue damage. It is caused by the commencement of Nociceptors by chemical, thermal, automatic, or other stimuli. Pain is a warning sign that we cannot ignore. It is an significant function for survival. Pain can travel in two different pathways. Fast pathway identify sharp pain and send the information to the cortex. Slow pathways sends the information through the limbic system (aching, burning)

Pain perception is difficult to determine someone's pain in comparison with another person's since pain perception fluctuate significantly one from person to the next. Pain perception may vary based on factors such as emotion, expectation, personality, mood etc.

Task B1: Online activity with specific questions to be answered (~200 words)

● List and explain the six Gestalt laws- for each law, provide a pictorial (real life) example of each (can include advertising symbols and neon lights

etc).

Figure- grounded perception
The principles of figure ground perception illustrate our perceptual tendency to identify entire figures from its background relying on possible variables such as contrast, size, and colour etc. Everything that is not figure is the ground.
Similarity
Occurs when object shares visual characteristics for example size, texture, shape, colour etc with another object and they seen as belonging together in the viewers mind. often viewers identify them as pattern or group.
Proximity
occurs when elements are close to one another, unity occurs and perceived as a group even the size, color, texture, tone/ value are basically different
Good continuation
objects will be forming a group if they are close, co-linear and following a direction. it arises when the viewers' eye is bound to move through one object and go on to another object
Simplicity
indicates when viewers mind perceives things in simplest form, figures that are seen as an element instead of complicated shapes
Closure
applies when viewer likely to complete an unfinished figures when few elements are missing. it is the tendency to ignore gaps and complete outlines.

OR

Task B2: define and provide an example of the following monocular [perceptual] cues

Using the traditional image of the Taj Mahal, provide an example of the following monocular depth cues: linerar perspective; relative size; interposition [overlay]; and texture gradient.

Task C. Either describe the most interesting/surprising aspect of the chapter or apply (or explain) some aspect of this material to your life (or your future work life). (~100 words)

Perceiving in colour- Human eyes receives colour, which is the light wavelength , processes from a reflected source. The three main integral parts of the colours are -hue, value, and saturation. In the first decade of 20th century it was created by Professor Albert H. Munsell
Hue is the dominant wavelength and apparent colours of an object. Five principle hues are red, yellow, green, blue and purple.
Value( greyscale value, lightness, tone) refers to the darkness or brightness of the colours. it demonstrate the amount of light has been reflected.
Saturation or Chroma illustrates the vividness and strength of a colour. All the colours cannot achieve same level of chroma, represents the purity of a colour.