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Seeing with the Native Eye The essay “Seeing with the Native Eye” exemplifies an alternative paradigm. Schriver (2011) explains “in general, alternative paradigms are sets of interrelated and interlocking dimensions through which what and how we know about the world around us is created, communicated, and controlled” (Schriver, 2011). This analysis of the essay “Seeing with the Native Eye” will be applied with the concepts that are laid out in the book Human Behavior and the Social Environment. Concepts that will be highlighted are interpretive, intuitive, subjective, and qualitative. The first concept discussed of an alternative paradigm is interpretive. Interpretive can mean a wide range of things when talking to different people from different walks of life. Native Americans will most definitely have an altered view of the world and its surroundings compared to the Anglo Americans in the same region. …show more content…
Belenky (1986) writes “describe subjective knowledge as “a perspective from which truth and knowledge are conceived of as personal, private, and subjectively known or intuited” (Belenky et al., 1986). In an environment people have to participate to get the full understand of the culture. For example, Toelken was adopted into a family where he had the full experience of tribal life. Toelken (2001) writes, “This is not intended to be a tale of woe, however; I simply want it understood that I was not a missionary among the Navajo. Nor was I an anthropologist, a teacher, a tourist, or any of the other things that something cause people to come to know another group briefly and superficially” (p. 51). He was a part of the culture, family, and environment. Toelken would not have had these deep ties to the Navajo people if he was just a visitor. As social workers, it is necessary to understand we are visitors when entering into people’s homes, tribes, work, and altogether
It seems that in the 21st century and even during the colonizing of America, the interpretation of Native Americans is and had been that they were savages and live a barbaric lifestyle. That they had no order or way of life. When presented with the topic of Native Americans and Colonists in the New World, it is easy to assume warfare and bloodshed amongst the two parties. That the Colonists were constantly in mini battles with the Native Americans. It is also easy to assume that the land in the New World was unsettling to the eyes. This is due to records from the colonist times, calling the lands “wild” or “wildlands”. In Robbie Ethridge’s book Creek Country, she tries to debunk these interpretations mentioned above. She does so by using an
Pages one to sixty- nine in Indian From The Inside: Native American Philosophy and Cultural Renewal by Dennis McPherson and J. Douglas Rabb, provides the beginning of an in-depth analysis of Native American cultural philosophy. It also states the ways in which western perspective has played a role in our understanding of Native American culture and similarities between Western culture and Native American culture. The section of reading can be divided into three lenses. The first section focus is on the theoretical understanding of self in respect to the space around us. The second section provides a historical background into the relationship between Native Americans and British colonial power. The last section focus is on the affiliation of otherworldliness that exist between
In Barre Toelken’s essay “Seeing with a Native Eye: How Many Sheep Will It Hold?”, the ways in which one culture perceives another and the criteria used to make judgements are explored. Toelken states “I think I can say something about how differently we see things, envision things, look at things, how dissimilarly different cultures try to process the world of reality” (10-11). In essence, Toelken is alluding to how different cultures will interpret their experiences and rituals according to their own set of beliefs and practices. This complicates situations in which the experiences or rituals are not comparable across cultural lines; someone will always be missing an aspect or a significant purpose if they do not try to “see it as much as possible with the ‘native eye’” (12). In other words, one must immerse themselves in the culture they are analyzing, while not comparing it to their own cultural experiences. One must consider all the cultural implications of that specific culture when wondering why things are done a certain way. Toelken provides
The story Navajo Lessons conveys the theme that “It is important to learn and appreciate your heritage.” This story is about a girl, Celine, and her brother that visit her grandmother on the Navajo reservation in Arizona. Celine arrives at a place in the middle of nowhere at her grandmother’s house and is not excited because she had better plans for the summer. Her family is encouraging her to deal with it and make something good out of it. Over time, Celine learns that this trip was worth it because she realized that it is important to learn and appreciate your heritage. Celine learned this in many ways, one of them being that she wanted to learn and listen to the stories that her grandmother was telling.
Anthropologist and other Friends is an article by Vine Deloria. This article is about Native Americans and their struggles – mainly with anthropologists. Deloria is very quick in this article to express his hatred towards anthropologist because of the way they “study” the Native Americans. After reading this article one may find three main points to focus on: the significance of the writing, the criticism one may feel towards the writing, and the arguments against the anthropologist laid out in the writing. There are many significant points and findings in this article.
As a scholar invested in the progression of the field of Native American material cultural studies, I consistently recondition my understanding of both epistemology and the appropriate ways to approach cultural circumstances of the so-called “Other” through personal encounters and the shared experiences of my contemporaries. My own ethical position is forever fluid, negotiated by both Native and non-Native sources as I attempt to find ground in what exactly I intend to do (outside of an occupation) with the knowledge I accumulate. Perhaps the most vulnerable facet of existence in the world of academia is the ease that comes in the failure to compromise one’s own advancement for the well-being of those being studied. Barre Toelken is an encouraging exception to this conundrum, considering his explicit analysis of both Navajo and Western ethics in the case of the Hugh Yellowman tapes. His essay argues for an approach that surrenders the fieldworker’s hypothetical gain to the socio-emotional needs of subjects’ epistemological structure and, most intriguingly, he treats ethnographic materials as praxis rather than data. After years of apprehension with the objectifying habits of cultural anthropology, a discipline internally dithered by the bickering of Science vs. Humanities, I am finally moved to disengage from such authoritatively based methods altogether as a result of Toelken’s example.
Duane Champagne in Social Change and Cultural Continuity Among Native Nations explains that there has never been one definitive world view that comprises any one Native American culture, as there is no such thing as one “Native community” (2007:10). However, there are certain commonalities in the ways of seeing and experiencing the world that many Native communities and their religions seem to share.
We may hear of a concept from another culture and try to make sense of it within our own culture, which evidently creates misunderstandings. We must understand how our language and culture is how we organize the world and attempt to overcome that and see the world organized from another cultures point of view and by doing so this will start the process of understanding Native American thought and thus place their philosophy beside westerns. To stress the importance of language, another example is used by Anne Waters when she states “hearing is being” meaning that our language has trained us to only hear certain sounds, or in other words, what we hear is determined by our language and culture. This stresses their influence on our lives. As mentioned above, Native Americans believe in non-propositional knowledge (such as dreams) and we have just mentioned the need to recognize assumptions and avoid them. Therefore it is extremely relevant what …. Said when stating how obscured it is that Native Americans beliefs are superstitions and
Steven Pinker lays the foundation for his book by highlighting three main philosophies that permeate society’s view of humanity and their historical context: The Blank Slate (empiricism), the Noble Savage (romanticism), and the Ghost in the Machine (dualism) (2002, p. 11). Pinker is correct to challenge previous philosophical frameworks as they skew the way scientific research has been conducted. Present-day scientific and social research will only benefit from an acknowledgement of innate human nature.
I have decided to discuss the topic of Spirituality in Native Americans. To address this topic, I will first discuss what knowledge I have gained about Native Americans. Then I will discuss how this knowledge will inform my practice with Native Americans. To conclude, I will talk about ethical issues, and dilemmas that a Social Worker might face working with Native American people.
One of the major advantages of participant observation is the ability of the anthropologist to gain access to events, locations and intimate situations where outside observers would not be allowed. DeMunk and Sobo (1998) describe some benefits of the observation method over alternative methods of anthropological data collection including the fact that it allows admission to the “backstage culture” (DeMunk and Sobo 1998 p.43), it allows for intimately detailed description, and provides the anthropologist with opportunities to be a part of all events. DeWalt and DeWalt (2002 p.92) also suggest that it increases the quality of the data that has been collected and the interpretation of the anthropologist, as well as analysis of that data and assisting in the development of new research questions and hypotheses. However, DeMunk and Sobo (1998) also address some disadvantages of using the particip...
Dorinne Kondo does an excellent job in her essay “Dissolution and Reconstitution of Self”in using the reflexive voice as a way in which to describe culture and break down the observer/Other dichotomy by giving agency and power to her informants. Not only does the anthropologist interpret the people, but the people give their interpretation of the anthropologist. She states:
Interpretive perspective says that the social world is created in an ongoing manner, via social interaction. How do we relate to each other on a day-to-day basis? It focuses upon micro-level.
The theory recognizes human conduct as a cooperation of individual variables, conduct, and nature. In the model, the cooperation between the individual and conduct includes the impacts of a man 's contemplations and activities. The connection between the individual and the earth includes human convictions and psychological capabilities that are created and altered by social impacts and structures inside nature. The third communication, between the earth and conduct, includes a man 's conduct deciding the parts of their surroundings and thusly their conduct is adjusted by that environment. In conclusion, social cognitive theory is useful for comprehension and anticipating both individual and gathering conduct and recognizing strategies in which conduct can be altered or
Wilkens, S., & Sanford, M. L. (2009). Hidden worldviews: eight cultural stories that shape our lives. Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic.