Scarlet Letter
Question: How does sin affect the human condition in The Scarlet Letter? How does sin result in knowledge?
Dimmesdale fights an internal conflict that takes over his body through guilt. Dimmesdale was the mysterious man who had committed adultery with Hester Prynne, the woman with the scarlet letter. Dimmesdale’s sin was not only committing adultery, but lying to the whole town and leading them to think he was still the pure man who followed all of God’s rules. Dimmesdale throughout the book has serious heartaches, which is the result of the guilt within in his sin. The power of sin caused Dimmesdale to gain physical pain, a connection between his sin and the human condition. Dimmesdale pain gets more powerful throughout
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the book, the longer he hides his filthy sin. Hester Prynne suffered her pain through the society, who gave her the scarlet letter to have for as long as society sees fit. Dimmesdale gains knowledge through his experience by realizing that hiding sins can lead to pain and guilt that does not just go away. Dimmesdale learns through his experience that sin is no laughing matter. Not only Dimmesdale, but society had connected what it truly means to be vulnerable. Hester Prynne was given knowledge through her sins and the consequences that can be brought. Sin has resemblance, to a mistake, everyone must learn from their mistakes. Adam and Eve is in connection to the question because they not only committed sin, but were punished deeply what they had done. Adam and Eve were given hard labor for their actions, and had to learn to live on their own because the couple disobeyed their God, and gained knowledge of what it was like to be human. Their consequence lead to knowledge of being human, similar to how Hester and Dimmesdale gained knowledge of what it was like to be human as well. Quote: "A pure hand needs no glove to cover it!" (Hawthorne page number) This quote is said in a dialogue with the sexton and Mr. Dimmesdale. The sexton had found Mr. Dimmesdale’s glove on the scaffold, and he claims that Satan put it there as a joke, but claims that Dimmesdale hand is pure, and “needs no glove to cover it!”. The quote gives meaning to how Dimmesdale is seen as such a pure person to the town, but hides a great secret that would no doubt change the town’s view upon him. The quote proves that the church and the town see Dimmesdale as one of the few holy men left, but no one knows he is an adulterer. Dimmesdale feels guilt for keeping a big secret, but will not tell the truth. The quote shows ignorance in the town and how they are being deceived by a man they all respect. Even though the sexton found his glove on the scaffold, not for a second did he believe that Dimmesdale might of been up there. Dimmesdale was given the chance to come clean and reveal the truth, yet he played off the fact the devil put it there. This quote gives meaning to deception and betrayal. Talking Point: The Black Man “The Black Man”, while not a real person, plays a big role in The Scarlet Letter.
The Black Man is the representation for Satan and sin. The “A” on Hester’s chest was thought to be the mark of the Black Man, and young Pearl seems to peak interest in him. Characters like Dimmesdale, Chillingworth and Hester all seem to have been given a connection to the Black Man. The Black Man represents sin, and contrasts the bad from the good in humans. Humans are questioned on their abilities to be good, and the Black Man is the “Satan” that lives within people. The Black Man is a worthy talking point because without that symbolism, sin would not have been a questionable topic. Humans would have only been seen as a decent race with no consequence of sin. The Black Man is considered consequence for humans, and points the fact that no one can escape punishment. The Black Man keeps a book, and writes sinners name in that said book. The Black Man not only debates the topic on whether or not humans are good and evil, but debates the topic of whether or not people choose to be evil. Chillingworth is proof that sometimes people have bad intentions, with no intention of being good and giving forgiveness. Chillingworth was compared to the Black Man a good sum of the book, seeing he resembles Satan due to their evil intentions. The Black Man is the symbol of Satan and sin, and is a key component to the
book. Talking Point: Shaming and Shunning Another topic worth discussion is shame and the act of shunning. Hester Prynne, after committing adultery, was placed on the scaffold, a stand for the town to publicly shame and embarrass the person of choice. Hester Prynne was not only ashamed, but was given a Scarlet “A” on her chest to remind people of her wrongdoings. Hester was shunned for nearly seven years before she was fully accepted back into society. Everyone makes mistakes, but some are more noticeable than others and can lead to shame and even shunning. Even though everyone makes mistakes, Hester was shamed for hers. Shaming is an awful experience. Just because someone makes a mistake does not justify embarrassing someone. Shunning is a very painful experience. Even though it is not physical pain, it brings emotional pain and loneliness. Shaming and shunning are two evil processes that can make a person feel worthless.
In the book The Scarlet Letter, the character Reverend Dimmesdale, a very religious man, committed adultery, which was a sin in the Puritan community. Of course, this sin could not be committed alone. His partner was Hester Prynne. Hester was caught with the sinning only because she had a child named Pearl. Dimmesdale was broken down by Roger Chillinsworth, Hester Prynne’s real husband, and by his own self-guilt. Dimmesdale would later confess his sin and die on the scaffold. Dimmesdale was well known by the community and was looked up to by many religious people. But underneath his religious mask he is actually the worst sinner of them all. His sin was one of the greatest sins in a Puritan community. The sin would eat him alive from the inside out causing him to become weaker and weaker, until he could not stand it anymore. In a last show of strength he announces his sin to the world, but dies soon afterwards. In the beginning Dimmesdale is a weak, reserved man. Because of his sin his health regresses more and more as the book goes on, yet he tries to hide his sin beneath a religious mask. By the end of the book he comes forth and tells the truth, but because he had hidden the sin for so long he is unable to survive. Dimmesdale also adds suspense to the novel to keep the reader more interested in what Reverend Dimmesdale is hiding and his hidden secrets. Therefore Dimmesdale’s sin is the key focus of the book to keep the reader interested. Dimmesdale tries to cover up his sin by preaching to the town and becoming more committed to his preachings, but this only makes him feel guiltier. In the beginning of the story, Dimmesdale is described by these words; “His eloquence and religious fervor had already given earnest of high eminence in his profession.”(Hawthorne,44). This proves that the people of the town looked up to him because he acted very religious and he was the last person that anyone expected to sin. This is the reason that it was so hard for him to come out and tell the people the truth. Dimmesdale often tried to tell the people in a roundabout way when he said “…though he (Dimmesdale) were to step down from a high place, and stand there beside thee on thy pedestal of shame, yet better were it so, than to hide a guilty heart through life.
In the novel The Scarlet Letter and the short story “The Minister’s Black Veil”, Nathaniel Hawthorne incorporates romantic elements, such as beauty, truth, innocence, and sin, in his criticism of Puritan societies. In both texts, Hawthorne argues that all people, even those in strictly religious societies with corrupted standards, are capable of sin. Hawthorne uses symbolism and light and dark imagery to convey his argument.
The Scarlet Letter involves many characters that go through several changes during the course of the story. In particular, the young minister Dimmesdale, who commits adultery with Hester, greatly changes. He is the moral blossom of the book, the character that makes the most progress for the better. It is true that Dimmesdale, being a minister, should be the role model of the townspeople. He is the last person who should commit such an awful crime and lie about it, but in the end, he confesses to the town. Besides, everybody, including ministers, sin, and the fact that he confesses illustrates his courage and morality.
In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, Mr. Dimmesdale’s greatest fear is that the townspeople will find out about his sin of adultery with Hester Prynne. Mr. Dimmesdale fears that his soul could not take the shame of such a disclosure, as he is an important moral figure in society. However, in not confessing his sin to the public, he suffers through the guilt of his sin, a pain which is exacerbated by the tortures of Roger Chillingworth. Though he consistently chooses guilt over shame, Mr. Dimmesdale goes through a much more painful experience than Hester, who endured the public shame of the scarlet letter. Mr. Dimmesdale’s guilt is much more damaging to his soul than any shame that he might have endured.
In further developing Dimmesdale's character, Hawthorne portrays him as a hypocrite. His outward demeanor deceives the villagers, appearing as a completely holy man. However, before the action of the novel begins, he stumbles into sin, by committing adultery with Hester Pryn...
Hester and Dimmesdale both bear a scarlet letter but the way they handle it is different. Hester’s scarlet letter is a piece of clothing, the “SCARLET LETTER, so fantastically embroidered and illuminated upon her bosom” (Hawthorn 51). Dimmesdale on the other hand, has a scarlet letter carved in his chest. This is revealed when Dimmesdale was giving his revelation, in which “he tore away the ministerial band from before his breast. It was revealed!” (Hawthorn 232). Since the Scarlet Letter on Hester is visible to the public, she was criticized and looked down on. “This women has brought same upon us all, and ought to die” (Hawthorn 49) is said by a female in the market place talking about Hester. She becomes a stronger person through living this hard life. Dimmesdale instead has to live “a life of cowardly and selfish meanness, that added tenfold disgrace and ignominy to his original crime” (Loring 185). He becomes weaker and weaker by time, “neither growing wiser nor stronger, but, day after day, paler and paler, more and more abject” (Loring 186). Their courage is also weak.
The first theme expressed in The Scarlet Letter is that even well meaning deceptions and secrets can lead to destruction. Dimmesdale is a prime example of this; he meant well by concealing his secret relationship with Hester, however, keeping it bound up was deteriorating his health. Over the course of the book this fact is made to stand out by Dimmesdale’s changing appearance. Over the course of the novel Dimmesdale becomes more pale, and emaciated. Hester prevents herself from suffer the same fate. She is open about her sin but stays loyal to her lover by not telling who is the father of Pearl. Hester matures in the book; becomes a stronger character.
Eventually coming to terms with his societal offense and accepting the love he shares for Hester and the product of his sin, Pearl, Dimmesdale decides to end his torment by revealing himself to society. However, as he relieves himself from the curse cast upon him, his body succumbs to his mental distress and physically weakness, leaving him a freed man as he takes his last breath. Dimmesdale inflicts himself with agony and distress as he chose to have an affair with Hester, but his ultimate downfall resulted because of his fear of social judgement and the consequences for committing such a crime. His choice to hide his dishonorable actions from society worsened his physical and mental health as he lived in constant angst of someone uncovering his scandalous secret and consequently leading to his passing away. As demonstrated by Oedipus and Dimmesdale, it is not one’s crime that leads them into misery; it is the emotional distress and guilt that tortures them and brings upon their greatest
In the book The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne there are many characters who have committed sins. In Puritan community they followed the word of god and banned all sins. These sins in The Scarlet Letter were look as The Black Mans work meaning satans work. The sins committed were harmful and hurtful to people and their souls. Hester and Mr. Dimmesdale committed adultery with bearing a child named Pearl. But Roger Chillingworth committed the worst sin by using his gifts for evil.
That man who Hester loves so deeply, Mr. Dimmesdale also undergoes major changes due the sin he bears. In the beginning of the book we see this man’s weakness and unwillingness to confess sin even as he begs Hester the person he committed his sin with to come forth with her other parties name (p56). As The Scarlet Letter progresses we see Dimmesdale become weaker physically and his religious speeches become even stronger so that his congregation begins to revere him. For a large part of the novel Dimmesdale has been on a downward spiral in terms of mental and physical health thanks to a so-called friend who was issued to take care of Mr. Dimmesdale, then because of a talk with Hester he is revitalized and given the power to do something, which he could not for seven long years. At the end of the novel Dimmesdale is finally able to recognize his family in public and confess his sin before all releasing the sin he held so long hidden in his heart (p218, 219).
Some say to sin is to go to hell, some say sin is a scourge of human nature, some say sin must be confessed, and some say sin must be forced out of people through punishment. The internal consequences of believing one has sinned are more intangible than social attitudes toward sin, but they appear just as often and in just as many different ways. The novel The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, exudes sin. In The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne uses symbolism to demonstrate the effects of sin not only on public reputation, but also on one’s psychological state. The Scarlet Letter A, which Hester Prynne wears on her chest as punishment for adultery, causes her anguish through ignominy but allows her to improve over time through the public nature of her disgrace. Chillingworth, the leech, punishes Reverend Dimmesdale for his concealed sin, and yet at the same time wastes away due to his own sin of sucking the life out of Dimmesdale. Pearl, the illegitimate child of Hester and Dimmesdale, embodies both the open and the concealed sin of her parents. She is unable to be normal because of this and takes on wild and elf-like qualities.
“A bloody scourge…rigorously, and until his knees trembled beneath him, as an act of penance.” (Hawthorne, 141) In the Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Minister Dimmesdale starved himself, whipped himself, and tortured himself to get rid of the guilt caused by his sin with Hester Prynne. Hawthorne describes the minister’s guilt as the evil that anchored him down and shows how Dimmesdale tortures himself but can never get rid of it. His guilt came from many things. First was his guilt for committing the crime with Hester Prynne. Second is his guilt for not being with her at the time that she was put upon the scaffold. Last was his guilt from not revealing himself to his own daughter and from having to stay out of her life due to fear of being shamed by the community. Hawthorne’s views on guilt and Dimmesdale are mostly that his guilt controlled his life completely until the very end when the power of the sin and guilt took over to the point where he couldn’t control himself.
4. The Scarlet Letter was written and published in 1850. The novel was a product of the Transcendentalist and Romantic period.
... him feeble. In the end, he frees himself from his guilt by admitting to everyone his sin. He crumbles under the anxiety of holding his secret inwards revealing Dimmesdale to be a rather weak male protagonist. He also is not strong enough support Hester, to show love towards Hester, or to take his own burden of sin on himself, although he does realize how wrong he is. His inability to outwardly show his sin like Hester proves Hester to be the stronger one which supports the idea that Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter is a feminist composition.
Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter is a study of the effects of sin on the hearts and minds of the main characters, Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, Roger Chillingworth. Hester, Dimmesdale, and Chillingworth. Sin strengthens Hester, humanizes Dimmesdale, and turns Chillingworth into a demon.