There are various psychologist’s studies which describe the factors contributing to the development of the human beings. Sally was five years old girl, who suffered from some conflicts. As the result of the disturbance in her life, she was unable to communicate with other people. In the light of the reported event, this case will discuss the cause of Sally’s behavior from the different perspective. Psychoanalytic perspective Erickson’s states industry vs inferiority stage is from grade k to 6, which shows that “a sense of inferiority emerges when the child is unproductive or made of feel incompetent” (Santrock, 2017, p.51). Sally is revealing inappropriate behavior because of lack of self-assurance and poor self-esteem when faces her peers. …show more content…
In the case of Sally, she did not get proper guidance and assistance from her teachers. The improper support of teachers and school member made her become irritable. She found hard to communicate with others and emerges as unsuccessful to adapt to the environment of the school. Because of this, she did not like to interact with people. On the other side, according to Piaget’s cognitive theory sally is in preoperational stage of development (Santrock, 2017). She was not mentally able to perform the solutions to her problems and being afraid of sharing the situation with someone else. She started to develop her own ideas about the world she lives in, she was not good at thinking things out of her world and which caused her to behave differently among rest of the students. She might find difficulty to understand the concepts in the …show more content…
The cause of sally’s disproportionate behavior is due to her feeling of getting punishment which made her impotent to communicate with peers and teacher. She lacked motivation and encouragement. She was not getting appreciation from the teacher and friends for her work which creates her behavior to swing. Moreover, Bandura’s social cognitive theory add that there are three elements which play a vital role in children development: behavior, environment, and cognition. These three factors work interactively (Santrock, 2017). Sally might be paying attention to another person whose behavior is not good and influenced her. In addition, she may have such images in her mind which hinder her mood and mind. That’s the reason she did not feel comfortable to talk with other
Alison spent 12 years of her life learning how to learn. She was comfortable with conversation, but could not understand directions. This caused her a lot of self-esteem issues as a young child trying to fit in with all the other kids. She felt an enormous amount of pressure at both school and home. At age seven, she finally came to the realization that she just did not understand. That is when she began to develop coping mechanisms like asking others to repeat and clarify directions, spoken or written. She used the cues of those around her, and observed her classmates and reactions...
Didn't anyone's high school English teacher tell him or her to read the directions carefully before taking the test? It seems the uneducated people that misinterpreted a ballot fit for a 5th grader in Palm Beach County, Florida, also write editorials. In the past two weeks I have come across numerous selections and pieces that just randomly tossed slanderous and fictitious statements into the blue, claiming inaccuracy after inaccuracy. Both Vice President Al Gore (Democrat), and Governor George W. Bush or Texas (Republican), have given the media and American people numerous opportunities to listen to their points of view, and take advantage of the mistakes they committed in televised debates and talk shows. While reading the Daily Athenaeum, I came across a rather interesting editorial that stopped my eyes dead on the page. This particular editorial claimed Republican presidential candidate George W. Bush is nothing more then a minority-hating, poor stomping, environmentally baffled liar. If Delvin Hickerson, author of this rant, calls G.W. a liar, I wonder what he refers to Vice President Gore as? Obviously Mr. Hickerson neglected to skim over the facts before writing his little spiel.
Children are complex, and the way a child develops differs from individual to individual. The study of children is a field that researchers, scientists, theorists and educators have been exploring for decades. CHYS 1F90 studies the foundations of childhood development and allows the students to look at the way children develop through multiple lenses. Many conclusions have been drawn, observing how, when and why children develop the way they do. Jerry and Samantha are both grade one students who are unrelated. Although these two students are both the same age, they are different on a variety of accounts. Jerry is a shy and introverted boy who quickly becomes uncomfortable while talking to adults, teachers and peers, contrariwise Samantha is immensely confident and demonstrates extroversion around others. After analyzing both Jerry and Samantha through a biological, learning theorist and psychoanalytical lens, the reasons for the first-graders differences are clear. Depending on the lens in which an individual looks through when analyzing the development of children, interesting and intriguing conclusions can be drawn regarding the broad topic of understanding how children develop.
Piaget’s second stage is Pre-Operational Stage where he said the age range is from 2 years to 7 years. He described as that at this stage children use proper grammar to express concepts. They also have the use of proper syntax, imagination and intuition. At this stage children are still egocentric. They do not yet understand laws of conservation. The child vocabulary also improves and expand and developed at this stage because it’s at this stage where they are changing from babies to toddlers in their next stage. It’s at this stage where they are decentering because they will stop believing that they are the Centre of the attention, and they may imagine that something or someone else could be the Centre of attention other than them. They will
Dreikurs’ model relies on the idea that “a misbehaving child is only a discouraged child trying to find his place” (Jones & Jones, 2013, p. 33). When a student is feeling inadequate, they will filter through some or all of the four attention-getting behaviors. These disruptive behaviors are: attention getting, power, revenge, and displays of inadequacy. Dreikurs believed that when a child fails to feel as though he or she belongs, they will “act out” in various ways in order to gain acceptable. Sometimes these behaviors work, and other times, students are left feeling more frustrated. For example, a student who may fall behind in class may use inappropriate jokes or commentary to solicit respect from classmates. The student may then try exhibiting power over the administrator in the classroom further trying to increase their status in the social climate. If the student does not receive the attention they seek, they may try to seek revenge on the teacher or even other students in the classroom. In many cases, the disgruntled student gives up entirely and will revert to using phrases such as, “I don’t care anyway,” or “I meant to do that.” Instead of being instructed on how to cope effectively with their emotions, students default into primitive fight or flight strategies. Because of a student’s inability to feel socially equa...
Piaget underlined that the pre-operational stage can be described as the stage of the concentrated egocentrism. We could notice these features in practice. Moreover, this stage is said to be devoted to the abilities of children. They are rather limited because the mental activity is influenced by life experience and emotions. Therefore, the conclusions concerning the practical aspect of the theoretical study are made.
The observation took place at the Triton College, Child Development Center, on Wednesday, March 15, 2017, from 9:30 am-10:30 am. Children being observed range from ages 3-5 years old. The classroom is led in a child center program promoting education through art and play.
Theorists such as Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky, Erik Erikson, Sigmund Freud, and Lawrence Kohlberg have studied and documented information about the stages of childhood development. The three main stages of childhood development are early childhood, middle childhood and adolescence. Each stage contains developmental behaviors and characteristics of different age groups. However, the childhood development stage that this paper is focus on is the middle childhood stage. During this phase in a child’s life, they go through a variety of changes. Such changes include; physical, cognitive, social and emotional changes. According to this course text, HDEV (2010), middle childhood comprises children between the ages of 6 to 12 years. In addition, in relation to the information that is presented in this text about the
Piaget (1896–1980) came up with a theory called cognitive development, which occurs in four stages in every child's emotional development. The first two stages are from birth until the child reaches his or her seventh year of life where they will become aware of its environment by visual, touch and sound. During the third and fourth stage, which is the concrete and formal operations, the child will typically ask questions to better understand the complexions of things surrounding the child and to satisfy their curiosity and exploring mind. Children at these stages usually step out of their comfort zones and experiment new things. They develop different perspectives (Patient Teaching, Loose Leaf Library Springhouse Corporation, 1990). Here is where they are likely to display disobedience towards their parents or caregivers, usually people that are closest to them.
In Piaget’s theory, there are four stages that develop throughout the years of an individual’s life from childhood to early adulthood. “Piaget saw that these stages where sequential and interdependent, evolving from activity without thought, to thought with less emphasis on activity, to doing knowingly, and finally to conceptualizing” (Hutchison, 2015, p.119). Also, Piaget’s theory is based on schema, which can be developed through social learning and direct learning. Also, there is two concepts that may occur during these two learning’s: assimilation and accommodation. As we look at Dan’s case, we see that the difficulties Dan has with his college peers has made it hard for him to find balance by assimilating new interactional experience within his existing schemata (Hutchison, 2015, p.119). So, when coming to college Dan
After many years of his career in child psychology Jean came up with four stages of mental development called a schema. Jean Piaget categories these stages by age but he has said ...
Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory is focused on the belief that development precedes learning, specifically upon individual development of one’s knowledge through independent learning and experiences (Lourenco, 2012). Piaget’s theory discusses how an individual’s surroundings affect their development resulting in a series of changes in the understandings of their environment.
The two theories that will be discussed throughout this paper are Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development and Erik Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development. The major themes and concepts of the two theories share both differences and similarities. Specific emphasis will be placed on the earliest years of life and will also be related to separation, individuation, and attachment theory. Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development focuses on the concept of schemas and cognitive thought that helps an individual organize knowledge and understand the world, in comparison to Erikson’s theory which focuses on conflicts that arise between and within the ego. Accommodation and assimilation occur throughout Piaget’s theory as a result of children changing their schema to adapt.
Piaget (1952, see Wadsworth 2004), Piaget viewed the intellectual growth as a process of adaptation to the world through the operations of assimilation and accommodation. Using schemas, assimilation is dealing with a new situation. When schemas do not work, accommodation is the needs to be change of a new situation. When working with a child who is nice and kind with respectful showing good behaviors to others in the class. Someday their behaviors change by disobeying the teachers rules a mean to other kids. As a teacher they notice that it is something out of their character because it is not something you would of expect from that child with the changes in their
In this paper I am going to be talking about social and emotional development in my niece Loren. Social Development involves learning the values, knowledge and skills that enable children to relate to others effectively and to contribute in positive ways to family, school and the community (https://www.kidsmatter.edu.au/families/about-friendship/social-development/social-development-children’s-social-development). I will also be talking about her emotional development. Emotional development is the emergence of a child 's experience, expression, understanding, and regulation of emotions from birth through late adolescence. It also comprises how growth and changes in these processes concerning emotions occur (http://www.education.com/reference/article/emotional-development/).